RESUMO
The synthesis of transition metal nitrides nanocrystals (TMNs NCs) has posed a significant challenge due to the limited reactivity of nitrogen sources at lower temperatures and the scarcity of available synthesis methods. In this study, we present a novel colloidal synthesis strategy for the fabrication of Cu3N nanorods (NRs). It is found that the trace oxygen (O2) plays an important role in the synthesis process. And a new mechanism for the formation of Cu3N is proposed. Subsequently, by employing secondary lateral epitaxial growth, the Cu3N-Cu2O heteronanostructures (HNs) can be prepared. The Cu3N NRs and Cu3N-Cu2O HNs were evaluated as precursor electrocatalysts for the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). The Cu3N-Cu2O HNs demonstrate remarkable selectivity and stability with ethylene (C2H4) Faradaic efficiency (FE) up to 55.3%, surpassing that of Cu3N NRs. This study provides innovative insights into the reaction mechanism of colloidal synthesis of TMNs NCs and presents alternative options for designing cost-effective electrocatalysts to achieve carbon neutrality.
RESUMO
Phase control over cation exchange (CE) reactions has emerged as an important approach for the synthesis of nanomaterials (NMs). Although factors such as crystal structure and morphology have been studied for the phase engineering of CE reactions in NMs, there remains a lack of systematic investigation to reveal the impact factors in heterogeneous materials. Herein, we report a molybdenum disulfide induced phase control method for synthesizing multidimensional Co3S4-MoS2 heteronanostructures (HNs) via cation exchange. MoS2 in parent Cu1.94S-MoS2 HNs are proved to affect the thermodynamics and kinetics of CE reactions, and facilitate the formation of Co3S4-MoS2 HNs with controlled phase. This MoS2 induced phase control method can be extended to other parent HNs with multiple dimensions, which shows its universality. Further, theoretical calculations demonstrate that Co3S4 (111)/MoS2 (001) exhibits a higher adhesion work, providing further evidence that MoS2 enables phase control in the HNs CE reactions, inducing the generation of novel Co3S4-MoS2 HNs. As a proof-of-concept application, the obtained Co3S4-MoS2 heteronanoplates (HNPls) show remarkable performance in hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) under alkaline media. This synthetic methodology provides a unique way to control the crystal structure and fills the gap in the study of heterogeneous materials on CE reaction over phase engineering.
RESUMO
In contrast to CUT&Tag approaches for profiling bulk histone modifications, current CUT&Tag methods for analysing specific transcription factor (TF)-DNA interactions remain technically challenging due to TFs having relatively low abundance. Moreover, an efficient CUT&Tag strategy for plant TFs is not yet available. Here, we first applied biotinylated Tn5 transposase-mediated CUT&Tag (B-CUT&Tag) to produce high-quality libraries for interrogating TF-DNA interactions. B-CUT&Tag combines streptavidin-biotin-based DNA purification with routine CUT&Tag, optimizing the removal of large amounts of intact chromatin not targeted by specific TFs. The biotinylated chromatin fragments are then purified for construction of deep sequencing libraries or qPCR analysis. We applied B-CUT&Tag to probe genome-wide DNA targets of Squamosa promoter-binding-like protein 9 (SPL9), a well-established TF in Arabidopsis; the resulting profiles were efficient and consistent in demonstrating its well-established target genes in juvenile-adult transition/flowering, trichome development, flavonoid biosynthesis, wax synthesis and branching. Interestingly, our results indicate functions of AtSPL9 in modulating growth-defence trade-offs. In addition, we established a method for applying qPCR after CUT&Tag (B-CUT&Tag-qPCR) and successfully validated the binding of SPL9 in Arabidopsis and PHR2 in rice. Our study thus provides a convenient and highly efficient CUT&Tag strategy for profiling TF-chromatin interactions that is widely applicable to the annotation of cis-regulatory elements for crop improvement.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Arabidopsis , Arabidopsis , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Arabidopsis/genética , Arabidopsis/metabolismo , DNA/genética , DNA/metabolismo , Cromatina/metabolismo , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/genética , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/metabolismoRESUMO
The design and synthesis of advanced semiconductors is crucial for the full utilization of solar energy. Herein, colloidal selective-epitaxial hybrid of tripartite semiconducting sulfides CuInS2 Cd(In)SMoS2 heteronanostructures (HNs) via lateral- and vertical-epitaxial growths, followed by cation exchange reactions, are reported. The lateral-epitaxial CuInS2 and Cd(In)S enable effective visible to near-infrared (NIR) solar spectrum absorption, and the vertical-epitaxial ultrathin MoS2 offer sufficient edge sulfur sites for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Furthermore, the integrated structures exhibit unique epitaxial-staggered type II band alignments for continuous charge separation. They achieve the H2 evolution rate up to 8 mmol h-1 g-1 , which is ≈35 times higher than bare CdS and show no deactivation after long-term cycling, representing one of the most efficient and robust noble-metal-free photocatalysts. This design principle and transformation protocol open a new way for creating all-in-one multifunctional catalysts in a predictable manner.
