Application of Microhaplotypes in Sibling Kinship Testing.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the efficacy of different numbers of microhaplotype (MH) loci and the introduction of different reference samples on the identification of full sibling, half sibling and differentiation between full sibling and half sibling kinships, and to explore the effect of changing mutation rate on sibling testing. METHODS: First, a family map involving three generations was established, and four full sibling identification models, five half sibling identification models and five models distinguishing full and half siblings were constructed for different reference samples introduced. Based on the results of the previous study, two sets of nonbinary SNP-MH containing 34 and 54 loci were selected. Based on the above MH loci, 100 000 pairs of full sibling vs. unrelated individuals, 100 000 pairs of half sibling vs. unrelated individuals and 100 000 pairs of full sibling vs. half sibling were simulated based on the corresponding sibling kinship testing models, and the efficacy of each sibling kinship testing model was analyzed by the likelihood ratio algorithm under different thresholds. The mutant rate of 54 MH loci was changed to analyze the effect of mutation rate on sibling identification. RESULTS: In the same relationship testing model, the systematic efficacy of sibling testing was positively correlated with the number of MH loci detected. With the same number of MH loci, the efficacy of full sibling testing was better than that of uncle or grandfather when the reference sample introduced was a full sibling of A, but there was no significant difference in the identification efficacy of the four reference samples introduced for full sibling and half sibling differentiation testing. In addition, the mutation rate had a slight effect on the efficacy of sibling kinship testing. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing the number of MH loci and introducing reference samples of known relatives can increase the efficacy of full sibling testing, half sibling testing, and differentiation between full and half sibling kinships. The level of mutation rate in sibling testing by likelihood ratio method has a slight but insignificant effect on the efficacy.

Unveiling the High-valence Oxygen Degradation Across the Delithiated Cathode Surface.

Charge compensation on anionic redox reaction (ARR) has been promising to realize extra capacity beyond transition metal redox in battery cathodes. The practical development of ARR capacity has been hindered by high-valence oxygen instability, particularly at cathode surfaces. However, the direct probe of surface oxygen behavior has been challenging. Here, the electronic states of surface oxygen are investigated by combining mapping of resonant Auger electronic spectroscopy (mRAS) and ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (APXPS) on a model LiCoO2 cathode. The mRAS verified that no high-valence oxygen can sustain at cathode surfaces, while APXPS proves that cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) layer evolves and oxidizes upon oxygen gas contact. This work provides valuable insights into the high-valence oxygen degradation mode across the interface. Oxygen stabilization from surface architecture is proven a prerequisite to the practical development of ARR active cathodes.

[Mechanism of Qingwei Powder in treatment of periodontitis based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS, GC-MS, network pharmacology and molecular docking].

The present study explored the mechanism of Qingwei Powder(QP) in the treatment of periodontitis based on chromatography-mass spectrometry and network pharmacology-molecular docking techniques. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and GC-MS were used to identify the chemical constituents of QP. The active components and targets were screened out through the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP), and their targets were predicted using SwissTargetPrediction. Targets related to periodontitis were obtained from GeneCards, OMIM, and DisGeNET. Venn diagram was constructed using Venny 2.1 to obtain the intersection targets. Cytoscape 3.7.2 was used to construct the "chemical component-target-disease" network. The targets were analyzed for Gene Ontology(GO) function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway enrichment by clusterProfiler R, and the "chemical component-target-pathway" network was constructed. The binding activity of the active components to the target proteins was verified by molecular docking. A total of 189 chemical components were obtained by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and GC-MS, including 39 active components with 180 potential targets related to periodontitis. Target enrichment analysis of the active components yielded 92 KEGG pathways. Twenty KEGG pathways, 34 active components, and 99 targets were involved in the "chemical component-target-pathway" network. Molecular docking verified a good binding ability of the key targets to the key compounds. This study preliminarily indicates that QP is effective in treating periodontitis through multiple components, multiple targets, and multiple pathways, which reflects the complex system of Chinese medicine. This study provides the theoretical foundation for the subsequent research on the material basis and key quality attributes of QP.

