Theabrownin of raw and ripened pu-erh tea varies in the alleviation of HFD-induced obesity via the regulation of gut microbiota.

PURPOSE: Pu-erh tea can be classified into raw pu-erh tea and ripened pu-erh tea. Theabrownin (TB) is one of the major components of pu-erh tea. The difference of the anti-obesity activity between raw pu-erh tea TB (R-TB) and ripened pu-erh tea TB (F-TB) has not been comprehensively investigated yet. Therefore, this article aimed to systemically study the anti-obesity activity and the underlying mechanism of R-TB and F-TB. METHOD: High-fat diet (HFD)-induced C57BL/6J mice with obesity were gavaged with R-TB or F-TB to assess the effect of R-TB and F-TB on the amelioration of obesity, the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes, and the regulation of gut flora imbalance. RESULTS: Administration of both R-TB and F-TB could suppress body weight gain, improve insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis, regulate the lipid level and reduce the chronic inflammation in obese mice. The underlying anti-obesity mechanism of R-TB and F-TB might involve the regulation of lipogenesis and lipolysis, amelioration of the gut microbiota disorder and promotion of microbial metabolism. Interestingly, R-TB was more efficient in the regulation of blood glucose, reduction of inflammation and suppression of partial adipogenesis-related genes and protein, while F-TB was more effective in the inhibition of lipolysis-related genes and protein. In addition, F-TB might be more effective in adjusting the dysbacteria caused by HFD back to normal by promoting the proliferation of the beneficial microbiota, such as Lactobacillus and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group. CONCLUSION: Taken together, both R-TB and F-TB had the potential to be developed as beneficial dietary supplements or functional foods for ameliorating obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders, but their effects and the ability to regulate the intestinal flora varied.

A bifocal compound liquid lens with continuous zoom based on selective wettability.

In this paper, a tunable zoom bifocal liquid lens based on selective wettability is proposed. This lens consists of internal and external immiscible coaxial droplets surrounded by immiscible ambient liquid. Since curvatures and refractive indexes of the internal and external droplets are different, the system forms a long focus and a short focus, respectively. By applying different voltages, the curvatures of the internal and external droplets change exerting continuous movement of a long/short focal point in a certain range. To verify the feasibility and practicability of this concept, a prototype of the bifocal compound lens is fabricated in experiment, and the modulation ability of its long/short focal length is detected. The short focal length of our proposed lens varies from 15.46 mm to 17.47 mm, while the relative long focal length ranges from 96.25 mm to 70.31 mm driven by 200 V.

Design and Characteristics of an Optofluidic Phase Modulator Based on Dielectrowetting.

In this paper, an optofluidic phase modulator based on dielectrowetting is designed and fabricated to adjust the optical phase. Two liquids are filled in the device, and a transparent sheet is employed at the liquid interface to keep the interface flat. When different voltages are applied to the modulator, the flat interface moves up and down, leading to the variation of the optical phase. A theoretical model is constructed to predict the optical phase shift quantitatively, and the phase regulation ability is also tested experimentally. Our modulator realizes continuous adjustment of the optical phase in a certain range by the operation of voltage adjustment. When the voltage is increased to 150 V, the optical phase modulation range of our proposed modulator can reach 9.366 π.

Fucoidan Isolated from Saccharina japonica Inhibits LPS-Induced Inflammation in Macrophages via Blocking NF-κB, MAPK and JAK-STAT Pathways.