RESUMO
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Adipose tissue is a dynamic endocrine organ that regulates whole-body energy homeostasis through the secretion of signalling molecules. Recent reports suggest that secreted microRNAs (miRNAs) may function as biologically active molecules for intercellular communication. This study aims to identify obesity-related circulating miRNA that could be secreted from adipocytes and to explore its possible role in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases. METHODS: Real-time RT-PCR was used to evaluate the circulating level of miR-130b in mouse models of obesity as well as in humans. Luciferase assay and immunoblotting were used to verify the miRNA target. The effect of miR-130b on mouse peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α was also investigated by electrogene transfer. RESULTS: The circulating level of miR-130b was elevated in mouse models of obesity as well as in obese Chinese individuals. More interestingly, the circulating level of miR-130b was positively correlated with BMI. Moreover, circulating miR-130b was a better predictor of the metabolic syndrome than was triacylglycerol level. Mechanistically, adipocytes secreted miR-130b during adipogenesis. TGF-ß, which is proportionately increased with obesity, stimulated miR-130b secretion from adipocytes. Furthermore, miR-130b was able to target muscle cells and reduce the expression of its direct target gene, PGC-1α (also known as PPARGC1A), which plays a key role in lipid oxidation in muscle. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Circulating miR-130b reflects the degree of obesity and could serve as a potential biomarker for hypertriacylglycerolaemia and metabolic syndrome. Circulating miR-130b could function as a metabolic mediator for adipose-muscle crosstalk and might be involved in the pathogenesis of obesity-associated metabolic diseases.
Assuntos
Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , MicroRNAs/sangue , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Obesidade/sangue , Sobrepeso/sangue , Células 3T3-L1 , Animais , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Obesidade/metabolismo , Sobrepeso/metabolismo , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/metabolismoRESUMO
IL-1ß plays a crucial role as a prototypical proinflammatory cytokine in immune responses and has been shown to affect macrophage functions. However, the effects of putative IL-1ß homologs on fish macrophages are still less known. Here, we cloned the full-length cDNA sequence of IL-1ß (aIL-1ß) gene from ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that aIL-1ß was closest to that of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) revealed that aIL-1ß transcript was mainly expressed in spleen, head kidney and gill, and dramatically increased in various tissues after Listonella anguillarum infection. Subsequently, aIL-1ß was prokaryotic expressed and purified to prepare anti-aIL-1ß antibody. After L. anguillarum challenge, the aIL-1ß mRNA and protein levels were significantly up-regulated in ayu monocytes/macrophages. Moreover, aIL-1ß neutralization did not change phagocytic capability, but reduced bacterial killing capability in ayu head kidney-derived monocytes/macrophages. Therefore, aIL-1ß may play an important role in immune response of ayu, especially, contributing to bacterial killing of monocytes/macrophages.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Peixes/genética , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Interleucina-1beta/genética , Osmeriformes/genética , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Western Blotting , Clonagem Molecular , DNA Complementar/genética , DNA Complementar/metabolismo , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Proteínas de Peixes/química , Proteínas de Peixes/metabolismo , Injeções Intraperitoneais , Interleucina-1beta/química , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismo , Listonella/fisiologia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Especificidade de Órgãos , Osmeriformes/imunologia , Osmeriformes/metabolismo , Fagocitose , Filogenia , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Alinhamento de Sequência , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
Macrophages play an important role in first-line host defense of innate immune in fishes. However, it is difficult to investigate cellular mechanism of immune response in fish species with little genomic information available. Here we present the first use of RNA-Sequencing to study the macrophage transcriptome of ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis, which is an economically important fish in East Asia. De novo assembly generated 49,808 non-redundant consensus sequences, among which 23,490 transcripts found respective coding sequences. 15,707 transcripts are predicted to be involved in known metabolic or signaling pathways. The sequences were then used to develop a microarray for measurement the effect of recombinant LECT2 on ayu macrophages. LECT2 altered expression of a variety of genes mainly implicated in actin cytoskeleton, pattern recognition receptors and cytokines. Meanwhile, LECT2 enhanced phagocytosis, bacterial killing, and respiratory burst in ayu macrophages, which supported the thought derived from the microarray data that LECT2 activates macrophages. In conclusion, our results contribute to understanding the specific regulation mechanism of LECT2 in macrophage activation, and the combination of transcriptome analysis and microarray assay is a good method for screening a special tissue or cell response to a stimulus or pathogen in non-model fish species.
