Theoretical derivation and clinical validation of the resolution limit of human eye to spherical lens change: a self-controlled study.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to deduce theoretically and verify the resolution limit of human eye to spherical lens change for more reasonable design of the trial lenses. METHODS: A total of 119 normal subjects with different myopia (not more than - 6D) were included. First, the resolution limit of discernible change in spherical power was derived based on the optical model. Then, the subjects were observed to see if they could perceive the changes in spherical power as per the resolution limit and compare the difference in the best-corrected visual acuity obtained with the resolution limit and interval of 0.25D. RESULTS: Assuming that the cone cell diameter is 3 µm and the pupil diameter of 4 mm, the theoretically resolution limit was 0.05D. When the diopter of spherical power was increased, the ratios of ability to perceive 0.05D spherical lens change were 98.3% and 96.7% in right and left eyes. When the diopter of spherical power was decreased, the ratios of ability to perceive 0.05D spherical lens change were 78.9% and 83.2% in right and left eyes. The best-corrected visual acuity obtained with the 0.05 D interval trial lens was significantly better than in the 0.25 D interval on both eyes (Right eye - 0.04 ± 0.07 vs - 0.02 ± 0.06, p < 0.001; Left eye - 0.07 ± 0.06 vs - 0.04 ± 0.06, t = 8.825, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The resolution limit of human eye to spherical lens change was about 0.05D and the better corrected visual acuity can be obtained by adjusting the spherical power at an interval of 0.05D. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ChiCTR2100047074. Date of registration: 2021/6/7.

Ultrasonic characterization of multi-layered porous lithium-ion battery structure for state of charge.

A multi-layered porous finite element model of lithium-ion battery is proposed by using Voronoi polygons. The time domain simulation of ultrasonic transmission characteristics with different state of charge (SOC) are carried out, and the variation of acoustic parameters versus SOCs is explored. Then, in the experiment research, the ultrasonic transmission signals are obtained by employing piezoelectric ceramic transducers during the discharging step. By extracting the time domain characteristic parameters, it is discovered that the amplitude and time-of-flight (TOF) have a strong correlation with SOC, the slow pressure-wave (SPW) velocities of the experiments correspond well with the simulation results. In addition, the frequency domain analysis shows a linear link between the amplitude of the frequency spectrum and SOC. Moreover, via repeated experiments, it is found that the ultrasonic transmission method has good repeatability in probing the SOC, and the SPW velocities acquired by experiments can almost be covered by 95% confidence interval formed based on the results of the simulation. Furthermore, according to the results of the experiments, a gray model based on the particle swarm optimization-based-simulated annealing (GM-PSO-SA) is established, which realized the prediction of the SOC under the condition of small sample data. The research results can serve as a reference for creating a comprehensive finite element model of the multi-layered porous structure of lithium-ion battery. Meanwhile, it also provides a detection and evaluation tool for the monitoring of the SOC.

Preparation of inhalable N-acetylcysteine-loaded magnetite chitosan microparticles for nitrate adsorption in particulate matter.

Airborne particulate matter has been designated as a class 1 carcinogen by the World Health Organization. Nitrate is a toxic substance that accounts for a large proportion of particulate matter, and nitrate toxicity has long been reported. In this study, we aimed to optimize the adsorption and removal of particulate matter containing nitrate for effective elimination by the lungs. To this end, particles were designed to optimize the inhalation and removal efficiencies. These particles were prepared as chitosan-based particles containing N-acetylcysteine by using emulsion diffusion methods. Chitosan adsorbs nitrate, while N-acetylcysteine dissolves mucus. This removal mechanism has been found to occur in various in vitro models that mimic respiratory environments and in vivo models. In particular, the removal of exogenous substances, such as particulate matter, by the motility of respiratory cilia through mucolytic effect was investigated. This new approach for the adsorption and elimination of toxic substances entering the lungs represents an alternative defense mechanism against exposure to nitrates from air pollution.

Neuro-immune-endocrine mechanisms with poor adherence to aromatase inhibitor therapy in breast cancer.

As the most commonly used endocrine therapy regimen for patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer (BC) at present, aromatase inhibitors (AIs) reduce the risk of localized and distant recurrence, contralateral BC and secondary cancer, and prolong disease-free survival. Clinical data show that poor adherence during AI treatment is mainly attributed to muscle and joint pain, fatigue, anxiety, depression and sleep disturbances during treatment. The rapid decline of estrogen caused by AIs in a short period of time enhances sympathetic activity, activates T cells in the body, produces inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin (IL)-17A, and promotes the occurrence of inflammation and bone loss. This article reviewed the mechanism of poor dependence on AIs in BC patients from the neuro-immuno-endocrine (NIE) perspective and provided clues for clinical intervention against poor adherence.

