RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE) is a rare bilateral idiopathic interstitial pneumonia defined by pleural-parenchymal involvement. In clinical practice, we encountered patients with upper lung field pulmonary fibrosis (Upper-PF), which was radiologically consistent with PPFE, but apparently limited to the unilateral lung. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study was to clarify the clinical characteristics in those patients. METHODS: We examined the medical records of all the consecutive patients from 2012 to 2016 to see whether there were patients having unilateral Upper-PF. RESULTS: We found 6 patients with unilateral Upper-PF. The most common symptom was dyspnea, and all patients had a low body mass index and severe restrictive pulmonary impairment. Notably, all patients had a history of thoracotomy for resecting lung or esophageal cancer, and the lesions were limited to the operated side. Dynamic breathing chest MRI showed an impaired thoracic movement in the operated side. Serial chest CT from prethoracotomy to the first visit was obtained in 5 patients: before thoracotomy, only a slight apical cap, defined as a wedge- and triangle-shaped opacity with broad pleural contact, was observed only in the operated side, but progressed into the lesion after a median of 8.4 years following thoracotomy. After the first visit, the unilateral lesion rapidly deteriorated in all patients. CONCLUSIONS: Unilateral Upper-PF had some characteristics in common with PPFE. Because the lesion was limited to the operated side, unilateral Upper-PF would be a new disease entity related to thoracotomy. Our results indicate that thoracotomy impairs thoracic movement in the operated side and subsequently triggers unilateral Upper-PF development, especially in patients with an apical cap.
Assuntos
Fibrose Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagem , Fibrose Pulmonar/etiologia , Toracotomia/efeitos adversos , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
A 49-year-old man presented with palpitation and shortness of breath. He was seen to have a massive pleural and pericardial effusion on radiography and echocardiography. Computed tomography (CT) scanning showed that cardiac tumors arose from the right atrium with epicardial and endocardial extension. Pathology examination of samples at pericardiotomy revealed them to be angiosarcoma. Two days after the surgery, he developed left hemiparesis. CT scans showed a large cerebral hemorrhage on the right temporal lobe with midline shift by brain metastases. He died 37 days after the surgery. At autopsy, he had metastases in the brain, multiple bones, and soft tissues but no lung or left-side heart involvement. Primary cardiac angiosarcoma is rare, and mostly arises from the right side of the heart. Common metastatic sites are the lungs and liver. There are only a few reports of brain metastases. In conclusion, this is a rare report of cardiac angiosarcoma presenting with pericardial tamponade. There were rapid brain and multiple bone metastases but no lung or left-side heart lesions.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/complicações , Neoplasias Encefálicas/secundário , Tamponamento Cardíaco/etiologia , Hemorragia Cerebral/etiologia , Neoplasias Cardíacas/patologia , Hemangiossarcoma/patologia , Evolução Fatal , Neoplasias Cardíacas/complicações , Hemangiossarcoma/complicações , Hemangiossarcoma/secundário , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Adult-type aneurysms in the arterial duct are rare, and their spontaneous prognosis is poor. We performed surgical treatment of an aneurysm in the arterial duct in a 62-year-old male. The patient had had hoarseness since November 2003, and was referred to our hospital in March 2004. Thoracic CT and aortography demonstrated a sacciform aneurysm in the aorta in the distal arch region on the lesser curvature side. The patient was diagnosed as having an adult-type aneurysm in the nonpatent arterial duct, and underwent surgical treatment in April 2004. Thoracotomy in the fourth left intercostal space was performed up to the thoracic aorta, and a sacciform aneurysm, measuring 35 mm x 32 mm, was detected in the arterial duct. The recurrent laryngeal nerve adhering to the front surface of the aneurysm was overextended. Under partial extracorporeal circulation, the aneurysm was excised, and replaced by an artificial blood vessel. The postoperative course was satisfactory, and the patient was discharged from the hospital 14 days after surgery. The surgical outcome was good, and the hoarseness was improved. Taking possible complications into consideration, surgical treatment can be recommended in the early stage.
Assuntos
Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/cirurgia , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/diagnóstico , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/patologia , Implante de Prótese Vascular , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardiovasculares/métodos , Circulação Extracorpórea , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
The case was a Japanese man of 62 years old. A bulbar mass attached to mitral valve anterior leaflet was discovered in an echocardiography within detailed examination of ischemic heart disease accidentally. We diagnosed him as ischemic heart disease and doubt of heart tumor. We thought about the danger of future embolism, surgical treatment was decided. We dissected the tumor together with one chorda tendineae of mitral valve, and a performed aorta - coronary bypass surgery. We diagnosed the tumor as papillary fibroelastoma by pathological diagnosis. Papillary fibroelastoma is extremely rare with 7-9% of benign tumor of heart primary. Most of the papillary fibroelastoma is incidentally discovered by echocardiography or autopsy. Or it is discovered for systemic embolism. The tumor is benign, but there is a problem to cause embolism. Therefore, when we discovered papillary fibroelastoma, surgical resection of the tumor is the first-line therapy. A problem on surgical therapy is the range of resection area. Papillary fibroelastoma is benign tumor, but the pathological characteristic is still unidentified. Further epidemiological and pathological studies are necessary to determine the extent of surgical excision in associated with characteristics of papillary fibroelastoma.