Assuntos
Macrófagos/metabolismo , Análise em Microsséries/veterinária , Osmeriformes/genética , Transcriptoma/genética , Análise de Variância , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Biblioteca Gênica , Rim Cefálico/citologia , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala/veterinária , Análise em Microsséries/métodos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Análise de Sequência com Séries de Oligonucleotídeos/métodos , Fagocitose/imunologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Explosão Respiratória , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Studies have demonstrated that the failure of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) differentiation as a major cause of remyelination failure in demyelinating disease. The reasons for this failure are not completely understood. We hypothesized that the present of myelin debris in CNS play an important role in poor OPCs differentiation in the mouse model of demyelinating disease. METHODS: Mice were fed by the food mixed with normal or 0.2 % cuprizone (CPZ) for 6 weeks. Then the learning and memory impairment were tested by Morris water maze test. The spontaneous alternation behavior and depression-like symptoms were assessed by tail suspension test and open filed test. The number of OPCs and oligodendrocytes were counted by immunofluorescence. After exposed to CPZ for 6 weeks, the mice were then receiving stereotactic injection of NEP1-40 into the CA3 of hippocampus. The behavioral, learning and memory changes were assessed by tail suspension test and open field test. The differentiation of OPCs were detected by immunofluorescence and western blot. RESULTS: The mice in CPZ group are more likely to show signs of depression and they showed impairment of long-term learning and memory function. The differentiation of OPCs were impaired in CPZ group. We found that mice treated with NEP1-40 showed less depression-like symptom in TST and higher locomotor activity in the OFT than the mice treated with PBS. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggest that NEP1-40 can promote OPC differentiation and survival. Further study should focus on the effect of NEP1-40 on the differentiation and survival of OPCs in vitro.
Assuntos
Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Cuprizona/toxicidade , Doenças Desmielinizantes/tratamento farmacológico , Hipocampo/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas da Mielina/administração & dosagem , Células Precursoras de Oligodendrócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/administração & dosagem , Animais , Diferenciação Celular/fisiologia , Quelantes/toxicidade , Doenças Desmielinizantes/induzido quimicamente , Doenças Desmielinizantes/metabolismo , Hipocampo/citologia , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Células Precursoras de Oligodendrócitos/metabolismo , Fenótipo , Técnicas EstereotáxicasRESUMO
Although the oil body is known to be an important membrane enclosed compartment for oil storage in seeds, we have little understanding about its biogenesis during embryogenesis. In the present study we investigated the oil body emergence and variations in Brassica napus cv. Topas. The results demonstrate that the oil bodies could be detected already at the heart stage, at the same time as the embryos began to turn green, and the starch grains accumulated in the chloroplast stroma. In comparison, we have studied the development of oil bodies between Arabidopsis thaliana wild type (Col) and the low-seed-oil mutant wrinkled1-3. We observed that the oil body development in the embryos of Col is similar to that of B. napus cv. Topas, and that the size of the oil bodies was obviously smaller in the embryos of wrinkled1-3. Our results suggest that the oil body biogenesis might be coupled with the embryo chloroplast.