Fucoidan has been reported to have a variety of biological activities. However, different algae species, extraction methods, harvesting seasons, and growth regions lead to the structural variation of fucoidan, which would affect the bioactivities of fucoidan. To date, the anti-inflammatory properties and the underlying mechanism of fucoidan from brown alga Saccharina japonica (S. japonica) remain limited. The aims of the present study were to investigate the structure, the anti-inflammatory properties, and the potential molecular mechanisms of fucoidan isolated from S. japonica (SF6) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages. SF6 was characterized using high performance liquid gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), and observed to be rich in fucose, galactose, and sulfate. Additionally, results showed that SF6 remarkably inhibited LPS-induced production of various inflammatory mediators and pro-inflammation cytokines, including nitric oxide (NO), NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-ß (IL-ß), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). A mechanism study showed that SF6 could effectively inhibit inflammatory responses through blocking LPS-induced inflammation pathways, including nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and Janus kinase (JAK)-2 and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-1/3 pathways. These results suggested that SF6 has the potential to be developed as an anti-inflammatory agent applied in functional food.

The Potential of Neoagaro-Oligosaccharides as a Treatment of Type II Diabetes in Mice.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for more than 90% of cases of diabetes mellitus, which is harmful to human health. Herein, neoagaro-oligosaccharides (NAOs) were prepared and their potential as a treatment of T2DM was evaluated in KunMing (KM) mice. Specifically, a T2DM mice model was established by the combination of a high-fat diet (HFD) and alloxan injection. Consequently, the mice were given different doses of NAOs (100, 200, or 400 mg/kg) and the differences among groups of mice were recorded. As a result of the NAOs treatment, the fasting blood glucose (FBG) was lowered and the glucose tolerance was improved as compared with the model group. As indicated by the immunohistochemistry assay, the NAOs treatment was able to ameliorate hepatic macrovesicular steatosis and hepatocyte swelling, while it also recovered the number of pancreatic ß-cells. Additionally, NAOs administration benefited the antioxidative capacity in mice as evidenced by the upregulation of both glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity and the significant reduction of the malondialdehyde concentration. Furthermore, NAOs, as presented by Western blotting, increased the expression of p-ERK1/2, p-JNK, NQO1, HO-1, and PPARγ, via the MAPK, Nrf2, and PPARγ signaling pathways, respectively. In conclusion, NAOs can be used to treat some complications caused by T2DM, and are beneficial in controlling the level of blood glucose and ameliorating the damage of the liver and pancreatic islands.

Ginkgo biloba sarcotesta polysaccharide inhibits inflammatory responses through suppressing both NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathway.

BACKGROUND: Polysaccharides, common components of natural products extensively studied as dietary supplements and functional foods, have been found to have various activities. In the present study, a water-soluble polysaccharide, namely GBSP3a, was isolated and purified from G. biloba sarcotesta. The anti-inflammatory activity of GBSP3a in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages and the potential underlying molecular mechanisms were then assessed. RESULTS: GBSP3a exerted its anti-inflammatory effect by remarkably inhibiting the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines, including nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Excessive mRNA and protein expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were dose-dependently inhibited by GBSP3a in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Further research suggested that the anti-inflammatory effect of GBSP3a can be attributed to the modulation of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. CONCLUSION: GBSP3a exhibits anti-inflammatory activity and exerts its anti-inflammatory effect probably through suppressing both NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathway, indicating that GBSP3a could be used for the development of anti-inflammatory agent or nutraceuticals. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.

Anti-fatigue activity of sea cucumber peptides prepared from Stichopus japonicus in an endurance swimming rat model.

BACKGROUND: Sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus) is a well-known nutritious and luxurious seafood in Asia which has attracted increasing attention because of its nutrition and bioactivities in recent years. In this study, the anti-fatigue activity of sea cucumber peptides (SCP) prepared from S. japonicus was evaluated in a load-induced endurance swimming model. RESULTS: The SCP prepared in this study was mainly made up of low-molecular-weight peptides (<2 kDa). The analysis result of amino acid composition revealed that SCP was rich in glycine, glutamic acid and proline. The endurance capability of rats to fatigue was significantly improved by SCP treatment. Meanwhile, the remarkable alterations of energy metabolic markers, antioxidant enzymes, antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress biomarkers were normalized. Moreover, administration of SCP could modulate alterations of inflammatory cytokines and downregulate the overexpression of TRL4 and NF-κB. CONCLUSION: SCP has anti-fatigue activity and it exerted its anti-fatigue effect probably through normalizing energy metabolism as well as alleviating oxidative damage and inflammatory responses. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.