Gallstone disease and the risk of cardiac mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Background: Gallstone disease is a common gastrointestinal disorder, which has previously been reported to be associated with the incidence of cardiovascular disease. We aimed to investigate the association between gallstone disease and long-term outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Materials and methods: A total of consecutive 13,975 ACS patients were included in this analysis. Gallstone disease in our study included both gallstones and cholecystectomy. The primary endpoint was cardiac mortality. The secondary outcome was all-cause mortality. Relative risks were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: During a median follow-up period of 2.96 years, 518 (4.2%) patients without gallstone disease and 62 (3.6%) patients in those with gallstone disease suffered cardiac death. After multivariable adjustment for established risk factors, subjects with gallstone disease had decreased risks of both cardiac mortality and all-cause mortality [hazard rate ratios (HR) = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.55-0.95 and HR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.62-0.90, respectively]. In patients with performed cholecystectomy, the associations between gallstones and risks for cardiac mortality and all-cause mortality turned out to be non-significant. HRs varied across subgroups depending on the presence of selected established risk factors. Conclusion: Presence of gallstone disease was associated with a significantly decreased risk of follow-up mortality in patients with ACS.

PPDPF Promotes the Progression and acts as an Antiapoptotic Protein in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Resistance to radiotherapy is frequently observed in the clinic and leads to poor prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). How to overcome resistance to radiotherapy is a challenge in the treatment of NSCLC. In this study, PPDPF was found to be upregulated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines, and its expression negatively correlated with the overall survival of patients with NSCLC. PPDPF promoted the growth, colony formation and invasion of lung cancer cells. Moreover, knockout of PPDPF inhibited tumorigenesis in the KL (KrasG12D; LKB1f/f) mouse model of lung cancer. Additionally, overexpression of PPDPF led to radioresistance in lung cancer cells, and knockdown of PPDPF sensitized lung cancer cells to radiotherapy. Mechanistically, PPDPF interacted with BABAM2 (an antiapoptotic protein) and blocked its ubiquitination by MDM2, thus stabilizing BABAM2 and promoting the radioresistance of lung cancer cells. Our present study suggested PPDPF as a therapeutic target in NSCLC.

Multi-institutional expert update on the use of laparoscopic bile duct exploration in the management of choledocholithiasis: Lesson learned from 3950 procedures.

BACKGROUND: Recently there has been a growing interest in the laparoscopic management of common bile duct stones with gallbladder in situ (LBDE), which is favoring the expansion of this technique. Our study identified the standardization factors of LBDE and its implementation in the single-stage management of choledocholithiasis. METHODS: A retrospective multi-institutional study among 17 centers with proven experience in LBDE was performed. A cross-sectional survey consisting of a semi-structured pretested questionnaire was distributed covering the main aspects on the use of LBDE in the management of choledocholithiasis. RESULTS: A total of 3950 LBDEs were analyzed. The most frequent indication was jaundice (58.8%). LBDEs were performed after failed ERCP in 15.2%. The most common approach used was the transcystic (63.11%). The overall series failure rate of LBDE was 4% and the median rate for each center was 6% (IQR, 4.5-12.5). Median operative time ranged between 60-120 min (70.6%). Overall morbidity rate was 14.6%, with a postoperative bile leak and complications ≥3a rate of 4.5% and 2.5%, respectively. The operative time decreased with experience (P = .03) and length of hospital stay was longer in the presence of a biliary leak (P = .04). Current training of LBDE was defined as poor or very poor by 82.4%. CONCLUSION: Based on this multicenter survey, LBDE is a safe and effective approach when performed by experienced teams. The generalization of LBDE will be based on developing training programs.

Surgical resection and liposomal amphotericin B to treat cavitary pulmonary zygomycosis in a patient with diabetes.

We describe a 24-year-old man with type 1 diabetes mellitus and a cavitary lesion in the right upper lobe, caused by a zygomycete. Surgical resection plus liposomal amphotericin B therapy was successful. We discuss predisposing condition, clinical findings, diagnosis, and treatment of pulmonary zygomycosis.

