RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of non-steroidal, pure antiestrogenic benzopyran derivative i.e., 2-[piperidinoethoxyphenyl]-3-[4-hydroxyphenyl]-2H-benzo(b)pyran (K-1) on the growth of human endometrial cancer cells in vivo and in vitro and to elucidate its mechanism of action. METHODS: Cell proliferation was assayed by measuring the incorporation of 5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine in Ishikawa and primary endometrial cancer cells. The expression of proliferation and apoptotic markers was analyzed by immunoblotting. The effect of K-1 on GPR30-regulated proteins was analyzed by ELISA and by immunoblotting. Nude mice bearing subcutaneous implanted-Ishikawa tumors, were treated for 14days with K-1 (200µg/kg body weight/day/orally). The proliferation markers, GPR30-regulated proteins and apoptotic markers were analyzed by immunoblotting in tumor xenograft. The apoptotic effect of compound K-1 was determined by TUNEL assay. RESULTS: Compound K-1 inhibited proliferation of endometrial adenocarcinoma cells and decreased the expression of proliferation markers. It caused apoptosis by increasing the expression of apoptotic markers (NOXA, PUMAα) and reducing the expression of p-CREB and BclxL. Compound interfered with GPR30-regulated-EGFR activation, decreased p-ERK, p-c-jun, c-fos, cyclinD1 and c-myc expression. Treatment of tumor-bearing mice with K-1 resulted in a significant decrease in tumor volume and weight. Decreased expression of p-ERK and its downstream molecules and increased expression of apoptotic markers were observed in tumor in K-1 treated animals. CONCLUSION: Findings suggest the potent inhibitory effect of compound K-1 on endometrial cancer cellular growth (in-vitro) and on tumor size (in-vivo) which is mediated at least, in part, by interference with GPR30-signaling.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/tratamento farmacológico , Antineoplásicos Hormonais/farmacologia , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Benzopiranos/farmacologia , Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias do Endométrio/tratamento farmacológico , Piperidinas/farmacologia , Adenocarcinoma/metabolismo , Administração Oral , Animais , Antineoplásicos Hormonais/uso terapêutico , Apoptose/fisiologia , Benzopiranos/uso terapêutico , Western Blotting , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Esquema de Medicação , Neoplasias do Endométrio/metabolismo , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Receptores ErbB/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Marcação In Situ das Extremidades Cortadas , Camundongos , Camundongos Nus , Piperidinas/uso terapêutico , Receptores de Estrogênio/metabolismo , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/metabolismo , Resultado do Tratamento , Carga Tumoral/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
CONTEXT: Pathology changes the consistency of the tissues. OBJECTIVE: To prospectively assess the accuracy of per-abdominal US elastography in the form of acoustic radiation force impulse--virtual touch tissue quantification (ARFI-VTQ) and eSie touch elasticity imaging in characterizing and differentiating inflammatory pancreatic diseases. PATIENTS: One-hundred and 66 patients from among the patients that visited the Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India, during the period April 2009 to December 2010, for master health check-up, blood donation and those with pancreatic pathology. SETTING: Based on the clinical symptomatic criteria and diagnostic imaging findings, the patients were divided into normal, chronic and acute, or acute resolving, pancreatitis group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The ultrasound based ARFI-VTQ and eSie touch elasticity imaging techniques were applied. DESIGN: Prospective single-center study. RESULTS: The mean ARFI-VTQ values were 1.28 m/s, 1.25 m/s and 3.28 m/s for the normal, chronic and acute pancreas, respectively. The eSie touch gray scale and color elastograms were light gray and purple-greenish, respectively for both normal and chronic pancreas, while for acute pancreas the elastograms were dark black on the gray scale and orange to red on color scale. CONCLUSION: Both the ARFI-VTQ and eSie touch elasticity imaging techniques may be successfully adopted in order to diagnose acute pancreatitis, to assess extent of inflammation (whether focal or diffuse), to assess peripancreatic edema, to identify presence of necrotic areas and early pseudocyst formation, to early diagnose acute recurrent attacks and to monitor patient's response to treatment.
