RESUMO
We discovered a series of novel and potent thiazolylpyridinone-based SCD1 inhibitors based on a 2-aminothiazole HTS hit by replacing the amide bond with a pyridinone moiety. Compound 19 demonstrated good potency against SCD1 in vitro and in vivo. The mouse liver microsomal SCD1 in vitro potency for 19 was improved by more than 240-fold compared to the original HTS hit. Furthermore, 19 demonstrated a dose-dependent reduction of plasma desaturation index with an ED50 of 6.3 mg/kg. Compound 19 demonstrated high liver to plasma and liver to eyelid exposures, indicating preferential liver distribution. The preliminary toxicology study with compound 19 did not demonstrate adverse effects related to SCD1 inhibition, suggesting a wide safety margin with respect to other known SCD1 inhibitors with wider distribution profiles.
Assuntos
Descoberta de Drogas/métodos , Fígado/metabolismo , Piridonas/metabolismo , Piridonas/farmacologia , Estearoil-CoA Dessaturase/antagonistas & inibidores , Estearoil-CoA Dessaturase/metabolismo , Animais , Células CACO-2 , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Células Hep G2 , Humanos , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos , Piridonas/química , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos Lew , Distribuição Tecidual/efeitos dos fármacos , Distribuição Tecidual/fisiologiaRESUMO
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) catalyzes de novo synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids from saturated fatty acids. Studies have demonstrated that rodents lacking a functional SCD1 gene have an improved metabolic profile, including reduced weight gain, lower triglycerides, and improved insulin response. In this study, we discovered a series of piperazinylpyridazine-based highly potent, selective, and orally bioavailable compounds. Particularly, compound 49 (XEN103) was highly active in vitro (mSCD1 IC(50) = 14 nM and HepG2 IC(50) = 12 nM) and efficacious in vivo (ED(50) = 0.8 mg/kg). It also demonstrated striking reduction of weight gain in a rodent model. Our findings with small-molecule SCD1 inhibitors confirm the importance of this target in metabolic regulation, describe novel models for assessing SCD1 inhibitors for efficacy and tolerability and demonstrate an opportunity to develop a novel therapy for metabolic disease.