RESUMO
AIM: To compare the image quality of computed tomography angiography (CTA) reconstructed by sinogram-affirmed iterative reconstruction (SAFIRE) with that of advanced modelled iterative reconstruction (ADMIRE) in children with congenital heart disease (CHD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-one children (8.23±13.92 months) with CHD who underwent CTA were enrolled. Images were reconstructed using SAFIRE (strength 5) and ADMIRE (strength 5). Objective image qualities (attenuation, noise) were measured in the great vessels and heart chambers. Two radiologists independently calculated the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) by measuring the intensity and noise of the myocardial walls. Subjective noise, diagnostic confidence, and sharpness at the level prior to the first branch of the main pulmonary artery were also graded by the two radiologists independently. RESULTS: The objective image noise of ADMIRE was significantly lower than that of SAFIRE in the right atrium, right ventricle, and myocardial wall (p<0.05); however, there were no significant differences observed in the attenuations among the four chambers and great vessels, except in the pulmonary arteries (p>0.05). The mean CNR values were 21.56±10.80 for ADMIRE and 18.21±6.98 for SAFIRE, which were significantly different (p<0.05). In addition, the diagnostic confidence of ADMIRE was significantly lower than that of SAFIRE (p<0.05), while the subjective image noise and sharpness of ADMIRE were not significantly different (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: CTA using ADMIRE was superior to SAFIRE when comparing the objective and subjective image quality in children with CHD.
Assuntos
Angiografia por Tomografia Computadorizada/métodos , Cardiopatias Congênitas/diagnóstico por imagem , Coração/diagnóstico por imagem , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Algoritmos , Pré-Escolar , Átrios do Coração/diagnóstico por imagem , Ventrículos do Coração/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
The temperature (T) dependence of the optical conductivity spectra σ(ω) of a single crystal SrRuO(3) thin film is studied over a T range from 5 to 450 K. We observed significant T dependence of the spectral weights of the charge transfer and interband d-d transitions across the ferromagnetic Curie temperature (T(c) â¼ 150 K). Such T dependence was attributed to the increase in the Ru spin moment, which is consistent with the results of density functional theory calculations. T scans of σ(Ω,T) at fixed frequencies Ω reveal a clear T(2) dependence below T(c), demonstrating that the Stoner mechanism is involved in the evolution of the electronic structure. In addition, σ(Ω,T) continues to evolve at temperatures above T(c), indicating that the local spin moment persists in the paramagnetic state. This suggests that SrRuO(3) is an intriguing oxide system with itinerant ferromagnetism.
RESUMO
The objective of this study was to investigate sensory evaluations and their relationships with meat quality measurements and histochemical characteristics in both fresh and cooked pork. Based on the results, postmortem meat quality traits were closely related to almost all the evaluated sensory attributes. With regard to histochemical characteristics, muscle fiber area was related to both fresh- (r=0.18, P<0.05) and cooked-meat color (r=-0.24, P<0.01) as well as abnormal flavor intensity (r=0.25, P<0.01), and muscle fiber composition was associated with fresh pork color and taste acceptability after cooking. There were no significant relationships (P>0.05) between type IIa muscle fiber content and the evaluated sensory attributes; however, good meat sensory quality was partially explained by the percentage of type I fiber.
RESUMO
This study sought to characterize the reduced glutathione (GSH)/oxidized GSSG ratio during osteoclast differentiation and determine whether changes in the intracellular redox status regulate its differentiation through a RANKL-dependent signaling pathway. A progressive decrease of the GSH/GSSG ratio was observed during osteoclast differentiation, and the phenomenon was dependent on a decrease in total glutathione via downregulation of expression of the gamma-glutamylcysteinyl synthetase modifier gene. Glutathione depletion by L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (BSO) was found to inhibit osteoclastogenesis by blocking nuclear import of NF-kappaB and AP-1 in RANKL-propagated signaling and bone pit formation by increasing BSO concentrations in mature osteoclasts. Furthermore, intraperitoneal injection of BSO in mice resulted in an increase in bone density and a decrease of the number of osteoclasts in bone. Conversely, glutathione repletion with either N-acetylcysteine or GSH enhanced osteoclastogenesis. These findings indicate that redox status decreases during osteoclast differentiation and that this modification directly regulates RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis.
Assuntos
Diferenciação Celular/fisiologia , Núcleo Celular/metabolismo , Osteoclastos/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Transporte Ativo do Núcleo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Butionina Sulfoximina/farmacologia , Proteínas de Transporte/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular , Núcleo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Glutamato-Cisteína Ligase/genética , Glutamato-Cisteína Ligase/metabolismo , Glutationa/metabolismo , Dissulfeto de Glutationa/metabolismo , Immunoblotting , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/farmacologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Microscopia Confocal , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Osteoblastos/citologia , Osteoblastos/metabolismo , Osteoclastos/citologia , Oxirredução/efeitos dos fármacos , Ligante RANK , Receptor Ativador de Fator Nuclear kappa-B , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Fator de Transcrição AP-1/metabolismoRESUMO
Although everolimus, a mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor, has been used as a potent immunosuppressive agent in organ transplantation, data regarding its adverse effect profile compared with that of sirolimus in clinical circumstances are limited. A 50-year-old man who underwent simultaneous liver and kidney transplantation 14 months previously was admitted with large pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, and ascites. Laboratory findings and cultures for possible infectious causes were all negative. Pericardial window surgery with drainage of the pericardial fluid was performed on day 3. Pleural and pericardial biopsy revealed non-specific inflammation without evidence of malignant cells. Everolimus was discontinued and replaced by mycophenolate mofetil on day 4. Significant clinical improvement was observed after discontinuation of everolimus, and follow-up echocardiography and chest radiography showed no recurrence of the pericardial or pleural effusion after discharge.