[Sesquiterpenoids from rhizome of Homalomena occulta].

Twelve compounds were isolated from alcohol extracts of the rhizome of Homalomena occulta by using various chromatographic techniques including column chromatography onsilica gel and C18 reverse-phase silica gel, and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by physico-chemical properties and spectroscopic data analysis as 3α, 7α-dihydroxy-cadin-4-ene (1), 3-oxofabiaimbricatan (2), 3ß, 4α-dihydroxy-7-epi-eudesm-11(13)-ene (3), integrifonol A(4), 1ß, 6ß-dihydroxy-7-epi-eudesm-11(13)-ene (5), 4ß, 7ß, 11-enantioeudesmantriol (6), epi-guaidiol (7), oplopanone(8), (-)-1ß, 4ß, 6α-trihydroxy-eudesmane (9),2α-hydroxyhomalomenol(10), (-)-T-muurolol (11) and hamalomenol A(12). Compounds 1-7 were obtained from the genus Homalomena for the first time and 11-12 were firstly reported from the species. Additionally, compounds 3, 5 and 8 displayed inhibitory effects against the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells with IC50 values of 6.51, 3.25, 7.78 µmol•L⁻¹, respectively.

[Screening and identification of a bacterium capable of converting agar to neoagaro oligosaccharides].

OBJECTIVE: To screen and identify a bacterium capable of converting agar to neoagaro oligosaccharides. METHODS: We took samples of porphyra haitanensis and nearby seawater, and then used the medium containing 1 per thousand agar to enrich the target bacteria. The target isolates were obtained by dilution-plate method, of which crude enzymes were further obtained by liquid culture. We adopted DNS method to determine the target bacteria which can convert agar to neoagaro oligosaccharides. The phylogenetics was identified by analyzing 16S rDNA sequence and combining the strain's morphological and bacterial colonial physiological biochemical characteristics. RESULTS: We isolated a gram-negative bacterial strain HJPHYXJ-1 capable of transforming agar to neoagaro oligosaccharides. Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) search of HJPHYXJ-1's 16S rDNA sequence on GenBank suggested that the similarity between this strain and Vibrio natriegens reached 99% . In addition, the morphological and physiological biochemical characteristics of HJPHYXJ-1 also showed highly similarity to Vibrio natriegens. So we identified HJPHYXJ-1 as Vibrio natriegens. The results of HPLC suggested that the metabolite of enzymatic degradation was neoagaro oligosaccharides. CONCLUSIONS: HJPHYXJ-1 or the new isolate of Vibrio natriegens was capable of converting agar to neoagaro oligosaccharides.

Preparation, antibacterial activity, and structure-activity relationship of low molecular weight κ-carrageenan.

κ-Carrageenan (KC) is a polysaccharide widely used in food industry. It has been widely studied for its excellent physicochemical and beneficial properties. However, the high molecular weight and high viscosity of KC make it difficult to be absorbed and to exert its' biological activities, thus limit its extensive industrial application. In order to solve this problem, five low molecular weight κ-carrageenans (DCPs) were prepared by the degradation of KC using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and ascorbic acid (AH2). The chemical compositions and structure characteristics of the DCPs were then determined. The results showed that H2O2 and AH2 could effectively degrade KC to DCPs, and DCPs remained the basic skeletal structure of KC. DCPs showed good antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of DCPs with the highest antibacterial effects were 5.25, 4.5, 5.25, and 4.5 mg/mL, respectively. This is due to the underlying mechanism of DCPs that bind to the bacterial membrane proteins and change the membrane permeability, thus exerting antibacterial activity. In addition, Spearman's rank correlation and Ridge regression analysis revealed that the molecular weight and the contents of 3,6-anhydro-D-galactose, aldehyde group, carboxyl, and sulfate were the main structural characteristics affecting the antibacterial activity. Our findings reveal that the H2O2-AH2 degradation treatment could significantly improve the antibacterial activity of KC and provide insights into the quantitative structure-activity relationships of the antibacterial activity of DCPs.