Effect of Rta protein of Epstein-Barr virus on the cell cycle in HeLa cells.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) replication and transcription activator (Rta) is an immediate-early transcription factor that mediates the switch from latent to lytic infection. DNA viruses often modulate the function of critical cell cycle proteins to maximize the efficiency of virus replication. Here we have examined the effect of Rta on cell cycle progression. Cell cycle analysis revealed that Rta induced HeLa cells in G0/G1-phase to reenter the S-phase. Analysis of the expression pattern of a key set of cell cycle regulators revealed that expression of Rta inhibited the expression of Rb and p53 and induced the expression of E2F1. These findings suggest that Rta plays an active role in redirecting HeLa cell physiology through an Rta-mediated cell cycle transformation.

Altered serum calcium homeostasis independently predicts mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a retrospective observational cohort study.

OBJECTIVES: Serum calcium levels (sCa) were reported to be associated with risk of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to analyse the association between sCa and long-term mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). DESIGN: A retrospective observational cohort study. SETTING: Single-centre study with participants recruited from the local area. PARTICIPANTS: A total of consecutive 13 772 patients with ACS were included in this analysis. Patients were divided based on their sCa profile (≤2.1 mmol/L, 2.1-2.2 mmol/L, 2.2-2.3 mmol/L, 2.3-2.4 mmol/L, 2.4-2.5 mmol/L,>2.5 mmol/L) and followed up for a median of 2.96 years (IQR 1.01-4.07). PRIMARY OUTCOME: Long-term all-cause mortality. RESULTS: During a median follow-up period of 2.96 years, patients with sCa ≤2.1 mmol/L had the highest cumulative incidences of all-cause mortality (16.7%), whereas those with sCa 2.4-2.5 mmol/L had the lowest cumulative incidences of all-cause mortality (3.5%). After adjusting for potentially confounding variables, the Cox analysis revealed that compared with the reference group (sCa 2.4-2.5 mmol/L), all the other groups had higher mortality except for the sCa 2.3-2.4 mmol/L group (HR, 1.32, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.87). Restricted cubic splines showed that the relationship between sCa and all-cause mortality seemed to be U shaped. The optimal sCa cut-off point, 2.35 mmol/L, was determined based on the shape of restricted cubic splines. CONCLUSIONS: Altered serum calcium homeostasis at admission independently predicts all-cause mortality in patients with ACS. In addition, a U-shaped relationship between sCa and all-cause mortality exists, and maintaining sCa at approximately 2.35 mmol/L may minimise the risk of mortality.

Synthesis of benzopyrano[3,4-c]pyridin-5-ones as dopamine D4 receptor ligands.

The dopamine D4 receptor is highly expressed in prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus and is hypothesized to relate with the pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia while its level in brain regions is much lower. To date, no specific ligand is available for the study of D4 receptor in vivo. In this study, we report the synthesis and in vitro receptor binding assay of three benzopyrano[3,4-c]pyridin-5-ones as potential dopamine D4 receptor ligands. These new compounds have higher affinity and selectivity toward dopamine D4 receptor and their K(i) values for D4 receptor are in the nanomolar (nM) range.

[Study on main inheritable parameters of test-tube plants population of Bupleurum chinense in different growing periods].

OBJECTIVE: To determining the growth status and medicine quality of test-tube plants of Bupleurum chinense. METHODS: Measuring the field characters of the labeled plants at fixed period after turning green,such as plant height, number of tiller, number of leaves. Using statistical methods to analyse the measured data RESULTS: Each genetic characters standard deviation and relative standard deviation are all smaller at vegetative growth phase, bud forming phase and seed ripening phase. The test-tube plants population of Bupleurum chinense grows consistently. Its uniformity is higher, variability is low. Bupleurum chinense length and weight of root relative standard deviation are all low. The average root length and weight are more predominant than ordinary seed plants. The roots have high content of effective components. Bupleurum chinense population pharmaceutical character is excellent. The medicinal quality is consistent. The number of branch stem and effective fruit bunch is bigger, The seed production is higher. The aerial part yield is large, The economic value of test-tube plants of Bupleurum chinense is higher. The correlation between each characters of test-tube plants of Bupleurum chinense is different from the ordinary seed plants in different growing periods. CONCLUSION: The botanical and pharmacognostic characters of test-tube plants of Bupleurum chinense are excellent.

Identification and expression profiling of sugar transporter genes during sugar accumulation at different stages of fruit development in apricot.