Assuntos
Técnicas de Imagem por Elasticidade/métodos , Pâncreas/diagnóstico por imagem , Pancreatite Crônica/diagnóstico , Pancreatite/diagnóstico , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Endometrial hyperplasia is a precursor to the most common gynecologic cancer diagnosed in women. Apart from estrogenic induction, aberrant activation of the Wnt/ß-catenin signal is well known to correlate with endometrial hyperplasia and its carcinoma. The benzopyran compound 2-(piperidinoethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2H-benzo (b) pyran(K-1), a potent antiestrogenic agent, has been shown to have apoptosis-inducing activity in rat uterine hyperplasia. The current study was undertaken to explore the effect of the benzopyran compound K-1 on growth and Wnt signaling in human endometrial hyperplasial cells. Primary culture of atypical endometrial hyperplasial cells was characterized by the epithelial cell marker cytokeratin-7. Results revealed that compound K-1 reduced the viability of primary endometrial hyperplasial cells and expression of ERα, PR, PCNA, Wnt7a, FZD6, pGsk3ß and ß-catenin without affecting the growth of the primary culture of normal endometrial cells. The ß-catenin target genes CyclinD1 and c-myc were also found to be reduced, whereas the expression of axin2 and Wnt/ß-catenin signaling inhibitor Dkk-1 was found to be upregulated, which caused the reduced interaction of Wnt7a and FZD6. Nuclear accumulation of ß-catenin was found to be decreased by compound K-1. K-1 also suppressed the pPI3K/pAkt survival pathway and induced the cleavage of caspases and PARP, thus subsequently causing the apoptosis of endometrial hyperplasial cells. In conclusion, compound K-1 suppressed the growth of human primary endometrial hyperplasial cells through discontinued Wnt/ß-catenin signaling and induced apoptosis via inhibiting the PI3K/Akt survival pathway.
Assuntos
Benzopiranos/toxicidade , Endométrio/efeitos dos fármacos , Flavonoides/toxicidade , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/metabolismo , Piperidinas/toxicidade , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Adulto , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Benzopiranos/química , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Regulação para Baixo/efeitos dos fármacos , Hiperplasia Endometrial/metabolismo , Hiperplasia Endometrial/patologia , Endométrio/citologia , Endométrio/metabolismo , Estradiol/farmacologia , Feminino , Flavonoides/química , Receptores Frizzled/química , Receptores Frizzled/metabolismo , Humanos , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/metabolismo , Potencial da Membrana Mitocondrial/efeitos dos fármacos , Piperidinas/química , Ligação Proteica , Proteínas Wnt/química , Proteínas Wnt/metabolismo , beta Catenina/metabolismoRESUMO
In an effort to develop novel therapeutic agents for endometrial cancer, benzopyran derivatives synthesized at our institute display significant inhibitory activity on cellular growth in uterine cancer cells. The current study was undertaken to demonstrate and explore the estrogen receptor (ER) subtype mediated mechanism of action of benzopyran derivative 2-[piperidinoethoxyphenyl]-3-[4-hydroxyphenyl]-2H-benzo(b) pyran (K-1) in human endometrial cancer cells. K-1 competitively inhibited the estradiol binding to human ERα and ERß and showed growth inhibitory activity in human endometrial Ishikawa, HEC1B and primary endometrial adenocarcinoma cells. Transient transactivation assays carried out in COS-1 cells have demonstrated the diminished ERα-ERE mediated- and induced the ERß-ERE mediated-transactivation triggered by compound. It also induced ER-mediated transactivation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CDKI) p21(WAF-1) in both COS-1 cells and in Ishikawa cells. ERß inducing effects of compound were blocked by ICI182,780. In endometrial adenocarcinoma cells, it induced ERß and p21 expression significantly whereas the expression of fos, jun and ERα were significantly reduced. In addition, compound promoted ERα-ß heterodimerization as observed in Ishikawa cells. These results demonstrate that the benzopyran compound suppressed the cellular growth via ERß agonism, induction of p21 and via promoting the ERα-ß heterodimerization, in addition to its antagonistic effects exerted on ERα, in human endometrial cancer cells. The study suggests that the dual action of benzopyran molecule may be of significant therapeutic value in ERα/ß-positive cases of endometrial cancer.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Benzopiranos/farmacologia , Inibidor de Quinase Dependente de Ciclina p21/metabolismo , Neoplasias do Endométrio/metabolismo , Receptor beta de Estrogênio/metabolismo , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptor alfa de Estrogênio/metabolismo , Receptor beta de Estrogênio/agonistas , Feminino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/genética , Humanos , Células Tumorais CultivadasRESUMO