Multifunctional fish-skin collagen-based hydrogel sealant with dual-dynamic-bond cross-linked for rapid hemostasis and accelerated wound healing.

Collagen (COL) is the most widespread functional protein. Designing and developing dual-dynamic-bond cross-linked COL adhesive hydrogel sealants with multifunctional is highly advantageous for achieving a superior wound closure effect and hemostasis. In this study, we developed hybrid hydrogels consisting of fish-skin COL, oxidized sodium alginate (OSA), borax and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to enhance full-thickness wound healing. The hydrogels were furnished with first-rate self-healing capabilities through the dual-dynamic-bond cross-linking of dynamic Schiff base bonds (COL-OSA) and diol boric acid bonds (OSA-borax) with reversible breakage and re-formation. Moreover, the incorporation of PVA stimulated the formation of hydrogen bonds in the system, bolstering the stability of the hydrogel framework. The prepared hydrogel manifests self-healing, injectability, multifunctional adhesiveness and biodegradability. In vivo assessment of the hemostatic capacity of COSP20 hydrogel was superior to gauze both in the mice liver injury model and mice tail amputation model. In addition, a full-thickness skin wound model in mice revealed that the COSP20 hydrogel facilitated faster wound closure by accelerating reepithelialization, COL deposition and angiogenesis. These findings illustrate the potential of hybrid fish-skin COL-based hydrogels to enhance wound healing and promote rapid tissue repair, and provide new possibilities for the effective utilization of marine fishery resources.

Plant polysaccharide-derived edible film packaging for instant food: Rapid dissolution in hot water coupled with exceptional mechanical and barrier characteristics.

A comprehensive multiscale analysis was conducted to explore the effects of different ratios of these materials on its properties. The results show that KC played a crucial role in controlling solution viscosity and gel and sol temperatures. The dissolution time at high water temperatures primarily decreased with an increase in SA content. Higher KC and CS content increased tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (ε), while also exhibiting better thermal stability. Water vapor transmission (WVT) and permeability (PV) initially decreased, then increased with the increase of SA and CS contents. Finally, an SA:KC:CS ratio of 1:3:2 showed optimal comprehensive properties, with a dissolution time of about 60.0 ± 3.8 s, TS of 23.80 ± 0.29 MPa, ε of 18.61 ± 0.34 %, WVT of 21.74 ± 0.62 g/m2·24h, and PV of 5.39 ± 0.17 meq/kg. Meanwhile, the SA:KC:CS edible food packaging only introduced minimal effects on food after dissolution, and the total bacterial count met regulatory standards.

Enhancing Pullulan Soft Capsules with a Mixture of Glycerol and Sorbitol Plasticizers: A Multi-Dimensional Study.

The plasticizer is crucial in the plant-based soft capsule. However, meeting the quality requirements of these capsules with a single plasticizer is challenging. To address this issue, this study first investigated the impact of a plasticizer mixture containing sorbitol and glycerol in varying mass ratios and the performance of the pullulan soft film and capsule. The multiscale analysis demonstrates that the plasticizer mixture exhibits superior effectiveness in enhancing the performance of the pullulan film/capsule compared to a single plasticizer. Furthermore, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy indicate that the plasticizer mixture enhances the compatibility and thermal stability of the pullulan films without altering their chemical composition. Among the different mass ratios examined, a 15:15 ratio of sorbitol to glycerol (S/G) is identified as the most optimal, leading to superior physicochemical properties and meeting the requirements for brittleness and disintegration time set by the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. This study provides significant insights into the effect of the plasticizer mixture on the performance of pullulan soft capsules and offers a promising application formula for future use.

Homocysteine Modulates Social Isolation-Induced Depressive-Like Behaviors Through BDNF in Aged Mice.

