A yeast growth assay to characterize plant poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) proteins and inhibitors.

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) have been implicated in responses of plants to DNA damage and numerous stresses, whereby the mechanistic basis of the interference is often unclear. Therefore, the identification of specific inhibitors and potential interactors of plant PARPs is desirable. For this purpose, we established an assay based on heterologous expression of PARP genes from the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana in yeast. Expression of AtPARPs caused an inhibition of yeast growth to different extent, which was alleviated by inhibitors targeted at human PARPs. This assay provides a fast and simple means to identify target proteins and pharmacological inhibitors of AtPARP1.

Loading characteristics data applied on osseointegrated implant by transfemoral bone-anchored prostheses fitted with state-of-the-art components during daily activities.

The data in this paper are related to the research article entitled "Load applied on osseointegrated implant by transfemoral bone-anchored prostheses fitted with state-of-the-art prosthetic components" (Frossard et al. Clinical Biomechanics, 89 (2021) 105457. DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2021.105457). This article contains the overall and individual loading characteristics applied on transfemoral press-fit osseointegrated implant generated by bone-anchored prostheses fitted with state-of-the-art components during daily activities (i.e., microprocessor-controlled Rheo Knee XC knee, energy-storing-and-returning Pro-Flex XC or LP feet (ÖSSUR, Iceland)). Confounders of the loads are presented. The load profiles are characterized by the loading patterns, loading boundaries and loading local extrema of the forces and moments applied during straight-level walking, ascending and descending ramp and stairs at self-selected comfortable pace. The confounders of the loading information as well as new insights into inter-participants variability of loading patterns, loading boundaries and loading local extrema can inform the design of subsequent cross-sectional and longitudinal studies as well as literature reviews and meta-analyzes. The loading datasets are critical to clinicians and engineers designing finite element models of osseointegrated implants (e.g., medullar and percutaneous parts) and prosthetic components, algorithms capable to recognize the loading patterns applied on a residuum during daily activities, as well as clinical trials assessing the effects of particular prosthetic care interventions. Altogether, these datasets provide promoters of prosthetic care innovations with valuable insights informing the prescription of advanced prosthetic components to the growing population of individuals suffering from lower limb loss choosing bionics solutions. Online repository contains the files: https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/gmsyv97cpc/1.

Load applied on osseointegrated implant by transfemoral bone-anchored prostheses fitted with state-of-the-art prosthetic components.

BACKGROUND: This study presented the load profile applied on transfemoral osseointegrated implants by bone-anchored prostheses fitted with state-of-the-art ÖSSUR microprocessor-controlled Rheo Knee XC and energy-storing-and-returning Pro-Flex XC or LP feet during five standardized daily activities. METHODS: This cross-sectional cohort study included 13 participants fitted with a press-fit transfemoral osseointegrated implant. Loading data were directly measured with the tri-axial transducer of an iPecsLab (RTC Electronics, USA) fitted between the implant and knee unit. The loading profile was characterized by spatio-temporal gaits variables, magnitude of loading boundaries as well as onset and magnitude of loading extrema during walking, ascending and descending ramp and stairs. FINDINGS: A total of 2127 steps was analysed. The cadence ranged between 36 ± 7 and 47 ± 6 strides/min. The absolute maximum force and moments applied across all activities was 1322 N, 388 N and 133 N as well as 22 Nm, 52 Nm and 88 Nm on and around the long, anteroposterior and mediolateral axes of the implant, respectively. INTERPRETATION: This study provided new benchmark loading data applied by transfemoral bone-anchored prostheses fitted with selected ÖSSUR state-of-the-art components. Outcomes suggested that such prostheses can generate relevant loads at the interface with the osseointegrated implant to restore ambulation effectively. This study is a worthwhile contribution toward a systematic recording, analysis, and reporting of ecological prosthetic loading profiles as well as closing the evidence gaps between prescription and biomechanical benefits of state-of-the-art components. Hopefully, this will contribute to improve outcomes for growing number of individuals with limb loss opting for bionic solutions.