[Examples of Professor MA Kun's treatment of infertility caused by hyperprolactinemia with kidney deficiency and blood stasis].

Hyperprolactinemia(HPRL) is one of the diseases leading to anovulatory infertility, which is a refractory gynecological disease and seriously affects female reproductive function. Professor MA Kun has summarized his experience in clinical and scientific studies for many years. And believes that kidney deficiency is the pathogenesis of HPRL and blood stasis is the dominant pathological manifestation of HPRL and can promote the progress of the disease. In view of this, Professor MA Kun took the therapy of kidney-tonifying and blood-activating as the principle for treating anovulatory infertility caused by HPRL, with soothing the liver and promoting Qi as adjuvant therapies. She has also summarized and refined the prescriptions for tonifying kidney and inducing ovulation, which have a remarkable clinical efficacy.

Detection of Novel Coronavirus by RT-PCR in Stool Specimen from Asymptomatic Child, China.

We report an asymptomatic child who was positive for a coronavirus by reverse transcription PCR in a stool specimen 17 days after the last virus exposure. The child was virus positive in stool specimens for at least an additional 9 days. Respiratory tract specimens were negative by reverse transcription PCR.

[Exploration on mechanisms of Xiaoyao Powder in treating atherosclerosis and depressive disorder with concept of "treating different diseases with same method" based on network pharmacology].

The aim of this paper was to explore the mechanism of Xiaoyao Powder in treating atherosclerosis and depressive disorder with concept of "treating different diseases with same method" based on network pharmacology. TCMSP(Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform) and SymMap databases were used to search all the chemical components and targets related to Xiaoyao Powder. After preliminary screening, the network of "herbs-compounds-targets" was constructed. Through DisGeNET, CTD(Comparative Toxicogenomics Database) and TTD(Therapeutic Target Database), the targets of atherosclerosis and depressive disorder were obtained. The common targets were obtained by intersecting the herbal targets and disease targets. In order to screen the key common targets, STRING and Cytoscape were used to analyze the protein-protein interaction of common targets. BioGPS was used to obtain their distribution information in organs and tissues. Gene ontology(GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG) analysis were conducted through Metascape. About 1 355 compounds of Xiaoyao Powder were found by TCMSP and Symmap database; 161 active compounds were screened out according to standard of oral bioavailability≥30% and drug like index≥0.18; 274 herbal targets were obtained and the "herbs-compounds-targets" network was constructed. About 1 004 atherosclerosis targets and 578 depressive disorder targets were obtained, and 37 common targets were obtained after intersection with herbal targets. By using STRING and Cytoscape for protein-protein interaction analysis, 18 key targets were screened. BioGPS showed that the key common targets were mainly distributed in heart, amygdala, pineal, liver and smooth muscle. Metascape was used for GO enrichment analysis and the results showed that there were 929 biological processes, 25 cell components and 23 molecular functions. Enrichment ana-lysis of KEGG showed that there were 108 signal pathways such as AGE-RAGE, HIF-1, FoxO, Th17 cell differentiation and IL-17 signal pathways, which were mainly related to neuroendocrine system, metabolism, immune inflammation and oxidative stress. In conclusion, the main mechanism of Xiaoyao Powder in treating atherosclerosis and depressive disorder with concept of "treating different diseases with same method" was related to neuroendocrine system, metabolism, immune inflammation and oxidative stress-related signal pathway, providing reference for further experimental verification, potential pharmacological mechanism and clinical application.

An outbreak of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis caused by human adenovirus type 8 in primary school, southwest China.