Social isolation is an unpleasant experience associated with an increased risk of mental disorders. Exploring whether these experiences affect behaviors in aged people is particularly important, as the elderly is very likely to suffer from periods of social isolation during their late-life. In this study, we analyzed the depressive-like behaviors, plasma concentrations of homocysteine (Hcy), and brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) levels in aged mice undergoing social isolation. Results showed that depressive-like behavioral performance and decreased BDNF level were correlated with increased Hcy levels that were detected in 2-month isolated mice. Elevated Hcy induced by high methionine diet mimicked the depressive-like behaviors and BDNF downregulation in the same manner as social isolation, while administration of vitamin B complex supplements to reduce Hcy alleviated the depressive-like behaviors and BDNF reduction in socially isolated mice. Altogether, our results indicated that Hcy played a critical role in social isolation-induced depressive-like behaviors and BDNF reduction, suggesting the possibility of Hcy as a potential therapeutic target and vitamin B intake as a potential value in the prevention of stress-induced depression.

Drying Process of HPMC-Based Hard Capsules: Visual Experiment and Mathematical Modeling.

Using plant-based polysaccharide gels to produce hard capsules is a novel application of this technology in the medicinal field, which has garnered significant attention. However, the current manufacturing technology, particularly the drying process, limits its industrialization. The work herein employed an advanced measuring technique and a modified mathematical model to get more insight into the drying process of the capsule. Low field magnetic resonance imaging (LF-MRI) technique is adopted to reveal the distribution of moisture content in the capsule during drying. Furthermore, a modified mathematical model is developed by considering the dynamic variation of the effective moisture diffusivity (Deff) according to Fick's second law, which enables accurate prediction of the moisture content of the capsule with a prediction accuracy of ±15%. The predicted Deff ranges from 3 × 10-10 to 7 × 10-10 m2·s-1, which has an irregular variation with a time extension. Moreover, as temperature increases or relative humidity decreases, there is an increased acceleration of moisture diffusion. The work provides a fundamental understanding of the drying process of the plant-based polysaccharide gel, which is crucial for enhancing the industrial preparation of the HPMC-based hard capsules.

Virtual Screening of Potential RoxS Inhibitors and Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial Activity in Combination with Antibiotics against Clinically Resistant Bacteria.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa with difficult-to-treat resistance has been designated as an urgent or serious threat by the CDC in the United States; therefore, novel antibacterial drugs and combination strategies are urgently needed. The sensor kinase RoxS is necessary for the aerobic growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study aimed to screen candidate RoxS inhibitors and evaluate their efficacy in treating multi-drug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in combination with meropenem and amikacin to identify promising combination strategies. RoxS protein structures were constructed using homology modeling and potential RoxS inhibitors, including Ezetimibe, Deferasirox, and Posaconazole, were screened from the FDA-approved ZINC drug database using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. MIC and checkerboard assays were used to determine the in vitro antimicrobial efficacy of the three drugs in combination with antibiotics. The results of in vitro experiments showed an additive effect of 100 µg/mL Deferasirox or 16 µg/mL Posaconazole in combination with meropenem and a synergistic effect of 1.5 µg/mL Deferasirox and amikacin. In summary, these three drugs are potential inhibitors of RoxS, and their combination with meropenem or amikacin is expected to reverse the resistance of P. aeruginosa, providing new combination strategies for the treatment of clinically difficult-to-treat Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Sodium alginate/carboxymethyl starch/κ-carrageenan enteric soft capsule: Processing, characterization, and rupture time evaluation.