Assuntos
Everolimo/efeitos adversos , Rejeição de Enxerto/prevenção & controle , Imunossupressores/efeitos adversos , Transplante de Rim , Transplante de Fígado , Derrame Pericárdico/induzido quimicamente , Derrame Pleural/induzido quimicamente , Serosite/induzido quimicamente , Ascite/induzido quimicamente , Nefropatias Diabéticas/complicações , Drenagem , Ecocardiografia , Humanos , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Falência Renal Crônica/etiologia , Falência Renal Crônica/cirurgia , Cirrose Hepática Alcoólica/cirurgia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Derrame Pericárdico/diagnóstico por imagem , Pericardite/induzido quimicamente , Pericardite/diagnóstico por imagem , Pericardite/patologia , Derrame Pleural/diagnóstico por imagem , Pleurisia/induzido quimicamente , Pleurisia/diagnóstico por imagem , Pleurisia/patologia , Prednisolona/uso terapêutico , Serosite/diagnóstico por imagem , Serosite/patologia , Tacrolimo/uso terapêutico , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
Multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA) is produced by reverse transcriptase (RT) and is mutagenic in E. coli. In order to study the interaction between msDNA and RT, an RT open reading frame of retron EC83 was fused with maltose binding protein. The fusion protein, MBP-RT, was active in msDNA synthesis. The msDNA was copurified with MBP-RT by amylose affinity column. When purified msDNA was mixed with MBP-RT, the msDNA formed a complex with the fusion protein. These results show that msDNA is present as a complex with RT in vivo and it is able to form such a complex in vitro. We suggest that RT may compete with MutS protein for binding to msDNA and thereby controls mutagenesis by msDNA.
Assuntos
Transportadores de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP , Adenosina Trifosfatases , DNA de Cadeia Simples/genética , DNA de Cadeia Simples/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA , Proteínas de Escherichia coli , Proteínas de Transporte de Monossacarídeos , RNA Bacteriano/genética , RNA Bacteriano/metabolismo , DNA Polimerase Dirigida por RNA/genética , DNA Polimerase Dirigida por RNA/metabolismo , Retroelementos/genética , Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo , Ligação Competitiva , Proteínas de Transporte/genética , Proteínas de Transporte/metabolismo , Escherichia coli/genética , Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Maltose/metabolismo , Proteínas Ligantes de Maltose , Proteína MutS de Ligação de DNA com Erro de Pareamento , Fases de Leitura Aberta , Ligação Proteica , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusão/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusão/metabolismoRESUMO
The intracellular level of the NAD+/NADH ratio plays a vital role in sustaining and coordinating the catabolic reaction of the cell, and reflects the redox state of cytosol. Antioxidants play a role to protect cytosol and membrane from free radicals. This role of antioxidants involves sustaining cell viability and the procedure is thought to be regulated by the equilibrium of the redox state of the cell. However, there is very little known about how the NAD+/NADH level is set and changed. To alter the ratio, human NAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (cGPDH) cDNA was transfected stably in CHO dhfr- cells. When compared to parental CHO cells, cGPDH activities of the transfected cells were increased 8-12 fold, but the NAD+/NADH ratio was decreased. Specific growth rate of the transfected cells was similar to or slight lower than that of wild type CHO cells. Cell viability of the stable transformants against H2O2 was increased without change of either catalase or glutathione peroxidase activity. However, the increase of cell viability was correlated with the decrease of NAD+/NADH ratio in transfectants. From these results, it is suggested that the overexpression of cGPDH changes the NAD+/NADH ratio toward a decrease, and by this change in the redox state the cell confers more resistance against H2O2.
Assuntos
Citosol/enzimologia , Glicerolfosfato Desidrogenase/metabolismo , Glicerolfosfato Desidrogenase/farmacologia , NAD/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo/fisiologia , Animais , Células CHO , Catalase/metabolismo , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Cricetinae , Glutationa Peroxidase/metabolismo , Humanos , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/farmacologia , L-Lactato Desidrogenase/metabolismo , Fígado/enzimologia , Oxidantes/farmacologia , Plasmídeos/metabolismo , Fatores de Tempo , TransfecçãoRESUMO
Diarylheptanoids, (5S)-1,7-bis-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxyheptane-3-one (1, hirsutanonol), (5S)-1,7-bis-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-heptane-3-one-5-O-beta-D-xylopyranosi de (2, oregonin), (5R)-1,7-bis-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-heptane-5-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside (3), and (5R)-1,7-bis-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-heptane-5-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4) were isolated from the leaves of Alnus hirsuta Turcz. The structures of these compounds were identified based on the spectral and physicochemical data.