BACKGROUND: Two outbreaks of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) occurred successively with an interval of 5 days in two primary boarding schools in Weixi Lisu Autonomous County, Diqing, and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan. The aims of this study were to determine the intensity and characteristics of the outbreaks, as well as the clinical manifestations in the patients, the risk factors for infection and the pathogen responsible for the two outbreaks. METHODS: An outbreak investigation was conducted in two primary schools, and a case-control study including patients from the Weixi County Ethnic Primary School was performed. Relevant specimens were collected according to the case definition, and next-generation sequencing was employed to identify the pathogen. An epidemiological investigation method was used to analyse the related epidemiological characteristics, such as risk factors. The phylogenetic tree was constructed by MEGA 7.0. RESULTS: A total of 331 acute conjunctivitis cases, including probable cases of EKC, were reported in the two schools, and the attack rates were 30.59% (171/559, 95%CI: 26.76-34.42) and 20.41% (160/784, 95%CI: 17.58-23.24), respectively. Cases occurred in all grades and classes in both schools, and only one staff member in each school presented illness. The epidemics lasted for 54 days and 45 days, respectively. The patients had typical manifestations of EKC, such as acute onset, follicular hyperplasia, pseudomembrane formation, preauricular lymphadenopathy, corneal involvement and blurred vision, and a relatively long disease course (average 9.40 days, longest 23 days and shortest 7 days). The risk factor for infection was close contact with a patient or personal items contaminated by a patient. The pathogen responsible for the outbreaks was HAdV-8. The virus was highly similar to the 2016 HAdV-8 strain from Tibet, China. CONCLUSIONS: This study strongly suggests that HAdV-8 could lead to serious consequences. This is the second report of a HAdV-8-associated EKC outbreak in mainland China. Tibetan HAdV-8 might be circulating in southwest China; therefore, it is necessary to monitor the pathogens causing acute conjunctivitis in this area.

Low-temperature selective catalytic reduction of NO on CeO2-CuO/Al2O3 catalysts prepared by different methods.

CeO2-CuO/Al2O3 catalysts were prepared by three different methods and their activities for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with NH3 were investigated. As can be seen from the experimental results, the catalyst prepared by the single-step sol-gel (SG) method showed the best SCR activity and resistance to SO2 and H2O. In order to investigate the relationship between the preparation method and the performance of SCR catalysts, the catalysts were characterized by using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, X-ray diffraction, temperature programmed reduction with hydrogen, temperature programmed desorption with ammonia, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared and thermo-gravimetric analysis techniques. It was found that the excellent performance of CeO2-CuO/Al2O3 catalyst prepared by the single-step SG method should be resulted from its large surface area, low crystallinity, high oxygen storage capacity, high NH3 adsorption capacity, high concentration of surface chemisorbed oxygen, weak sulphation process and weak water absorption.

Performance of nutritional and inflammatory markers in patients with pancreatic cancer.

BACKGROUND: Systemic inflammation and nutrition play pivotal roles in cancer progression and can increase the risk of delayed recovery after surgical procedures. AIM: To assess the significance of inflammatory and nutritional indicators for the prognosis and postoperative recovery of patients with pancreatic cancer (PC). METHODS: Patients who were diagnosed with PC and underwent surgical resection at our hospital between January 1, 2019, and July 31, 2023, were enrolled in this retrospective observational cohort study. All the data were collected from the electronic medical record system. Seven biomarkers - the albumin-to-globulin ratio, prognostic nutritional index (PNI), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), nutritional risk index (NRI), and geriatric NRI were assessed. RESULTS: A total of 446 patients with PC met the inclusion criteria and were subsequently enrolled. Patients with early postoperative discharge tended to have higher PNI values and lower SII, NLR, and PLR values (all P < 0.05). Through multivariable logistic regression analysis, the SII value emerged as an independent risk factor influencing early recovery after surgery. Additionally, both univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses revealed that the PNI value was the strongest prognostic marker for overall survival (OS; P = 0.028) and recurrence-free survival (RFS; P < 0.001). The optimal cutoff PNI value was established at 47.30 using X-tile software. Patients in the PNI-high group had longer OS (P < 0.001) and RFS (P = 0.0028) times than those in the PNI-low group. CONCLUSION: Preoperative systemic inflammatory-nutritional biomarkers may be capable of predicting short-term recovery after surgery as well as long-term patient outcomes.

Conformal Coating of a High-Voltage Spinel to Stabilize LiCoO2 at 4.6 V.