Assuntos
Brassica napus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Brassica napus/metabolismo , Corpos de Inclusão/metabolismo , Óleos de Plantas/metabolismo , Sementes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Arabidopsis/genética , Arabidopsis/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Arabidopsis/ultraestrutura , Brassica napus/genética , Brassica napus/ultraestrutura , Corpos de Inclusão/ultraestrutura , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas/genética , Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas/metabolismo , Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas/ultraestrutura , Sementes/metabolismo , Sementes/ultraestruturaRESUMO
The purpose of the present study was to investigate effects of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) on proliferation and apoptosis of hippocampal neural stem cells (NSCs) treated with dizocilpine (MK-801). Cultures of hippocampal NSCs were randomly divided into four groups consisting of an untreated control, cells treated with MK-801, NMDA and a combination of MK801 and NMDA (M+N). Proliferative and apoptotic responses for each of the experimental groups were determined by MTS and flow cytometry. The results revealed that MK-801 and NMDA exerted significant effects on hippocampal NSCs proliferation. Cell survival rates decreased in MK-801, NMDA and M+N treated groups compared with the control group. Cells survival rates in NMDA and M+N treated groups increased compared with the MK-801 treated group. MK-801 and NMDA were demonstrated to significantly affect apoptosis in hippocampal NSCs. Total and early stages of apoptosis in MK-801 and NMDA groups significantly increased compared with the control group. Total and early apoptosis of NSCs in the M+N group significantly decreased compared with MK-801 and NMDA groups. Late apoptosis of NSCs in MK-801 and NMDA groups significantly decreased compared with the control group. Late apoptosis of NSCs in the M+N group significantly increased compared with MK-801 and NMDA groups. The present study revealed that MK-801 inhibited proliferation and increased apoptosis in hippocampal NSCs. NMDA may reduce the neurotoxicity induced by MK-801, which may be associated with its activity towards NMDA receptors and may describe a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of schizophrenia.
RESUMO
The aim of the present study was to investigate the characteristics of NmethylDaspartate receptor R1 (NR1) expression and apoptosis in the nerve cells of the hippocampus in schizophrenialike mice. C57BL/6 mice were randomly allocated to the following groups: i) Blank group; ii) MK801 group; iii) MK801+NMDA group, according to body weight. The NMDAR antagonist, MK801 (0.6 mg/kg/d) was intraperitoneally injected daily for 14 days to induce a schizophrenialike phenotype mouse model, and the effect of the NMDA injection via the lateral ventricle was observed. The results demonstrated that the number of NR1 positive cells in the MK801 group increased in the CA1 and DG regions, indicating that NMDA may reverse this change. The level of damage decreased in the MK801 treated group when compared with the blank group in the CA3 region. The protein expression of NR1 increased however, at the mRNA expression level, NR1 was lower in the MK801 treated group when compared to the blank group; NMDA also reversed this change. In addition, early and total apoptosis detected in the hippocampal nerve cells was significantly increased in the MK801 group when compared with the blank group, which was reversible following treatment with NMDA. These results indicated that NMDA may regulate the expression of NR1 and suppress apoptosis in hippocampal nerve cells in schizophrenialike mice. Thus, NR1 may be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of schizophrenia.
Assuntos
Apoptose/genética , Expressão Gênica , Hipocampo/citologia , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/genética , Receptores de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/genética , Animais , Masculino , Camundongos , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/química , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/metabolismo , Subunidades Proteicas/genética , Receptores de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/química , Receptores de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/metabolismoRESUMO
Brown planthopper (BPH) is the most destructive pest of rice in Asia. To date 29 BPH resistance genes have been identified, but only a few genes are being used in breeding due to inefficient markers for marker-assisted selection (MAS) and little knowledge of the real effects of the genes. In this study we individually transferred 13 genes or QTLs (Bph14, QBph3, QBph4, Bph17, Bph15, Bph20, Bph24, Bph6, Bph3, Bph9, Bph10, Bph18 and Bph21) into cultivar 9311 by marker assisted backcross breeding (MABB). Through positive and negative selection we narrowed the segments from donors containing Bph14, Bph15, Bph6 and Bph9 to 100-400 kb. Whole-genome background selection based on a high resolution SNP array was performed to maximize reconstitution of the recurrent parent genome (RPG 99.2-99.9%). All genes reduced BPH growth and development and showed antibiotic responses in seedlings. Based on genetic effects and amino acid sequences of genes in three clusters we inferred that Bph10 and Bph21 might be identical to Bph26, whereas Bph9 and Bph18 were different. Bph15 might be same with Bph17, but QBph4, Bph20 and Bph24 might be different. We believe that these NILs will be useful in rice BPH resistance research and breeding.
