A novel improved total variation algorithm for the elimination of scratch-type defects in high-voltage cable cross-sections.

In the quality inspection process of high-voltage cables, several commonly used indicators include cable length, insulation thickness, and the number of conductors within the core. Among these factors, the count of conductors holds particular significance as a key determinant of cable quality. Machine vision technology has found extensive application in automatically detecting the number of conductors in cross-sectional images of high-voltage cables. However, the presence of scratch-type defects in cut high-voltage cable cross-sections can significantly compromise the precision of conductor count detection. To address this problem, this paper introduces a novel improved total variation (TV) algorithm, marking the first-ever application of the TV algorithm in this domain. Considering the staircase effect, the direct use of the TV algorithm is prone to cause serious loss of image edge information. The proposed algorithm firstly introduces multimodal features to effectively mitigate the staircase effect. While eliminating scratch-type defects, the algorithm endeavors to preserve the original image's edge information, consequently yielding a noteworthy enhancement in detection accuracy. Furthermore, a dataset was curated, comprising images of cross-sections of high-voltage cables of varying sizes, each displaying an assortment of scratch-type defects. Experimental findings conclusively demonstrate the algorithm's exceptional efficiency in eradicating diverse scratch-type defects within high-voltage cable cross-sections. The average scratch elimination rate surpasses 90%, with an impressive 96.15% achieved on cable sample 4. A series of conducted ablation experiments in this paper substantiate a significant enhancement in cable image quality. Notably, the Edge Preservation Index (EPI) exhibits an improvement of approximately 20%, resulting in a substantial boost to conductor count detection accuracy, thus effectively enhancing the quality of high-voltage cable production.

DRCNN: decomposing residual convolutional neural networks for time series forecasting.

Recent studies have shown great performance of Transformer-based models in long-term time series forecasting due to their ability in capturing long-term dependencies. However, Transformers have their limitations when training on small datasets because of their lack in necessary inductive bias for time series forecasting, and do not show significant benefits in short-time step forecasting as well as that in long-time step as the continuity of sequence is not focused on. In this paper, efficient designs in Transformers are reviewed and a design of decomposing residual convolution neural networks or DRCNN is proposed. The DRCNN method allows to utilize the continuity between data by decomposing data into residual and trend terms which are processed by a designed convolution block or DR-Block. DR-Block has its strength in extracting features by following the structural design of Transformers. In addition, by imitating the multi-head in Transformers, a Multi-head Sequence method is proposed such that the network is enabled to receive longer inputs and more accurate forecasts are obtained. The state-of-the-art performance of the presented model are demonstrated on several datasets.

Adaptive walking control for quadruped robot by using oscillation patterns.

To improve the adaptability of quadruped robot in multiple scenarios, an adaptive locomotive system based on the double-layered central pattern generator (CPG) is proposed. The novel CPG network consists of double master units and subsets of slave units based on gyroscope signals including yaw and pitch angle. The response of master units provides the ability to control the 1st joins of quadruped robot, while slave units can generate the symmetry signals to control the 2nd and 3rd joints. The CPG network enables the seamless switching of locomotion gaits to stops and starts by using an ultrasonic sensor. Through adjusting the mutually dependent parameters, joints can generate the joint angles to achieve steering behavior. For adaptive movement on an irregular surface, stable ranges of the robot body yaw and pitch angles are proposed by using gyroscope signals. The experimental results verify that the quadruped robot with the proposed double-layered CPG network can perform stable trot pattern in a complex environment.

Point cloud registration of arrester based on scale-invariant points feature histogram.

Arrester is an important lightning protection device in the electrical field. The parameters of arrester such as creepage distance, umbrella distance and diameter are important for product quality, but they are difficult to measure because the shape of arrester is irregular. However, the three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction technique is efficient in measuring arrester parameters. The uniform distributed structure of umbrella skirt on the arrester surface restrict the registration of point cloud. In this paper, a scale-invariant points features histogram (SIPFH) descriptor is proposed; the descriptor combines the characteristics of Scale-invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) and fast point feature histogram (FPFH). Moreover, the improved Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm is presented, the maximum distance of corresponding points in the iterative process is adjusted to realize the local optimization. The point cloud registration method consists of two parts: primary registration method based on SIPFH, and secondary registration method based on improved LM algorithm. Point clouds of different arresters are collected to establish datasets, some of which have interference. Experimental results indicate that the root mean square error of the method is less than 0.02 m; the average running time is 2.7 s, which is [Formula: see text] of the conventional method based on FPFH.

Segmenting the Semi-Conductive Shielding Layer of Cable Slice Images Using the Convolutional Neural Network.

Being an important part of aerial insulated cable, the semiconductive shielding layer is made of a typical polymer material and can improve the cable transmission effects; the structural parameters will affect the cable quality directly. Then, the image processing of the semiconductive layer plays an essential role in the structural parameter measurements. However, the semiconductive layer images are often disturbed by the cutting marks, which affect the measurements seriously. In this paper, a novel method based on the convolutional neural network is proposed for image segmentation. In our proposed strategy, a deep fully convolutional network with a skip connection algorithm is defined as the main framework. The inception structure and residual connection are employed to fuse features extracted from the receptive fields with different sizes. Finally, an improved weighted loss function and refined algorithm are utilized for pixel classification. Experimental results show that our proposed algorithm achieves better performance than the current algorithms.

[Effect of thoracic duct ligation during transthoracic esophagectomy on the prevention of post-operative chylothorax in different tumor locations].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of thoracic duct ligation during transthoracic esophagectomy on preventing post-operative chylothorax in different tumor locations. METHODS: Between March 2003 and June 2007, 243 patients with thoracic esophageal carcinoma underwent esophageal resection in our hospital. All the cases were divided into five groups according to tumor localization, including cervical, upper middle, middle, lower middle and lower sections. Each was then subdivided into 2 groups: with and without intraoperative thoracic duct ligation. Statistical analysis was carried out to evaluate the relevance between ligation and non-ligation of the thoracic duct during esophagectomy and the incidence of post-operative chylothorax. RESULTS: A total of 8 cases of post-operative chylothorax was recorded and the incidence was 3.3%. Incidence with respect to tumor location was as follows: cervical section: ligation subgroup 3 cases and non-ligation subgroup 5 cases; upper middle section: no one for both ligation and non-ligation subgroups; middle section: ligation subgroup 0/26 and non-ligation subgroup 1/28 (3.6%); lower middle section: ligation subgroup 1/39 (2.6%) and non-ligation subgroup 1/35 (2.9%); lower section: ligation subgroup 1/37 (2.7%) and non-ligation subgroup 2/44 (4.5%). Logistic regression analysis revealed no significant difference between ligation and non-ligation subgroup in the prevention of post-operative chylothorax (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Thoracic duct ligation as preventive measure can not decrease the incidence of chylothorax secondary to esophagectomy.