The ever-growing demand for portable electronic devices has put forward higher requirements on the energy density of layered LiCoO2 (LCO). The unstable surface structure and side reactions with electrolytes at high voltages (>4.5 V) however hinder its practical applications. Here, considering the high-voltage stability and three-dimensional lithium-ion transport channel of the high-voltage Li-containing spinel (M = Ni and Co) LiMxMn2-xO4, we design a conformal and integral LiNixCoyMn2-x-yO4 spinel coating on the surface of LCO via a sol-gel method. The accurate structure of the coating layer is identified to be a spinel solid solution with gradient element distribution, which compactly covers the LCO particle. The coated LCO exhibits significantly improved cycle performance (86% capacity remained after 100 cycles at 0.5C in 3-4.6 V) and rate performance (150 mAh/g at a high rate of 5C). The characterizations of the electrodes from the bulk to surface suggest that the conformal spinel coating acts as a physical barrier to inhibit the side reactions and stabilize the cathode-electrolyte interface (CEI). In addition, the artificially designed spinel coating layer is well preserved on the surface of LCO after prolonged cycling, preventing the formation of an electrochemically inert Co3O4 phase and ensuring fast lithium transport kinetics. This work provides a facile and effective method for solving the surface problems of LCO operated at high voltages.

Systematic sequential therapy for ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation: A case report and review of literature.

BACKGROUND: Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) is a highly malignant tumor arising from the biliary tree. Radical surgery is the only treatment offering a chance of long-term survival. However, limited by the tumor's anatomic location and peri-vascular invasion, most patients lose the chance for curative treatment. Therefore, more methods to increase the resectability of tumors as well as to improve outcomes are needed. CASE SUMMARY: A 68-year-old female patient had a hepatic hilar mass without obvious symptoms. Laboratory results showed hepatitis B positivity. Magnetic resonance imaging indicated that the mass (maximum diameter: 41 mm) invaded the left and right branches of the main portal vein, as well as the middle, left and right hepatic veins; enlarged lymph nodes were also detected in the hilum. The patient was diagnosed with pCCA, and the clinical stage was determined to be T4N1M0 (stage IIIC). Considering the tumor's anatomic location and vascular invasion, systematic conversion therapy followed by ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation (ELRA) was determined as personalized treatment for this patient. Our original systemic sequential therapeutic strategy (lenvatinib and tislelizumab in combination with gemcitabine and cisplatin) was successfully adopted as conversion therapy because she achieved partial response after three cycles of treatment, without severe toxicity. ELRA, anastomotic reconstruction of the middle hepatic vein, right hepatic vein, root of portal vein, inferior vena cava and right hepatic artery, and lymph node dissection were performed at one month after systemic therapy. Pathological and immunohistochemical examination confirmed the diagnosis of pCCA with lymph node metastasis. Although the middle hepatic vein was partially obstructed four months later, hepatic vein stent implantation successfully addressed this problem. The patient has survived for 22 mo after the diagnosis, with no evidence of recurrence or metastasis. CONCLUSION: An effective therapeutic strategy for conversion therapy greatly increases the feasibility and efficiency of ELRA.

[Assessment of external methods of traditional Chinese medicine in patients with chronic ulcer of the lower extremities: study protocol of a multicenter, randomized, parallel-group, prospective trial].

BACKGROUND: Chronic ulcer of the lower extremities amounts for a grave and serious problem for public health. Western medicine focuses on controlling infection, improving blood circulation, surgical debridement, skin grafting, etc, but there are bottlenecks in the treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history and a legacy of sound clinical efficacy in this area. TCM has developed a unique, effective external theory, and a large number of topical prescriptions and external technology. Through this research, a safe and effective treatment protocol of TCM for chronic ulcer of the lower extremities can be formed. To this end, during China's "Eleventh Five-Year" Plan, special research committees and projects on TCM external treatments and external technologies were established. This study on ulcer of the lower extremities constitutes one of the major research topics. METHODS AND DESIGN: Clinical information of patients with chronic ulcer of the lower extremities will be first collected in a large, multicenter, epidemiological survey. Concurrently, a large multicenter, randomized, parallel-group, prospective study will be launched based on evidence-based medical principles to evaluate the efficacy and safety of external methods for removing carrion, dissolving stasis, reinforcing deficiency and promoting tissue regeneration. The evaluated indexes will include the wound healing percentage for primary outcome, wound healing time, wound healing rate, time and rate of removal of necrotic tissue, and TCM syndromes for secondary outcomes and routine blood test, routine urine test, liver and kidney function, blood mercury content and finally urine mercury content for adverse events. DISCUSSION: In this trial, the authors will evaluate the efficacy and safety of external methods for removing carrion, dissolving stasis, reinforcing deficiency and promoting tissue regeneration in cases of chronic ulcer of the lower extremities for standardizing external therapy of TCM for treatment of this condition, and establishing the clinical assessment system for TCM. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: The research program was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry in both English and Chinese in June 2011. REGISTRATION NUMBER: ChiCTR-TRC-11001365.

