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INTRODUCTION: Melanoma is a malignant tumour and is the leading cause of death in patients with skin tumours. AIM: Kaempferol belongs to a class of flavonoids, and is associated with many biological functions such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation and anti-cancer. However, the inhibitory effect of kaempferol on melanoma still remains unclear. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The effect of kaempferol on melanoma was determined by conducting both in vitro and in vivo experiments using MTT assay and flow cytometry. RESULTS: The in vitro results revealed that kaempferol obviously inhibited cell viability of melanoma B16 cells, induced cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis. The in vivo results showed that kaempferol effectively inhibited the growth of mice xenografts. More importantly, kaempferol down-regulated the number of MDSC cells and up-regulated the number of NKT cells and CD8 T cells in the spleen. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, these findings indicate that kaempferol might play an inhibitory role in the growth of melanoma by enhancing anti-tumour immunity of organisms.
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BACKGROUND: Syphilis serofast has been increasing in recent years and has resulted in a dramatic increase in medical expenses. However, there are not effective methods for serofast prediction in syphilis patients prior to treatment. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The present study investigated novel serum biomarkers for the prediction of serofast in syphilis patients prior to treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pre-treatment serum from patients with syphilis serofast and patients with syphilis serological cure were measured using antibody microarrays. The results generated from the antibody arrays were validated using ELISA. Healthy subjects were used as the controls. RESULTS: Compared to serologically cured patients, six cytokines (IL-17F, TNF RI, TNF RII, IL-16, OPN, and MCSFR) were significantly lower, while five factors (MCP-3, LIF, G-CSF, MIP-3a, and GH) were higher in serofast patients. ELISA validation was in-line with the results generated from antibody arrays. Of significance, these cytokines were firstly observed to the differentially expressed in pre-treatment serofast patient serum samples. CONCLUSIONS: The differentially expressed cytokines may be novel serum biomarkers for serofast prediction. These identified proteins play significant roles in the immune response, suggesting immune dysfunction may be the cause for syphilis serofast.
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Sífilis , Biomarcadores , Citocinas , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Humanos , Sífilis/diagnóstico , Sorodiagnóstico da SífilisRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To detect mutation of ADAR1 gene in a family affected with dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria. METHODS: Clinical data and blood samples of the family were collected. Potential mutation of the ADAR1 gene were scanned in 3 patients and 3 unaffected members by PCR amplification and direct sequencing. The coding sequences of the ADAR1 were also screened in 50 normal controls. RESULTS: A frameshift mutation (c.2252insG) of the ADAR1 gene was identified in all of the 3 patients. The same mutation was not found in the 3 unaffected members and 50 normal cases. CONCLUSION: The frameshift mutation of ADAR1 gene (c.2252insG) is probably responsible for the disease in this family.
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Adenosina Desaminase/genética , Mutação da Fase de Leitura , Transtornos da Pigmentação/congênito , Proteínas de Ligação a RNA/genética , Adulto , Sequência de Bases , Criança , China , Análise Mutacional de DNA , Éxons , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Linhagem , Transtornos da Pigmentação/enzimologia , Transtornos da Pigmentação/genética , Mutação PuntualRESUMO
Cerebral syphilitic gumma is very rare and is often pathologically confirmed following surgery. This study reports three patients with cerebral syphilitic gumma. The first case was a 62-year-old man who was admitted to our hospital due to speech arrest for 10 hours. Head MRI showed a nodular signal shadow with a significant enhancement and a significant centerline shift. He subsequently received surgery, and cerebral syphilitic gumma was confirmed by postoperative pathology. The second patient was a 66-year-old man who was admitted to our hospital due to complaints of gradually decreasing right eye vision and headache for nearly 50 days. Enhanced MRI at admission indicated irregular clumping of high-signal mixed with low-signal foci on the frontal lobe. Subsequently, he was operatively treated and was confirmed to have cerebral syphilitic gumma by postoperative pathology. The third patient was a 37-year-old man who was admitted to our hospital due to dizziness for approximately 15 days. Head MRI indicated a slightly abnormal lamellar and longer T1, T2 signal shadow on the left side. He did not receive surgery, and his symptoms disappeared after anti-syphilitic treatment. Hence, we recommend a critical interpretation of preoperative imaging data, understanding the unique changes that arise in the brain that can be detected through imaging, and an analysis of the patient history and laboratory tests to re-evaluate the value of surgery, with the ultimate goal of performing a stabilizing treatment for cerebral syphilitic gumma.
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This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7793.
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Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have reproducibly associated â¼40 susceptibility loci with psoriasis. However, the missing heritability is evident and the contributions of coding variants have not yet been systematically evaluated. Here, we present a large-scale whole-exome array analysis for psoriasis consisting of 42,760 individuals. We discover 16 SNPs within 15 new genes/loci associated with psoriasis, including C1orf141, ZNF683, TMC6, AIM2, IL1RL1, CASR, SON, ZFYVE16, MTHFR, CCDC129, ZNF143, AP5B1, SYNE2, IFNGR2 and 3q26.2-q27 (P<5.00 × 10(-08)). In addition, we also replicate four known susceptibility loci TNIP1, NFKBIA, IL12B and LCE3D-LCE3E. These susceptibility variants identified in the current study collectively account for 1.9% of the psoriasis heritability. The variant within AIM2 is predicted to impact protein structure. Our findings increase the number of genetic risk factors for psoriasis and highlight new and plausible biological pathways in psoriasis.
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Povo Asiático/genética , Psoríase/genética , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transporte Vesicular/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Proteínas Ricas em Prolina do Estrato Córneo/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Exoma/genética , Feminino , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Humanos , Proteínas I-kappa B/genética , Proteína 1 Semelhante a Receptor de Interleucina-1 , Subunidade p40 da Interleucina-12/genética , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intracelular/genética , Masculino , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Metilenotetra-Hidrofolato Redutase (NADPH2)/genética , Proteínas dos Microfilamentos/genética , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Menor , Inibidor de NF-kappaB alfa , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/genética , Proteínas Nucleares/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Receptores de Detecção de Cálcio/genética , Receptores de Superfície Celular/genética , Receptores de Interferon/genética , Serina Endopeptidases/genética , Transativadores/genética , Adulto JovemRESUMO
We report the first large genome-wide association study (GWAS) in a Chinese population to identify susceptibility variants for psoriasis using a two-stage case-control design. In the first stage, we carried out a genome-wide association analysis in 1,139 cases and 1,132 controls of Chinese Han ancestry using Illumina Human 610-Quad BeadChips. In the second stage, we took top SNPs forward for replication in two independent samples of 5,182 cases and 6,516 controls of Chinese Han ancestry, and 539 cases and 824 controls of Chinese Uygur ancestry. In addition to the strong replication for two known susceptibility loci MHC (rs1265181, P = 1.93 x 10(-208), OR = 22.62) and IL12B (rs3213094, P(combined) = 2.58 x 10(-26), OR = 0.78), we identified a new susceptibility locus within the LCE gene cluster on 1q21 (rs4085613, P(combined) = 6.69 x 10(-30), OR = 0.76).