Assuntos
Cordas Tendinosas/patologia , Fibroma/patologia , Neoplasias Cardíacas/patologia , Valva Mitral/patologia , Cordas Tendinosas/diagnóstico por imagem , Cordas Tendinosas/cirurgia , Ponte de Artéria Coronária , Ecocardiografia Transesofagiana , Fibroma/diagnóstico por imagem , Fibroma/cirurgia , Neoplasias Cardíacas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Cardíacas/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valva Mitral/diagnóstico por imagem , Valva Mitral/cirurgia , Músculos Papilares/diagnóstico por imagem , Músculos Papilares/patologiaRESUMO
The durability of the aortic valve after aortic root reconstruction by an aortic valve-sparing procedure is of particular concern because of the absence of the sinuses of Valsalva in the David type-I reimplantation method. Various improvements have been made to the David-I method. In particular, a new aortic root conduit with the sinuses of Valsalva was developed recently and is expected to improve the long-term follow-up results of the aortic valve-sparing procedures. We used a Valsalva graft in two patients with aortic root dilation accompanied by aortic regurgitation and obtained good short-term results.
Assuntos
Aneurisma Aórtico/cirurgia , Dissecção Aórtica/cirurgia , Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Seio Aórtico/cirurgia , Adulto , Dissecção Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagem , Aorta/diagnóstico por imagem , Aorta/cirurgia , Aneurisma Aórtico/diagnóstico por imagem , Valva Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagem , Aortografia , Doença Crônica , Ecocardiografia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica , Seio Aórtico/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomógrafos Computadorizados , Enxerto VascularRESUMO
To reconstruct the aortic root for aneurysm of the ascending aorta accompanied by aortic regurgitation, annuloaortic ectasia (AAE) and acute type-A dissection with root destruction, the Bentall operation using a prosthetic valve still is the standard procedure today. Valve-sparing procedures have actively been used for aortic root lesions, and have also been attempted in aortic root reconstruction for Marfan syndrome which may have abnormalities in the valve leaflets. We conducted a valve-sparing procedure in a female patient with Marfan syndrome who had AAE accompanied by type-A acute aortic dissection. The patient was a 37-year-old woman complaining of severe pain from the chest to the back. The limbs were long, and funnel breast was observed. Diastolic murmurs were heard. On chest computed tomography, a dissection cavity was present from the ascending aorta to the left common iliac artery, and the root dilated to 55 mm. Grade II aortic regurgitation was observed on ultrasound cardiography. Regarding her family history, her father had died suddenly at 54 years of age. She was diagnosed with type-A acute dissection concurrent with Marfan syndrome and AAE. The structure of the aortic valve was normal, and root reconstruction by a valve-sparing operation and total replacement of the aortic arch was conducted. On postoperative ultrasound cardiography, the aortic regurgitation was within the allowable range, and the shortterm postoperative results were good.
Assuntos
Aorta/cirurgia , Aneurisma Aórtico/cirurgia , Dissecção Aórtica/cirurgia , Insuficiência da Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Dilatação Patológica/cirurgia , Síndrome de Marfan/cirurgia , Adulto , Dissecção Aórtica/patologia , Aorta/patologia , Aneurisma Aórtico/patologia , Insuficiência da Valva Aórtica/etiologia , Dilatação Patológica/etiologia , Dilatação Patológica/patologia , Feminino , Próteses Valvulares Cardíacas , Humanos , Síndrome de Marfan/complicações , Síndrome de Marfan/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Marfan/patologia , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The aim of this study is to assess the early outcome of the surgical treatment of acute type-A aortic dissection using recent improvements in antegrade selective cerebral perfusion. This study included 38 patients who had undergone surgery for acute type-A aortic dissection from October 2003 through March 2006. The surgery results were evaluated in 2 groups: group A was composed of those who had undergone the surgery before the procedures of antegrade selective cerebral perfusion was changed in December 2004, and group B consisted of those who had the surgery after the change. Operations were performed with hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass, antegrade selective cerebral perfusion during the arch repair, and open distal anastomosis. Times to awakening after the surgery were 27.6±26.2 hours in group A and 19.8±22.3 hours in group B (p= 0.5). Intubation times were 8.55±7.09 days in group A and 5.11±2.56 days in group B (p=0.06). Permanent neurologic dysfunction was observed in 3 patients in group A and 1 in group B (p=0.6). Transient neurologic dysfunction was observed in 4 patients each in groups A and B (p=1). Mortality rates were 21.1% in group A and 10.5% in group B (p=0.65). There were no significant differences in mortality or morbidity between the two groups, but the intubation time tended to be shorter in group B.