Assuntos
Resistência à Doença/genética , Genes de Plantas/genética , Oryza/genética , Doenças das Plantas/genética , Locos de Características Quantitativas/genética , Animais , Mapeamento Cromossômico , Cromossomos de Plantas/genética , Cruzamentos Genéticos , Genoma de Planta/genética , Hemípteros/fisiologia , Oryza/parasitologia , Melhoramento Vegetal/métodos , Doenças das Plantas/parasitologia , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Plântula/genética , Plântula/parasitologiaRESUMO
Brown planthopper (BPH) is the most destructive pest of rice in Asia. The BPH resistance in the introgression line IR65482-17-511-5-7 (IR65482-17) is derived from the wild rice species Oryza australiensis. An F2:3 population from a cross between Zhenshan 97 (ZS97) and IR65482-17 was used to map three quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for seedling resistance and feeding rate to BPH. The loci were distributed on chromosomes 2, 4 and 12. The QTL qBph4.2 on chromosome 4 had the largest effect, and contributed 36-44% of the phenotypic variance with a LOD score of 19-29. To validate the effect of qBph4.2, two near-isogenic lines (NILs) containing the qBph4.2 locus in the backgrounds of ZS97 and 9311 were developed by marker-assisted backcrossing (MABC). BPH bioassays showed that lines homozygous for the IR65482-17 allele (NIL+) of qBph4.2 tented to have significantly higher seedling resistance to BPH than those homozygous for the ZS97 or 9311 alleles (NIL-). Resistance was associated with a lower feeding rate by the insect. qBph4.2 was delimited to a ~300 kb (0.04 cM) region flanked by markers RM261 and S1, and co-segregating with XC4-27. This study will facilitate map-based cloning and marker-assisted selection of the gene, and permits further studies of gene function and resistance mechanisms in rice: BPH interaction.
Assuntos
Hemípteros , Oryza/genética , Oryza/imunologia , Controle Biológico de Vetores , Plântula/imunologia , Animais , Mapeamento Cromossômico , Cruzamentos Genéticos , Genes de Plantas , Doenças das Plantas/imunologia , Locos de Características QuantitativasRESUMO
This study analyzed the characteristics of reverse transcriptase sequences of copia-like retrotransposons in Amaranthus via PCR amplification and sequence approaches. The results are as follows: (1) The reverse transcriptase sequences of copia-like retrotransposons were detected in all 30 Amaranthus accessions studied, indicating that this class of retrotransposons is ubiquitous in Amaranthus; (2) Twenty-eight reverse transcriptases in A. quitensis were cloned and sequenced, showing extensive heterogeneity in base deletion mutation and stop codon mutation; (3) Cluster and alignment analyses of the 28 sequences and other published sequences of the reverse transcriptase from other species (such as rice, tomato and Drosophila) showed that the copia-like retrotransposons in A. quitensis have a close relationship with those in dicot and monocot plants. The evolution of copia-like retrotransposons in A. tricolor, which might be of the same origin as the copia and 1731 in Drosophila, was discussed.
Assuntos
Amaranthus/genética , Retroelementos/genética , Sequência de Aminoácidos , DNA/química , DNA/genética , Evolução Molecular , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , DNA Polimerase Dirigida por RNA/genética , Alinhamento de Sequência , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Homologia de Sequência de AminoácidosRESUMO
Main-effect QTL, epistatic effects and their interactions with environment are important genetic components of quantitative traits. In this study, we analyzed the QTLs, epistatic effects and QTL by environment interactions (QE) underlying nine traits of yield and yield-component, using a doubled-haploid (DH) population consisted of 190 lines from the cross between an indica parent Zhenshan 97 and a japonica parent WYJ 2, and tested in two-year replicated field trials. A genetic linkage map with 179 SSR (simple sequence repeat) marker loci was constructed. A mixed linear model approach was applied to detect QTLs, digenic interactions and QEs for the nine traits. In total, 57 QTLs of main effects, 41 digenic interactions, eight QEs and seven interactions of epistasis by environment were detected. Each of the main-effect QTLs individually explained 1.3 % to 25.8% of the phenotypic variations. And they collectively explained 11.5% to 66.8% of the phenotypic variations for these traits. Most of the traits (except seed setting) had the QTLs simultaneously detected in two years. Many of the traits shared same QTLs with each other, which is consistent with their significant phenotypic correlations. The pleiotropism or tight linkage of QTLs for different traits might be the important genetic base for trait correlations. The environmental influences on the stability of the trait performance were also discussed.