Although gelatin has good characteristics in preparing soft capsules, its noticeable shortcomings force researchers to further develop substitutes for gelatin soft capsules. In this paper, sodium alginate (SA), carboxymethyl starch (CMS) and κ-carrageenan (κ-C) were used as matrix materials, and the formula of the co-blended solutions was screened through rheological method. In addition, films of the different blends were characterized by thermogravimetry analysis, SEM, FTIR, X-ray, water contact angle and mechanical properties. The results showed that κ-C had strong interaction with CMS and SA, and the mechanical properties of capsule shell were greatly improved by the addition of κ-C. When the ratio of CMS/SA/κ-C was 2:0.5:1.5, the microstructure of the films was more dense and uniform. In addition, this formula had the best mechanical properties and adhesion properties, and was more suitable for the production of soft capsules. Finally, a novel plant soft capsule was successfully prepared by dropping method, and its appearance and rupture properties met the requirements of enteric soft capsules. In simulated intestinal fluid, the soft capsules were almost completely degraded within 15 min, and they were superior to the gelatin soft capsules. Therefore, this study provides an alternative formula for preparing enteric soft capsules.

[Screening and identification of a bacterium capable of converting daidzein to S-equol].

OBJECTIVE: To screen and identify a bacterium capable of converting daidzein to S-equol. METHODS: We used antibiotics to limit unrelated bacterial growth and enrich the target bacteria, and isolated the aim bacterial strain from rat intestine. The metabolite of daidzein was tested by HPLC, MS and NMR. The taxonomic group of the strain was identified by 16S rDNA sequence analysis and phylogenetic tree; the strain's morphological and physiological biochemical characters were also tested. RESULTS: A gram-negative facultative bacterial strain LH-52 (JN861767) capable of transforming daidzein to S-equol was isolated. Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) search of LH-52's 16S rDNA sequence on GenBank suggested that this strain has 99% similarity to that of Proteus mirabilis, the morphological and physiological biochemical characteristics of LH-52 also showed highly similarity to P. mirabilis. Based on these data, we identified LH-52 as P. mirabilis, and named it as P. mirabilis LH-52. The results of HPLC, MS and NMR suggested that the metabolite of daidzien was S-equol. CONCLUSIONS: Bacteria strain P. mirabilis LH-52 was the first reported facultative bacteria strain capable of converting daidzein to S-equol, and might be more suitable in industrial application than obligate anareobic bacterial strains.

Preparation and intrinsic kinetics study of the scale-up production of hydroxypropyl agar by heterogeneous hydroxypropylation reaction.

Hydroxypropylation is effective in modifying the structure and properties of agar. So far, the industrial scale-up production of hydroxypropylated agar has not been evaluated. Therefore, the large-scale production of the hydroxypropylation of agar using a heterogeneous reaction system was evaluated in the present this study. The structures and properties of the hydroxypropyl agar (HPA) product were measured and the intrinsic kinetics of the heterogeneous reaction were determined and analyzed. The results showed that the large-scale HPA had good thermal stability, and lower viscosity, gelling temperature and melting temperature compared with those of agar. The SEM indicated that the improvement of solubility of HPA was not only due to the hydrophilic effect of hydroxypropyl group, but also due to the formation of cluster structure and grid structure. The characteristic of heterogeneous hydroxypropylation reaction were determined by preliminary kinetic experiments, which demonstrated that the reaction order of propylene oxide was 2, while that for agar was approximately 0. The reaction activation energy of heterogeneous hydroxypropylation reaction was calculated to be 83.50 kJ/mol using the Arrhenius formula. Taken together, the results would provide guidances for the industrialization of hydroxypropyl agar.

Self-healing polysaccharide-based injectable hydrogels with antibacterial activity for wound healing.

Because the wound is difficult to heal, repeated bacterial infection will lead to complex clinical problems. Therefore, it is necessary to find an effective method to strengthen the healing process and resist bacterial infection. Hydrogels have many advantages, such as injectability and self-healing under physiological conditions, so they have been widely studied in recent years. Hydrogels can keep the wound moist and promote the wound healing. In addition, the growth of bacteria can be obviously inhibited by hydrogels themself or by doping some antibacterial active substances. Based on this, herein, this review highlighted the preparation and properties of different polysaccharide-based injectable hydrogels, and discuss their biological applications in antibacterial therapy for wound healing in recent years.