Assuntos
Aneurisma Aórtico/cirurgia , Dissecção Aórtica/cirurgia , Ponte Cardiopulmonar/métodos , Doença Aguda , Idoso , Ponte Cardiopulmonar/efeitos adversos , Circulação Cerebrovascular , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Since February 2003, we have conducted surgical treatment on 8 patients complicated with chronic atrial fibrillation during cardiac surgery. A radial procedure was conducted on 7 patients, and pulmonary vein isolation was conducted on 1 patient. Underlying diseases included mitral regurgitation (MR) in 5 patients, mitral stenosis (MS) in 1 patient, aortic stenosis (AS) + MS in 1 patient and chronic type A dissociation in 1 patient. Simultaneous procedures included mitral valve plasty (MVP) in 3 patients, mitral valve replacement (MVR) in 3 patients, aortic valve replacement (AVR) + MVR in 1 patient, and aortic root reconstruction by reimplantation procedure + total arch replacement in 1 patient. The operation time was 320 to 840 minutes and 458.1± 171.1 minutes on average. The cardiopulmonary bypass time was 204 to 404 minutes and 266.7 ± 62.7 minutes on average. The aortic cross-clamp time was 142 to 271 minutes and 171± 41.5 minutes on average. One patient died in hospital. Six patients returned to sinus rhythm, and 1 patient required pacemaker implantation. The follow-up period was 2 to 37 months and 13.6 ± 15 months on average. When cryoablation was changed to radiofrequency ablation to assist preparation of the block line, a tendency toward shortening of the aortic clamping time was observed.
Assuntos
Fibrilação Atrial/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/métodos , Idoso , Ponte Cardiopulmonar , Ablação por Cateter/métodos , Criocirurgia/métodos , Evolução Fatal , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
We have conducted aortic valve replacement (AVR) using a stentless bioprosthesis (Medtronic Freestyle valve) on 10 patients with calcified aortic stenosis since March 2004. There were 64-84 years of age and 75 ± 5.5 years old on average, and included 4 males. Implantation was conducted by a modified subcoronary method in all the patients. The preoperative New York Heart Association class was class II in 80% of the patients. The preoperative left ventricular mass and the left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were 193.1-524.1 g and 144.1-299.5 g/m2 and, on average 328.4 ± 104.7 g and 217.3 ± 55.7 g/m2, respectively. The annulus dimension was 18-24 mm and, on average, 20.3 ± 1.7 mm. The size of implanted valve was 19-25 mm and, on average, 21 ± 2.2 mm. The maximum pressure gradient of the aortic valve remained at 14.2-46.5 mmHg, 25.2 ± 10.2 mmHg on average, 1 or 2 months after surgery, but the LVMI significantly improved to 153.2 ± 33.9 g/m2 (p = 0.018). The hospitalization period were 24.7 ± 16.9 days for all the patients and 19.3 ± 5.1 days for patients undergoing the AVR alone. These results show that LVMI is significantly reduced by using a stentless bioprosthesis in the early phase after surgery, and early discharge from hospital can be expected by concurrently using minimally invasive cardiac surgery.
Assuntos
Estenose da Valva Aórtica/patologia , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Calcinose/cirurgia , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/métodos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Valva Aórtica/patologia , Calcinose/patologia , Feminino , Próteses Valvulares Cardíacas , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Desenho de Prótese , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
A 67-year-old man underwent laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer in the lithotomy position. After surgery he complained of bilateral lower limb pain, swollen legs, and sensory disturbance. The serum creatine kinase value was 46 662 U/l. Venography demonstrated compression from outside without any obstruction. The T2 image of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a massive swollen muscle and a partial high-intensity area in the bilateral lower limbs. The posterior compartment pressures of lower legs were high (gastrocnemius muscle: 30 mmHg [right] and 44 mmHg [left]). Compartment syndrome (superficial posterior compartment) was thus diagnosed. He underwent a fasciotomy using the single dorsal approach and the administration of a large amount of fluid. He recovered well without any motor or sensory deficits. Compartment syndrome is rare, occurring only once in every 3500 cases, but it is a severe complication of surgery in the lithotomy position. Several risk factors have been pointed out: including prolonged operation, hardness of the operating table, obesity, dehydration, and hypothermia. To prevent compartment syndrome, appropriate positioning during surgery is therefore essential. To make a timely diagnosis and identify the precise location of muscle edema, the T2 image of MRI is useful.