Complete chloroplast genome sequences of Sinosenecio baojingensis Ying Liu & Q.E. Yang (Asteraceae).

In this study, we assembled and described the complete chloroplast genome (cp) of Sinosenecio baojingensis Ying Liu & Q.E. Yang (Asteraceae) for the first time. The cp genome is 151,315 bp in length and exhibits a typical quadripartite structure, consisting of a large single-copy (LSC) region of 83,445 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 18,172 bp, and a pair of inverted repeat regions (IRs) of 24,849 bp. A total of 133 genes were annotated, including 88 protein-coding genes (one pseudo gene), 37 tRNA genes (tRNAs), and eight ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs). Further, the phylogenetic analysis based on eight complete chloroplast genomes indicates that S. baojingensis is shown to be a sister to S. jishouensis. The complete chloroplast genome of S. baojingensis provides significant molecular markers for the studies on phylogeny and species identification of this genus.

Complete chloroplast genome of Sinosenecio jishouensis D.G. Zhang, Ying Liu & Q. E. Yang (Asteraceae), a narrow endemic species in Wuling Mountain Region, China.

The first complete chloroplast genome (cp) of Sinosenecio jishouensis D.G. Zhang, Ying Liu & Q. E. Yang (Asteraceae) was sequenced and assembled in this study. The cp genome was 151,257 bp in length, including a large single-copy(LSC) region of 83,373 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 18,178 bp, and a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions of 24,853 bp each. These sequences encoded 134 genes, including 89 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. The phylogenetic analysis based on 18 complete cp sequences revealed that S. jishouensis was closely related to Eclipta prostrata.

Investigations on the Fundamental Process of Cathode Electrolyte Interphase Formation and Evolution of High-Voltage Cathodes.

Cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) layer plays an essential role in determining the electrochemical performance of Li-ion batteries (LIBs), but the detailed mechanisms of CEI formation and evolution are not yet fully understood. With the pursuit of LIBs possessing a high energy density, fundamental investigations on the CEI have become increasingly important. Herein, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is employed to fingerprint CEI formation and evolution on three of the most prevailing high-voltage cathodes including layered Li1.144Ni0.136Co0.136Mn0.544O2 (LR-NCM), Li2Ru0.5Mn0.5O3 (LRMO), and spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO). The influences of crystal structure, chemical constitution and cut-off voltage on CEI composition are clarified. Among these cathodes, the spinel cathode exhibits the most stable CEI layer throughout the battery cycle. While the layered cathodes based on the 4d transition metal Ru favor CEI formation upon contacting the electrolyte. Most importantly, anionic redox reaction (ARR) activation at high voltages is verified to dominate CEI evolution in subsequent cycles. The distinct CEI behaviors in diverse cathodes can be attributed to a series of entangled processes, including electrolyte/Li salt decomposition, CEI component dissociation and dissociated CEI species redeposition. Based on these findings, rational guidelines are provided for the interface design of high-voltage LIBs.