Assuntos
Produtos Agrícolas , Haploidia , Oryza/genética , Locos de Características Quantitativas , Oryza/crescimento & desenvolvimento , FenótipoRESUMO
P2X purinoceptor 7 (P2X7R), an ATP-gated ion channel, plays an important role during the innate immune response in mammals. However, relatively little is known about the role of P2X7R in the fish immune system. Here, we cloned a cDNA sequence encoding ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis) P2X7R (aP2X7R). The predicted protein was composed of 574 amino acid residues with a P2X family signature, two transmembrane domains, and a long C-terminal. aP2X7R transcripts were mainly distributed in ayu immune tissues and significantly increased in all tested tissues and in macrophages after Listonella anguillarum infection. The aP2X7R protein was upregulated significantly in macrophages upon bacterial challenge. An antibody against the ectodomain of aP2X7R (aEPAb) and an antagonist (oATP) were used to block aP2X7R. aP2X7R siRNA was also used to knockdown the receptor expression in ayu macrophages. Cell death induced by ATP was significantly inhibited in ayu macrophages after aEPAb, oATP, or siRNA treatment. Moreover, aP2X7R ablation also resulted in suppression of phagocytic activity and ATP-induced bacterial killing in ayu macrophages. Our results indicated that aP2X7R was upregulated after infection and mediated cell death, phagocytosis, and bacterial killing of ayu macrophages.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Peixes , Proteínas de Peixes/genética , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/imunologia , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/veterinária , Macrófagos/imunologia , Osmeriformes/imunologia , Receptores Purinérgicos P2X7/genética , Trifosfato de Adenosina/análogos & derivados , Trifosfato de Adenosina/farmacologia , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Anticorpos Neutralizantes/farmacologia , Morte Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Clonagem Molecular , DNA Complementar/genética , Proteínas de Peixes/imunologia , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/microbiologia , Listonella/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos , Macrófagos/microbiologia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Osmeriformes/genética , Osmeriformes/microbiologia , Fagocitose/efeitos dos fármacos , Filogenia , Estrutura Terciária de Proteína , RNA Interferente Pequeno/genética , Receptores Purinérgicos P2X7/imunologia , Alinhamento de SequênciaRESUMO
Leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2) is a multifunctional cytokine and reduced plasma levels were found in patients with sepsis. However, precise functions and mechanisms of LECT2 remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to determine the role of LECT2 in modulating immune responses using mouse sepsis models. We found that LECT2 treatment improved outcome in mice with bacterial sepsis. Macrophages (MΦ), but not polymorphonuclear neutrophils, mediated the beneficial effect of LECT2 on bacterial sepsis. LECT2 treatment could alter gene expression and enhance phagocytosis and bacterial killing of MΦ in vitro. CD209a was identified to specifically interact with LECT2 and mediate LECT2-induced MΦ activation. CD209a-expressing MΦ was further confirmed to mediate the effect of LECT2 on sepsis in vivo. Our data demonstrate that LECT2 improves protective immunity in bacterial sepsis, possibly as a result of enhanced MΦ functions via the CD209a receptor. The modulation of MΦ functions by LECT2 may serve as a novel potential treatment for sepsis.
Assuntos
Bacteriemia/imunologia , Moléculas de Adesão Celular/metabolismo , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/metabolismo , Lectinas Tipo C/metabolismo , Macrófagos/imunologia , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Receptores de Superfície Celular/metabolismo , Animais , Bacteriemia/genética , Bacteriemia/metabolismo , Bacteriemia/microbiologia , Bacteriemia/patologia , Moléculas de Adesão Celular/genética , Infecções por Escherichia coli/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Escherichia coli/imunologia , Infecções por Escherichia coli/mortalidade , Infecções por Escherichia coli/patologia , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/genética , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/imunologia , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/farmacologia , Lectinas Tipo C/genética , Ativação de Macrófagos , Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Mutantes , Fagocitose/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores de Superfície Celular/genéticaRESUMO
Proteus syndrome (PS) is a rare and sporadic disorder characterized by overgrowth of multiple tissues and a propensity to develop particular neoplasms. The clinical manifestations of PS include macrodactyly, vertebral abnormalities, asymmetric limb overgrowth and length discrepancy, hyperostosis, abnormal and asymmetric fat distribution, asymmetric muscle development, connective tissue nevi, and vascular malformations. We report a 16-year old female patient who manifested a number of these complications and review the Chinese literature about the diagnosis, natural history, and management of PS.