Sugars are considered as an essential signaling molecule for fruit growth and development, which plays a key role in fruit quality. Up to now, the mechanism controlling sugar metabolism and transport in apricot is unclear. Therefore, in the present study, we measured sugar contents at six different stages of fruit development and ripening, and significant variations were observed throughout these stages. The concentration of glucose and fructose first decreased then increased, sucrose concentration first increased then decreased, while the concentration of sorbitol gradually decreased from growth to maturity. Furthermore, thirty sugar transporter genes related to sucrose synthesis and transport were identified and categorized into different subfamilies based on the phylogenetic analysis. The result of cis-regulatory components showed that under different plant hormones, biotic and abiotic stresses, few elements could be regulated. The correlation analysis showed a higher relationship between ParSuSy5, ParSuSy6, ParSuSy7, and ParFK1 genes and sugar contents, indicating that these genes might have a key role in sugar accumulation and fruit quality. In general, these findings will provide a deep understanding of genomic information and expression profiles of sugar transporter genes, which will contribute toward improvement in fruit quality of apricot.

Effects of goal-directed training on motor function in children with severe cerebral palsy / 中国康复医学杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of goal directed training(GDT)on motor function of children with severe ce-rebral palsy and to provide evidence for clinical application. Method:A prospective case-control study was conducted with 80 children with severe cerebral palsy,random-ly divided into the study group(n=40)and the control group(n=40).The study group received GDT,while the control group received Neurodevelopment therapy(NDT).The children of the two groups were evaluated by supine and prone position(area A)and sitting position(area B)of 88 items of the gross motor function measure(GMFM-88),visual tracking(area A)and upper limb joint activity(area B)of fine motor function measure(FMFM),level of sitting scale(LSS)and activity daily living scale(ADL)before and at 6-month,12-month after the treatment. Result:After 6 months of treatment,there was no significant difference in GMFM-88 area A and B score,LSS score,FMFM area A and B score and ADL score between the study group and the control group(P＞0.05),whereas after 12 months of treatment,the scores of the research group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P＜0.05).As treatment duration increased,the scores of both groups increased.Group classification,time and the interaction between time and group had significant effects on GMFM-A,GMFM-B,LSS and FMFM-B scores.Time and interaction between time and group had significant effects on FMFM-A and ADL scores. Conclusion:GDT can improve gross motor function,sitting ability,fine motor function,and the activities of daily living in children with severe cerebral palsy.

Prediction Study on Potential Chinese materia medica for the Treatment of coronary microvascular dysfunction / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To predict Chinese materia medica that may prevent and treat coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) by identifying disease core targets.Methods:CMD- related targets were obtained through GeneCards and OMIM databases. Subnetworks were extracted by using MCODE plugin in Cytoscape 3.9.1. Core targets of subnetworks were obtained by using cytoNCA plugin. GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis for core targets were performed by using Metascape. Coremine Medical database was used to match targets with Chinese materia medica. Obtained Chinese materia medica was screened, and their properties and tastes, meridians and efficacy categories were under statistics.Results:Totally 3 859 disease-related targets were screened and five subnetworks were obtained. An in-depth study of MCODE1 yielded ten core targets, including IL-1β, IL6, TNF, STAT3, AKT1, ACTB, VEGFA, GAPDH, TP53, and ALB. GO functional enrichment analysis showed that these core targets were mainly involved in biological processes, such as positive regulation of gene expression, positive regulation of transcription, DNA template, and negative regulation of gene expression. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis identified 67 signaling pathways, including the AGEs-RAGE signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, adipocytokine signaling pathway, fluid shear stress, and atherosclerosis. The researchers identified 36 kinds of Chinese materia medica associated with the ten core targets, including Salviea Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Chuanxiaong Rhizoma, Carthami Flos, Paeoniae Radix Rubra, Coptidis Rhizoma, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Ophiopogonis Radix, Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus, Cinnamomi Cortex, Nelumbinis Semen, and Valerianae Jatamansi Rhizoma et Radix among 880 herbs.Conclusion:This study predicts 36 kinds of Chinese materia medica that have the effect of preventing and treating CMD, which can provide research ideas for the development of new drugs.