Assuntos
Plantas Medicinais/química , Coreia (Geográfico) , Espectroscopia de Ressonância MagnéticaRESUMO
Oyster mushroom spherical virus (OMSV) and oyster mushroom isometric virus (OMIV) are the causative agents of a fruiting body deformation disease in the edible mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus. The curing of these mycoviruses was facilitated by a serial transfer of infected mycelia onto a limited nutrient medium containing 1mM of cAMP and 75 µg/ml of rifamycin (cAMP-rifamycin plate). The mycelia were grown on cAMP-rifamycin plates for 5 successive passages. ELISA and RT-PCR showed that the amount of mycoviruses inside the mycelia decreased significantly with increasing numbers of passages. The mycelia became free of viruses after 5 successive passages. Cultivation of the virus-cured mycelia on a mushroom compost medium produced a normal harvest, whereas the spawn infected with viruses failed to produce any fruiting bodies.
Assuntos
Antivirais/metabolismo , Meios de Cultura/química , AMP Cíclico/metabolismo , Micologia/métodos , Pleurotus/virologia , Rifamicinas/metabolismo , Vírus/isolamento & purificação , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/métodos , Pleurotus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa/métodosRESUMO
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: No prospective study on the long-term effects of gastric resection on gastrointestinal hormonal changes in patients with normal body weight has been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the 1-year effect of subtotal gastrectomy on ghrelin and peptide YY (PYY)(3-36) levels. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Eighteen patients with early gastric cancer underwent subtotal gastrectomy with Billroth I reconstruction. We assessed appetite, food intake, body composition, and ghrelin and PYY(3-36) levels preoperatively and 1 year after surgery. RESULTS: There were no significant difference in the preoperative daily food intake and 1 year after subtotal gastrectomy. Weight loss occurred in all study subjects; 11.7% (n=2), 55.5% (n=10) and 33.3% (n=6) of the patients lost <5%, 5-10% and >10% of their preoperative body weight, respectively. Body mass index, waist circumference and body fat significantly decreased 1 year after subtotal gastrectomy. There were no significant differences in the appetite visual analogue scale preoperatively and 1 year after subtotal gastrectomy. The plasma ghrelin concentration decreased significantly (P=0.006), whereas PYY(3-36) did not show a significant change 1 year after subtotal gastrectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Ghrelin levels and body fat decreased significantly, whereas PYY(3-36) levels as well as appetite and food intake did not change significantly 1 year after subtotal gastrectomy with normal body weight. These findings suggest that decreased ghrelin might contribute directly to reduced body fat.
Assuntos
Apetite , Ingestão de Energia , Gastrectomia , Grelina/sangue , Peptídeo YY/sangue , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/sangue , Tecido Adiposo , Idoso , Índice de Massa Corporal , Feminino , Humanos , Peso Corporal Ideal , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Medição da Dor , Distribuição de Poisson , Estudos Prospectivos , Tempo , Circunferência da Cintura , Redução de PesoRESUMO
The objective was to examine the relationship of trained panel sensory scores of cooked pork with fatty acid composition, muscle fiber type, and meat quality characteristics from Berkshire pigs. No or few associations were found between the panel sensory scores of cooked meat, especially tenderness attributes, and fatty acid composition; however, intramuscular fat content positively correlated with off-flavor score (r=0.31). On the other hand, the morphological characteristics of muscle fibers were correlated with panel sensory values. Muscles with smaller cross-sectional area and higher density of fibers were more closely associated with softer, more tender panel scores and a lower number of chews than muscles with larger fiber area and lower density of fibers. The water holding capacity test of filter-paper fluid uptake was moderately correlated with panel scores of softness (r=0.33), initial tenderness (r=0.38), chewiness (r=0.40), juiciness (r=-0.27), flavor intensity (r=-0.23), and off-flavor (r=0.30). Panel sensory values of Berkshire pig meat was moderately related to postmortem meat quality, especially water holding capacity. A more thorough understanding of the relationships between fatty acid composition and muscle fiber type with palatability is needed.
Assuntos
Tecido Adiposo/química , Ácidos Graxos/análise , Carne/normas , Fibras Musculares Esqueléticas , Paladar , Animais , Humanos , Mastigação , Carne/análise , Fibras Musculares Esqueléticas/química , Mudanças Depois da Morte , Suínos , ÁguaRESUMO
Two known diarylheptanoids, oregonin (1), (5S)-1,7-bis-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-heptane-3-one-5-O-beta-D-xylopyranosi de and hirsutanonol (2), (5S)-1,7-bis-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxyheptane-3-one isolated from the bark of Alnus hirsuta var. sibirica, showed significant inhibitory effects on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in immortalized human breast epithelial MCF10A cells.