Ficus deltoidea (Family Moraceae) leaves have been used traditionally by the Malays to treat ailments such as wounds, sores, and rheumatism. The aim of the present study was to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous extract of F. deltoidea leaf (FDA) using acute and chronic inflammatory models. FDA, in the doses of 30, 100, and 300 mg/kg, was administered intraperitoneally in rats (n = 6) before the animals were subjected to the carrageenan-induced paw edema test, cotton pellet-induced granuloma test, and formalin test. The first two tests represent acute and chronic models of inflammation, respectively. The first and second phases of the formalin test represent neurogenic pain and inflammatory-mediated pain, respectively; thus, only the second phase was measured in the present study. Results showed that FDA exerted significant (p < .05) anti-inflammatory activity in all assays, with dose-response effects seen in the paw edema and formalin tests. In conclusion, the leaf of F. deltoidea possesses anti-inflammatory activity against acute and chronic inflammatory responses and against pain-associated inflammatory response. These findings justify the traditional uses of F. deltoidea leaves for treatment of inflammatory-mediated ailments.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Ficus/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Animais , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Água/químicaRESUMO
The in vitro antiproliferative and antioxidant activities of the aqueous, chloroform and methanol extracts of Muntingia calabura leaves were determined in the present study. Assessed using the 3,(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) (MTT) assay, the aqueous and methanol extracts of M. calabura inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7, HeLa, HT-29, HL-60 and K-562 cancer cells while the chloroform extract only inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7, HeLa, HL-60 and K-562 cancer cells. Interestingly, all extracts of M. calabura, which failed to inhibit the MDA-MB-231 cells proliferation, did not inhibit the proliferation of 3T3 (normal) cells, indicating its safety. All extracts (20, 100 and 500 µg/ml) were found to possess antioxidant activity when tested using the DPPH radical scavenging and superoxide scavenging assays with the methanol, followed by the aqueous and chloroform, extract exhibiting the highest antioxidant activity in both assays. The total phenolic content for the aqueous, methanol and chloroform extracts were 2970.4 ± 6.6, 1279.9 ± 6.1 and 2978.1 ± 4.3 mg/100 g gallic acid, respectively. In conclusion, the M. calabura leaves possess potential antiproliferative and antioxidant activities that could be attributed to its high content of phenolic compounds, and thus, needs to be further explored.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/uso terapêutico , Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Elaeocarpaceae/química , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Fenóis/uso terapêutico , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/isolamento & purificação , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Compostos de Bifenilo/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Células HeLa , Humanos , Fenóis/isolamento & purificação , Fenóis/farmacologia , Fitoterapia , Picratos/metabolismo , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Folhas de PlantaAssuntos
Esôfago/cirurgia , Corpos Estranhos/cirurgia , Mucocele , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Adulto , Anastomose em-Y de Roux , Humanos , Jejunostomia , Jejuno/cirurgia , Masculino , Mucocele/diagnóstico por imagem , Mucocele/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/diagnóstico por imagem , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/cirurgia , Reoperação , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XAssuntos
Leucemia/complicações , Doenças da Boca/etiologia , Otorrinolaringopatias/etiologia , Doenças Respiratórias/etiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Leucemia/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Boca/patologia , Doenças da Boca/patologia , Otorrinolaringopatias/patologia , Sistema Respiratório/patologia , Doenças Respiratórias/patologiaRESUMO
The aqueous extract of Ficus deltoidea leaves was evaluated for possible antinociceptive activity in three models of nociception, namely, acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing, formalin and hot plate test. The results of the present study showed that intraperitoneal administration of the F. deltoidea leaves aqueous extract at the dose of 1, 50 and 100 mg/kg, 30 min prior to pain induction produced significant dose-dependent antinociceptive effect in all the models used, which indicating the presence of both central and peripherally mediated activities. Furthermore, the antinociceptive effect of the extract in the formalin and hot plate test was reversed by the non-selective opioid receptor antagonist naloxone suggesting that the endogenous opioid system is involved in its analgesic mechanism of action. Thus, the present results demonstrated that F. deltoidea leaves aqueous extract contains pharmacologically active constituents which possess antinociceptive activity justifying its popular therapeutic use in treating conditions associated with the painful conditions.