Value of TREM2 for early hematoma expansion in elderly patients with spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage / 中华老年心脑血管病杂志

Objective To explore the value of baseline plasma soluble type 2 myeloid cell trigger receptors(sTREM2)in evaluation for early hematoma enlargement in elderly patients with spontan-eous cerebral hemorrhage(SCH).Methods Clinical data of 240 patients with acute SCH admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to August 2022 were collected and analyzed retrospectively.According to the expansion of the hematoma volume,they were divided into non-expansion group(172 cases)and expanded group(68 cases).Baseline head CT scanning was performed in all patients within 24 h of onset,clinical and imaging data were analyzed,and the volume of cerebral hematoma was calculated.Blood samples were collected immediately after admission and sTREM2 and galectin-3 levels were measured.Results Compared with the non-expansion group,the ex-panded group had larger cerebral hematoma volume,and increased levels of sTREM2,galectin-3,hs-CRP and TNF-a at admission(P＜0.01).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the expres-sion levels of sTREM2 and galectin-3 were positively correlated with cerebral hematoma at ad-mission(r=0.784,P=0.012;r=0.815,P=0.004).ROC curve analysis indicated that the sensi-tivity of combined serum sTREM2 and galectin-3 levels was significantly higher than that of sin-gle detection(85.59％vs 73.73％and 64.41％,P＜0.05),and the AUC value was 0.896(95％CI:0.741-0.932).Conclusion The baseline plasma level of sTREM2 is significantly increased in eld-erly SCH patients after early hematoma expansion.So,sTREM2 can be used as a risk marker for early expansion of hematoma,and its combined detection with galectin-3 shows higher diagnostic value.

The role of iron metabolism in aerobic exercise′s inhibition of cardiomyocyte apoptosis in atherosclerosis / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective:To demonstrate any role of iron metabolism in the inhibition by aerobic exercise of myocardial apoptosis in atherosclerotic mice.Methods:Eight-week-old male ApoE -/- gene knockout mice were randomly divided into a control group, a model group and an aerobic exercise group, each of 9. A model of atherosclerosis was induced in the rats of the model and aerobic exercise groups by feeding them a " western" diet for 12 weeks. During that time the aerobic exercise group only was given aerobic exercise training. The control group was fed normal rat chow during that period. Myocardial apoptosis was detected using TUNEL staining, and the expression and localization of ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) in the myocardium used immunohistochemistry. Western blotting was applied to detect the FTH1 and GPX4 protein levels, and iron deposition in the myocardium was detected using Prussian blue staining. Iron, lipid peroxide malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in the myocardial tissue were also measured. Results:The TUNEL staining showed significant apoptosis in the model group. In the aerobic exercise group it was significantly less. There was obvious iron deposition in the myocardia of the model group, which was significantly reduced in the aerobic exercise group. The average FTH1 and GPX4 levels in the model group were lower than in the control group, and significantly elevated in the aerobic exercise group.in the aerobic exercise group than in the model group. Iron and MDA levels in the aerobic exercise group were significantly lower, on average, than among the model group, while that of GSH-PX was significantly higher.Conclusions:Aerobic exercise can significantly inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis in atherosclerotic mice. The mechanism may be closely related to better iron metabolism, reduced oxidative stress and the inhibition of iron overload.

Optimal waist circumference cutoff for categorization of central adiposity among Han adults in Xinjiang and its predictive ability for cardiovascular disease risk factors / 中国现代医生

@#Objective To explore the optimal cutoff for waist circumference(WC)for defining central obesity,and its predictive ability for cardiovascular disease risk factors in Han adults in Xinjiang.Methods A cardiovascular risk survey(CRS)study was carried out from October 2018 to March 2021 with 14 618 representative participants selected,including 5757 Han adults.Complete data on 5666 participants were gathered.The age span of the participants was from 35 to 88 years old with the mean age as 52.47 years.Anthropometric data,blood pressure,serum concentration of serum total cholesterol,triglyceride,low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and fasting glucose were documented.Prevalence rate,sensitivity,specificity and distance on the receiver operator characteristic(ROC)curve of each WC value were calculated.Results Both men and women,with the increase of waist circumference,the levels of systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,total cholesterol,triglycerides and fasting blood glucose are gradually increasing.In men,the prevalence of hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia increased as WC increased.In women,the prevalence of hypertension,diabetes,hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia increased as WC increased.The shortest distance in the ROC curves for hypertension,dyslipidemia,diabetes,or≥2 of these risk factors suggested a WC cutoff of 90cm for men and 85cm for women.Conclusion The proportion of central obesity among Han adults in Xinjiang is higher than that of Han people in other regions.It is necessary to use a higher cutoff point value of waist circumference to define central obesity.

