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1.
Nephron Clin Pract ; 121(3-4): c136-43, 2012.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23235469

RESUMO

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Renal manifestations have been described in ß-thalassemia major and were attributed to transfusional iron overload and chelation therapy. Patients with the milder phenotype, ß-thalassemia intermedia (TI), remain largely transfusion and iron chelation independent while enduring a chronic hemolytic anemia and primary iron overload. Data on renal function in patients with TI is lacking. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study of 50 TI patients, we evaluated the association of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urinary protein to creatinine (UPr/UCr) ratio with relevant patient, disease and laboratory indices. RESULTS: The median age of patients was 28 years (44% males). The eGFR was >90 ml/min/1.73 m(2) in all patients, with a median value of 142.3 ml/min/1.73 m(2). The median UPr/UCr ratio was 213.2 mg/g. There was a negative correlation between age and eGFR, while the UPr/UCr ratio correlated positively with markers of anemia, hemolysis and iron overload. A total of 24 (48%) patients had evidence of glomerular hyperfiltration, while 7 (14%) had proteinuria (UPr/UCr ratio >500 mg/g). Patients with proteinuria were characterized by elevated liver iron concentration (>7 mg Fe/g dry weight), non-transferrin-bound iron levels and nucleated red blood cell counts. CONCLUSIONS: A considerable proportion of TI patients show evidence of abnormally elevated eGFR, with a declining trend towards advancing age. The occurrence of proteinuria is associated with anemia, hemolysis and iron toxicity.


Assuntos
Taxa de Filtração Glomerular , Sobrecarga de Ferro/epidemiologia , Nefropatias/diagnóstico , Nefropatias/epidemiologia , Proteinúria/epidemiologia , Talassemia beta/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Comorbidade , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Sobrecarga de Ferro/sangue , Líbano/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Proteinúria/sangue , Medição de Risco , Adulto Jovem , Talassemia beta/diagnóstico
2.
J Med Liban ; 60(3): 142-7, 2012.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23198454

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The incidence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-KP) has been on the rise limiting oral treatment options. Fosfomycin was reported to be highly efficacious against these organisms, however, data is lacking in Lebanon and the Middle East. OBJECTIVE: To determine the in vitro activity of fosfomycin against ESBL and non-ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae uropathogens in Lebanon. METHODS: A total of 542 consecutive non-duplicate isolates of ESBL-producing E. coli (n = 374) and K. pneumoniae (n = 168), and 291 isolates of non-ESBL-producing E. coli (n = 236) and K. pneumoniae (n = 55) were recovered from urine specimens of patients tested at the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC) during 2010. Each isolate was tested against a battery of 13 antimicrobials by disk diffusion according to the guidelines of CLSI testing and result interpretation criteria. RESULTS: The fosfomycin susceptibility for ESBL-producing vs. non-ESBL-producing isolates was 86% vs. 97% for E. coli and 62% vs. 78% for K. pneumoniae. This activity of fosfomycin among ESBL-EC and ESBL-KP was generally higher than cefepime (26% & 30%), ciprofloxacin (24% & 41%), Trimeth/sulfa (26% & 19%), Pip/taz (75% and 45%), gentamicin (45% & 42%), and tobramycin (32% & 26%). On the other hand, higher activity against both species of ESBL-producing bacteria was shown by amikacin (96% & 79%) and imipenem (99.7% & 98.8%). Nitroflurantoin was highly active against ESBL-EC (95%) but not against ESBL-KP (29%). CONCLUSION: Fosfomycin shows good activity, being higher against ESBL-producing E. coli than K. pneumoniae uropathogens in Lebanon.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Infecções por Escherichia coli/tratamento farmacológico , Fosfomicina/farmacologia , Fosfomicina/uso terapêutico , Infecções por Klebsiella/tratamento farmacológico , Klebsiella pneumoniae/efeitos dos fármacos , Infecções Urinárias/tratamento farmacológico , Escherichia coli Uropatogênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Líbano , Masculino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Centros de Atenção Terciária
3.
J Neuroimmunol ; 293: 59-64, 2016 Apr 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27049563

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease affecting mostly young adult females with multifactorial etiology. Recent studies suggested that adequate vitamin D levels may lower the risk of developing MS. OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to explore the relationship between vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphism, HLA-DR locus genotype, and serum vitamins D and A levels in the Lebanese population. METHODS: Fifty MS patients were recruited for this study. The control group consisted of 48 healthy and 51 patients with other neurological disorders (non-MS). Biochemical analysis included serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and vitamin A. Molecular analysis targeted VDR genotypes (ApaI, TaqI and BsmI) and low resolution HLA typing for DRB1 locus. RESULTS: Healthy and non-MS groups had comparable parameters and were combined into one control group. No significant differences were found between MS and control groups for VDR genotypes. The frequency of HLA-DRB1*15 was significantly higher in MS patients (22%) compared to controls (8%) (p=0.018). Odds ratio for MS in the presence of DRB1*15 allele was 3.21 (p=0.018). Cosegregation with A (ApaI) and b (BsmI) alleles did not influence the risk for MS. 25OHD levels were significantly higher in MS patients compared to controls (p=0.002), due to more frequent oral supplementation (p=0.005). Vitamin A levels were comparable between the two groups. When all parameters were included in a logistic regression model adjusted for supplementation, only HLA-DRB1*15 (OR=3.42; p=0.027) contributed significantly to MS risk. CONCLUSION: There was no association between serum vitamin D or A or VDR genotypes and MS. HLA-DRB1*15 was the major factor imposing more than 3 folds greater risk for developing MS among Lebanese.


Assuntos
Predisposição Genética para Doença , Antígenos HLA-DR/genética , Esclerose Múltipla/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , Receptores de Calcitriol/genética , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Genótipo , Humanos , Líbano , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Esclerose Múltipla/sangue , Projetos Piloto , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Vitamina A/sangue , Vitamina D/sangue , Adulto Jovem
4.
Acta Trop ; 125(1): 115-8, 2013 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23022355

RESUMO

Halzoun syndrome typically manifests in the form of an allergic pharyngitis following the consumption of raw or undercooked ovine liver. First described in Lebanon in 1905, it was initially attributed to Fasciola hepatica, while later publications have attributed it to other pathogens. There has been no definitive documentation of the pathogen causing the Lebanese Halzoun syndrome. The aim of our study was to identify the parasite responsible for the pathogenesis of the Lebanese Halzoun syndrome. 32 patients with typical clinical symptoms of Halzoun syndrome were recruited in the emergency room at our hospital from 2005 to 2007. One parasite was isolated from a patient's expectorations, and two others were isolated from pieces of a raw sheep liver retrieved from the patients' dishes. A piece of infected goat liver intended for consumption was also collected from a local butcher. All parasites were examined microscopically for identification. All patients presented with immune allergic-like symptoms of the eyes, ears, nose, or throat. All collected parasites were identified as Dicrocoelium dendriticum. Our study has identified D. dendriticum, rather than Linguatula serrata or F. hepatica, as the prime suspect in the pathogenesis of the Lebanese Halzoun syndrome.


Assuntos
Dicrocelíase/patologia , Dicrocelíase/parasitologia , Dicrocoelium/patogenicidade , Hipersensibilidade/patologia , Hipersensibilidade/parasitologia , Faringite/patologia , Faringite/parasitologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Animais , Dicrocoelium/anatomia & histologia , Feminino , Microbiologia de Alimentos , Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos/etiologia , Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos/parasitologia , Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos/patologia , Humanos , Hipersensibilidade/etiologia , Líbano , Fígado/parasitologia , Masculino , Microscopia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Faringite/etiologia , Adulto Jovem
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