Simple Turn-On Fluorescent Sensor for Discriminating Cys/Hcy and GSH from Different Fluorescent Signals.

As a kind of bioactive sulfur species, biothiols (Cys, Hcy, and GSH) play an irreplaceable role in regulating the redox balance of life processes. Because of their similar chemical structures and properties, a sulfydryl group, and an amino group, it is an important challenge to distinguish two or more of them at the same time. Herein, a fluorescent sensor (NTPC) based on the coumarin structure was developed to discriminate Cys/Hcy and GSH simultaneously. The sensor has no fluorescence due to the d-PET effect but displays strong fluorescence after its reaction with biothiols. There are two potential reaction sites (nitrophenyl sulfide group and aldehyde group) in the structure of NTPC, resulting in different fluorescent signal changes after reacting with biothiols (green for Cys and Hcy and red for GSH). Under double-wavelength excitation, the sensor shows low background fluorescence, high selectivity, and low detection limits toward biothiols. Moreover, the sensor can be used to discriminate different biothiols (Cys/Hcy and GSH) in cells and zebra fish by different fluorescence signals with low toxicity and might provide a promising tool for studying the roles of different biothiols in various physiological and pathological processes.

Total spinal anesthesia caused by lidocaine during unilateral percutaneous vertebroplasty performed under local anesthesia: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Intradural anesthesia caused by anesthetic drug leakage during percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) has rarely been reported. We here report a 71-year-old woman who suffered this rare and life-threatening complication during PVP. CASE SUMMARY: A 71-year-old woman, who suffered from 2 wk of severe back pain with a visual analog score of 8, came to our outpatient clinic. She was later diagnosed with a newly compressed L1 fracture and was then admitted in our department. PVP was initially attempted again under local anesthesia. However, serendipitous intradural anesthesia leading to total spinal anesthesia happened. Fortunately, after successful resuscitation of the patient, PVP was safely and smoothly performed. Great pain relief was achieved postoperatively, and she was safely discharged on postoperative day 4. The patient recovered normally at 3-mo follow-up. CONCLUSION: Total spinal anesthesia secondary to PVP by anesthetic drug leakage rarely occurs. In cases of inadvertent wrong puncture leading to drug leakage when performing it under local anesthesia, surgeons should be highly vigilant during the whole procedure. Electrocardiogram monitoring, oxygen inhalation, intravenous cannula set prior to surgery, regular checking of motor activity and a meticulous imaging monitoring with slower pushing of anesthetic drugs, etc. should be highly recommended.