[Effect of Laptm4b Deletion on Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells Homeostasis in Mice].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of lysosomal-associated protein transmembrane-4 Beta(Laptm4b) deletion on hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) homeostasis in mice. METHODS: The hematopoietic system specific Laptm4b-deficient mice were constructed. The number and proportion of HSPCs (LSK, LT, ST, MPP, etc) in Laptm4b-deficient mice were analyzed by flow cytometry. Single SLAM-HSC cell was sorted by flow sorter and cultured in vitro to measure the effect of Laptm4b deletion on the colony forming ability of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). The effect of Laptm4b-deficient on the reconstitution ability of HSCs in mice was detected by competitive transplantation experiment of SLAM-HSC cells. RESULTS: Laptm4b deficiency could moderately upregulate the proportion of T cells in the peripheral blood of the mice, but showed no significant effect on the proportion and number of HSPCs. Laptm4b deletion showed no effect on the reconstruction ability of HSCs after competitive transplantation, but it could inhibit the colony formation of HSCs in vitro. CONCLUSION: LAPTM4B may play a role in HSCs under the proliferation stress. Laptm4b-deficient in mice hematopoietic system showed no significant effect on the HSPCs homeostasis maintenance and reconstruction ability.

A single copy of large tumor suppressor 1 or large tumor suppressor 2 is sufficient for normal hematopoiesis.

BACKGROUND: Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have the ability to differentiate into all subsets of blood cells and self-renew. Large tumor suppressor 1 (LATS1) and large tumor suppressor 2 (LATS2) kinases are essential for cell cycle regulation, organism fitness, genome integrity, and cancer prevention. Here, we investigated whether Lats1 and Lats2 are critical for the maintenance of the self-renewal and quiescence capacities of HSCs in mice. METHODS: Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the expression levels of Lats1 and Lats2 in subsets of progenitor cells and mature bone marrow cells. A clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats system was used to generate Lats1 or Lats2 knockout mice. Complete blood cell counts were used to compare the absolute number of white blood cells, lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, and platelets between Lats1 or Lats2 heterozygotes and littermates. Flow cytometry was used to assess the size of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) and HSC pools in Lats1 or Lats2 heterozygotes and littermates. The comparison between the two groups was analyzed using Student's t test. RESULTS: Lats1 and Lats2 were widely expressed in hematopoietic cells with higher expression levels in primitive hematopoietic cells than in mature cells. Lats1 or Lats2 knockout mice were generated, with the homozygotes showing embryonic lethality. The size of the HPC and HSC pools in Lats1 (HPC: wild-type [WT] vs. heterozygote, 220,426.77 ±â€Š54,384.796 vs. 221,149.4 ±â€Š42,688.29, P = 0.988; HSC: WT vs. heterozygote, 2498.932 ±â€Š347.856 vs. 3249.763 ±â€Š370.412, P = 0.105) or Lats2 (HPC: WT vs. heterozygote, 425,540.52 ±â€Š99,721.86 vs. 467,127.8 ±â€Š89,574.48, P = 0.527; HSC: WT vs. heterozygote, 4760.545 ±â€Š1518.01 vs. 5327.437 ±â€Š873.297, P = 0.502) heterozygotes were not impaired. Moreover, the depletion of Lats1 or Lats2 did not affect the overall survival of the heterozygotes (Lats1: P = 0.654; Lats2: P = 0.152). CONCLUSION: These results indicate that a single allele of Lats1 or Lats2 may be sufficient for normal hematopoiesis.

Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 46 is essential for survival and proliferation of acute myeloid leukemia cell line but dispensable for normal hematopoiesis.

BACKGROUND: Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 46 (Zbtb46) is a transcription factor identified in classical dendritic cells, and maintains dendritic cell quiescence in a steady state. Zbtb46 has been reported to be a negative indicator of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We found that Zbtb46 was expressed at a relatively higher level in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) compared to mature cells, and higher in AML cells compared to normal bone marrow (BM) cells. However, the role of Zbtb46 in HSPCs and AML cells remains unclear. Therefore, we sought to elucidate the effect of Zbtb46 in normal hematopoiesis and AML cells. METHODS: We generated Zbtb46 and Zbtb46Mx1-Cre mice. The deletion of Zbtb46 in Zbtb46Mx1-Cre mice was induced by intraperitoneal injection of double-stranded poly (I). poly (C) (poly(I:C)), and referred as Zbtb46 cKO. After confirming the deletion of Zbtb46, the frequency and numbers of HSPCs and mature blood cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Serial intraperitoneal injection of 5-fluorouracil was administrated to determine the repopulation ability of HSCs from Zbtb46 and Zbtb46 cKO mice. The correlation between Zbtb46 expression and prognosis was analyzed using the data from the Cancer Genome Atlas. To investigate the role of Zbtb46 in AML cells, we knocked down the expression of Zbtb46 in THP-1 cells using lentiviral vectors expressing small hairpin RNAs targeting Zbtb46. Cell proliferation rate was determined by cell count assay. Cell apoptosis and bromodeoxyuridine incorporation were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The percentages and absolute numbers of HSPCs and mature blood cells were comparable in Zbtb46 cKO mice and its Zbtb46 littermates (Zbtb46vs. Zbtb46 cKO, HPC: 801,310 ±â€Š84,282 vs. 907,202 ±â€Š97,403, t = 0.82, P = 0.46; LSK: 86,895 ±â€Š7802 vs. 102,210 ±â€Š5025, t = 1.65, P = 0.17; HSC: 19,753 ±â€Š3116 vs. 17,608 ±â€Š3508, t = 0.46, P = 0.67). The repopulation ability of HSCs from Zbtb46Mx1-Cre mice was similar to those from Zbtb46 control (P = 0.26). Zbtb46 had elevated expression in AML cells compared to total BM cells from normal control. Knockdown of Zbtb46 in THP-1 cells led to a significant increase in cell apoptosis and reduced cell growth and proliferation. CONCLUSION: Collectively, our data indicate that Zbtb46 is essential for survival and proliferation of AML cells, but dispensable for normal hematopoiesis.

Resveratrol: Review on its discovery, anti-leukemia effects and pharmacokinetics.

Resveratrol, found in variety of plants, is a natural stilbene structure polyphenol. It has various pharmacological effects, such as antioxidation, anti-aging, anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, antiobesity, anti-diabetes, cardioprotection, neuroprotection. Recently, anti-leukemia activities of resveratrol has been studied extensively via its effects on a variety of biological processes involving cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy. Current treatments of leukemia mainly rely on intensive chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, however, these treatments are still with poor survival and high treatment-related mortality. Therefore, it is extremely needed to find relatively non-toxic medicines with minimal side effects but sufficient therapeutic efficacy. Resveratrol is one such potential candidate owing to its reported anti-leukemia effect. In this review, we summarized resveratrol's discovery, sources and isolation methods, administration methods, effects in different types of leukemia, pharmacokinetics and toxicities, aiming to exploit resveratrol as a potential drug candidate for anti-leukemia.