Mn Ion Dissolution Mechanism for Lithium-Ion Battery with LiMn2O4 Cathode: In Situ Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy and Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

The dissolution of transition-metal (TM) cations into a liquid electrolyte from cathode material, such as Mn ion dissolution from LiMn2O4 (LMO), is detrimental to the cycling performance of Li-ion batteries (LIBs). Though much attention has been paid to this issue, the behavior of Mn dissolution has not been clearly revealed. In this work, by using a refined in situ ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy technique, we monitored the concentration changes of dissolved Mn ions in liquid electrolyte from LMO at different state of charge (SOC), confirming the maximum dissolution concentration and rate at 4.3 V charged state and Mn2+ as the main species in the electrolyte. Through ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations, we revealed that the Mn dissolution process is highly related to surface structure evolution, solvent decomposition, and lithium salt. These results will contribute to understanding TM dissolution mechanisms at working conditions as well as the design of stable cathodes.

Whole-genome sequencing reveals origin and evolution of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses in Lincang, China, from 2014 to 2018.

The continuous variation of the seasonal influenza viruses, particularly A(H1N1)pdm09, persistently threatens human life and health around the world. In local areas of southwest china, the large time-scale genomic research on A(H1N1)pdm09 is still insufficient. Here, we sequenced 45 whole-genome sequences of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses in Lincang, China, from 2014 to 2018, by next-generation sequencing technology to characterize molecular mechanisms of their origin and evolution. Our phylogenetic analyses suggest that the A(H1N1)pdm09 strains circulating in Lincang belong to clade 6B and the subclade 6B.1A predominates in 2018. Further, the strains in 2018 possess elevated evolutionary rate as compared to strains in other years. Several newly emerged mutations for HA (hemagglutinin) in 2018 are revealed (i.e., S183P and R221K). Intriguingly, the substitution R221K falls into the RBS (receptor binding site) of HA protein, which could affect antigenic properties of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses, and another substitution S183P near to RBS with a high covering frequency (11/14 strains) in 2018 is exactly located at the epitope B. Notably, the NA (neuraminidase) protein harbors a new mutation I23T, potentially involved in N-glycosylation. Based on the background with a higher evolutionary rate in 2018 strains, we deeply evaluate the potential vaccine efficacy against Lincang strains and discover a substantive decline of the vaccine efficacy in 2018. Our analyses reaffirm that the real-time molecular surveillance and timely updated vaccine strains for prevention and control of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 are crucial in the future.

Transmission of COVID-19 in the terminal stages of the incubation period: A familial cluster.

We report a familial cluster of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) to assess its potential transmission during the incubation period. The first patient in this familial cluster was identified during the presymptomatic period, as a close contact of a confirmed patient. Five family members had close contact with this first patient during his incubation period, with four of them confirmed positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the subsequent sampling tests.

[Effects and action mechanisms of Buyang Huanwu Decoction in wound healing of chronic skin ulcers of rats].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects and action mechanisms of Buyang Huanwu Decoction, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, in wound healing of chronic skin ulcers of rats. METHODS: A total of 54 male SD rats with back full-thickness skin lesion were used in this study. Except for the normal control group, the rats were injected with hydrocortisone for inducing chronic skin ulcers, and were randomly divided into untreated group and Buyang Huanwu Decoction group. The rate and the time of wound healing were observed. Immunohistochemical method and image analytical method were used to test the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and microvessel count (MVC) in granulation tissue of chronic skin ulcers in the rats. RESULTS: The rate of wound healing was significantly lowered in the untreated group as compared with the normal control group (P<0.01, P<0.05), and the time of wound healing was obviously longer too (P<0.01). In the Buyang Huanwu Decoction group, the rate of wound healing was significantly higher than that in the untreated group (P<0.01), and the time of wound healing was obviously shorter than the latter's (P<0.01). In the untreated group, the expression of VEGF and MVC were significantly lower than those in the normal control group (P<0.01); the expression of VEGF and MVC were obviously increased in the Buyang Huanwu Decoction group as compared with those in the untreated group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Buyang Huanwu Decoction has the effect to promote the wound healing for chronic skin ulcers of rats by regulating the expression of VEGF in granulation tissue of chronic skin ulcers.

[Development of nano-scale genic carriers in biomedicine].

Nano biotechnology is a developing field of science and technology in the 21st century. The emergence of nanomaterials provides a new way for gene carriers. This paper demonstrates the advantages and types of nano-scale genic carriers and the methods for introducing it into the body, and reviewed the application of nano-scale genic carriers in gene therapy and in breeding.