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Objectives: The objective of this study was to analyze the available evidence on the performance of increase in temperature of sodium hypochlorite on its antimicrobial efficacy and tissue dissolution property. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines, and a modified Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool was used for quality assessment of the included studies. Two reviewers independently performed an electronic search in four databases along with the reference lists of the included articles. Results: This systematic review included a total of 12 studies: antimicrobial efficacy (n = 6) and tissue dissolution property (n = 6). For the studies that were chosen, the overall risk of bias was moderate. Quantitative assessment through meta-regression was performed for tissue dissolution property. Low-concentration sodium hypochlorite irrigant (≤3%) shows a 0.13-unit times increase in tissue dissolution ability with a degree rise in temperature although not statistically significant. Conclusion: Due to inconsistency in the study parameters, results pertaining to the exclusive effect of increase in the temperature of sodium hypochlorite remain inconclusive.
RESUMO
AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of triple antibiotic paste (TAP), calcium hydroxide, and Odontopaste which are used as intracanal medicaments against Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutants, and Staphylococcus aureus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Antibiotic sensitivity testing was done using agar well diffusion method of the following intracanal medicaments: Group 1: TAP (Ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, and doxycycline mixed in a ratio of 1:1:1; Group 2: Calcium hydroxide paste; Group 3: Odontopaste; Group 4: Sterile saline (0.9%) as a negative control. Each medicament was tested against E. faecalis, S. mutants, and S. aureus. The maximum zone of inhibition was noted by diameter size (mm) and analyzed with one-way ANOVA. RESULTS: TAP showed the highest zone of inhibition. There is no significant difference between Odontopaste and calcium hydroxide against E. faecalis and S. aureus. There is a significant difference between TAP, Odontopaste, and calcium hydroxide against S. mutants. The order of the highest zone of inhibition is TAP > Odontopaste>Calciumhydroxide. CONCLUSION: With in the limitations of the study, TAP had better antibacterial activity against E. faecalis, S. mutants, and S. aureus followed by odontopaste and calcium hydroxide, Hence, Odontopaste can be used as an alternative for calcium hydroxide in the infected root canal.
RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Pain of endodontic origin is of concern to both the patient and the clinician. Expectation of a painful experience can increase the patient's anxiety levels, making treatment more difficult. Management of endodontic pain is one of the challenging aspects in endodontics. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether the intraligamentary mode of administration of diclogfenac sodium is effective in abating endodontic pain during interappointment visits. AIM: The purpose of this clinical trial is to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of diclofenac sodium administered through oral and intraligamentary routes in reducing postendodontic pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients were randomly allocated into three groups. Group A - placebo (Vitamin B12), Group B - diclofenac sodium (intraligamentary), and Group C - diclofenac sodium tablets. The tablets were given 30 min before the start of the procedure, while the intraligamentary injection was administered before commencing the endodontic procedure. The visual analog scale was used to evaluate the pain score at baseline and 6, 12, 24, and 48 h postoperatively. RESULTS: Prophylactic intraligamentary injection of diclofenac sodium was found to be highly effective in reducing postendodontic pain than the oral route of administration. CONCLUSION: In patients with low pain threshold, intraligamentary route of administration is effective in controlling pain of endodontic origin postoperatively.