Mechanism of Qingfei Huatan Zhuyu Decoction in Treatment of COPD Based on "Lung and Intestinal Co-treatment" / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Qingfei Huatan Zhuyu decoction on the lung and intestinal function of rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases （COPD） and explore the deep-seated mechanism of its embodiment of lung and intestinal co-treatment. MethodA total of 60 Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups， with 10 rats in each group， and the groups were control group， model group， acute syrup group （10 g·kg-1·d-1）， and low， medium， and high-dose groups （10， 15， 20 g·kg-1·d-1） of Qingfei Huatan Zhuyu decoction. The COPD rat model was established by lipopolysaccharide tracheal drip combined with the smoke inhalation method， and the acute syrup group and the Qingfei Huatan Zhuyu decoction group were administered by gavage with corresponding dose concentrations respectively， while the rest groups were controlled by saline gavage， and the lung function and blood gas indexes of rats were monitored after the last administration. The histopathological changes in the lung and intestine were observed microscopically. The expression of serum interleukin-6 （IL-6）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， and secretory immunoglobulin A （IgA） in colon tissue were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The biochemical indexes such as serum diamine oxidase （DAO）， D-lactic acid， and malondialdehyde （MDA） were measured. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of tight junction protein （Occludin） in rat colon tissue. The expression of F4/80 positive alveolar macrophages in rat lung tissue， and the expression of α-actin （α-SMA） and colonic atresia small band protein-1 （ZO-1） were determined by immunofluorescence. The protein expression of p-NF-κB p65， NF-κB p65， p-p38 MAPK， and p-p38 MAPK and the expression of Occludin and ZO-1 in colon tissue were detected in rat lung tissue by Western blot. ResultCompared with the normal group， the model group had pulmonary dysfunction， reduced forced vital capacity （FVC）， arterial partial oxygen pressure （PaO2）， arterial oxygen saturation （SaO2）， and dynamic lung compliance （Cdyn） （P<0.01）， and the pathological changes in the lung and intestine were obvious. The expressions of IL-6， TNF-α， DAO， D-lactic acid， and MDA in serum were increased （P<0.05，P<0.01）， and the protein expression ratio of p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 and p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK in lung tissue was increased. The expression of F4/80 positive macrophages in lung tissue was enhanced. The expression of IgA， Occludin， and ZO-1 in colon tissue decreased （P<0.05，P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the pulmonary function of the rats in the acute syrup group and groups of Qingfei Huatan Zhuyu decoction was significantly improved， and the FVC， PaO2， SaO2， and Cdyn were increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The pathological changes in the lung and intestine were significant. The expressions of IL-6， TNF-α， DAO， D-lactic acid， and MDA in serum were decreased （P<0.05，P<0.01）， and the expressions of F4/80 positive macrophages in lung tissue were decreased （P<0.01）. The protein expression ratio of p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 and p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK in lung tissue decreased （P<0.01）， and the expression of IgA， Occludin， and ZO-1 in colon tissue increased （P<0.01）. ConclusionQingfei Huatan Zhuyu decoction can effectively reduce the symptoms of COPD rats， and its mechanism of action is related to inhibiting the inflammatory response of lung tissue and improving the barrier function of the intestinal mucosa.

Relationship Between Peripheral Blood T Lymphocyte Subsets and Prognosis of Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Camrelizumab / 肿瘤防治研究

Objective To explore the relationship between peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets and prognosis of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received treatment with camrelizumab. Methods We retrospectively collected data from 88 patients with advanced NSCLC who underwent camrelizumab treatment. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were collected from patients before and two months after treatment. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression analysis were employed to investigate the relationship between peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets and PFS and OS. Results Compared with non-responder group, the baseline peripheral blood CD4+/CD8+ ratio was higher (P=0.038), while the CD8+T lymphocyte percentage was lower (P=0.036) in the responder group. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that a high baseline CD4+/CD8+ ratio was associated with long PFS and OS (P=0.001, P=0.023). Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that the baseline CD4+/CD8+ ratio was a significant predictor for PFS and OS. Additionally, a high post-treatment CD4+/CD8+ ratio and high CD4+T lymphocyte percentage were associated with long PFS (P=0.005, P=0.015), whereas a low post-treatment CD8+T lymphocyte percentage was associated with long PFS and OS (P=0.001, P=0.016). Conclusion The peripheral blood CD4+/CD8+ ratio can serve as a predictive factor for survival of patients with NSCLC treated with camrelizumab.