Markers of Systemic Inflammation in Experimental Dyslipidemia Induced by P-407: Modulation with Fucoidan from Brown Alga Fucus evanescens.

The effect of sulfated polysaccharide from brown alga Fucus evanescens (fucoidan) administered via different routes (peroral and parenteral) on the dynamic of some lipid metabolism parameters and markers of systemic inflammation in mice with experimental dyslipidemia induced by prolonged administration of poloxamer P-407. It was found that fucoidan corrected the main parameters of lipid metabolism, reduced the level of endothelial dysfunction marker endothelin-1 and proinflammatory cytokines TNFα, IFNγ in blood serum in animals with experimental dyslipidemia. These findings open prospects for using fucoidan in the complex treatment of metabolic disorders and atherosclerotic inflammation.

Effects of S. officinalis L. radix triterpene glycosides on innate immunity factors.

The effects of triterpene glycosides (saponins) extracted from Saponaria officinalis L. radices, on the cellular and humoral innate immunity factors were studied. Saponins stimulated the phagocytic, bactericidal, and adhesion activities of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Optimal conditions of saponin treatment (dose and duration) were determined for mice. Saponins promoted the maturation of human peripheral blood dendritic cells, which was proven by high expression of CD83 (terminal differentiation marker) and CD86 (bone-stimulating molecule) and of HLA-DR and HLA-ABC molecules on the cell membrane. Saponins modulated the production of TNF-α, IL-1ß, IL-4, IL-6, and IFN-γ in cultured peripheral blood intact cells. The results help to understand some mechanisms of the effects of saponins extracted from Saponaria officinalis L. radix on the cellular and humoral factors of innate immunity and demonstrate good prospects of their practical use.

[Comparative study of immunomodulatory activity of peptides, tinrostim and thymalin].

The immunomodulatory activity of peptide drugs i.e. tinrostim (dosage form) prepared of squid optical ganglia and pharmacopoeia thymain was studied. Tinrostim showed a stimulating effect on the humoral and cellular nimmune responses when administered parenterally in experimental animals, as well as on the phagocytic activity of neutrophils, comparable to the effect of thymalin. It was demonstrated that both the peptide drugs increased the production of pro-(TNFa, IL-1) and antiinflammatory (IL- 10) cytokines in the culture of intact cells of peripheral blood in vitro. It is essential that when tinrostim was used in 10-fold different doses (0.005 mg / kg and 0.05 mg /kg) in mice, the effect of the lower dose was comparable to the effect of the higher dose.

[Evaluation of adjuvant effects of fucoidane from brown seaweed Fucus evanescens and its structural analogues for the strengthening vaccines effectiveness]. / Otsenka ad"iuvantnykh éffektov fukoidana iz buroi vodorosli Fucus evanescens i ego strukturnykh analogov dlia usileniia éffektivnosti vaktsin.

The use of sulfated polysaccharides from brown seaweed Fucus evanescens as adjuvants (native fucoidan in combination with polyphenols, fucoidan without polyphenols, a product of enzymatic hydrolysis of fucoidan) stimulated the formation of specific antibodies to the surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus (HBs-AG). Immunization of mice with vaccine compositions containing HBs-AG and fucoidan samples resulted in increasing the serum level of the pro-inflammatory (TNF-a, IFN-g, IL-2) cytokines. Increased production of these cytokines was detected in the culture of splenocytes additionally stimulated in vitro by fucoidans or phytohemagglutinin. The adjuvant effect of fucoidan and its structural modifications was comparable to that of the traditional licensed adjuvant aluminum hydroxide. The obtained results indicate a promising use of sulfated polysaccharides from F. evanescens as vaccine adjuvants.

[1,3;1,6-beta-D-glucan translam: results of studying and prospects for application]. / Itogi izucheniia i perspektivy primeneniia 1,3;1,6-beta-D-gliukana--translama.

The results of translam chemical structure and biological activity investigation are presented. Translam is a new original semisynthetic polysaccharide of marine origin. The preparation demonstrated potent treatment effect in experimental radiation disease. It had preventing effect at experimental bacterial infections, stimulated hematopoiesis, had effect on humoral and cell immunity and on factors of nonspecific organism resistance.

[The immunomodulating properties of translam]. / Immunomoduliruiushchie svoistva translama.

Effect of translam--beta-1,3;1,6-D-glucan on some of naturally occurring host protective mechanisms was investigated. It was shown that translam has potent biological activity: it has preventive effect on experimental bacterial infections, it stimulates absorbtion and digestion activity of mononuclear phagocytes, it effects on humoral and cell immunity. Translam had mitogenic activity.

[Immunotropic properties of exoglycan obtained from the marine micro-organism Vibrio alginolyticus]. / Immunotropnye svoistva ékzoglikana morskogo mikroorganizma Vibrio alginolyticus.

Immune system modulating activity of exoglycane isolated from culture media of Vibrio alginolyticus (strain 945-80) was investigated. The substance demonstrated stimulating activity on the humoral and cell immune system, potentiated phagocyte activity of macrophage and neutrophils, increased survival index of the animals infected by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

[Experimental study on the effect of low molecular DNA from salmon milt on hemopoiesis]. / Vliianie nizkomolekuliarnoi DNK iz molok lososevykh ryb na krovetvorenie v éksperimente.

Biological activity of low molecular DNA isolated from salmon milt was studied. When administered subcutaneously to mice with with acute experimental radiation disease in a course dose of 10 mg/kg, it showed a therapeutic effect, stimulated hemopoiesis, increased the survival rate and the average life span of the animals. Moreover, its marked effect on the humoral immunity was observed.