Synergistic Effect of Hydrogen and 5-Aza on Myogenic Differentiation through the p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway in Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Background and Objectives@#This study aims to clarify the systems underlying regulation and regulatory roles of hydrogen combined with 5-Aza in the myogenic differentiation of adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs). @*Methods@#and Results: In this study, ADSCs acted as an in vitro myogenic differentiating mode. First, the Alamar blue Staining and mitochondrial tracer technique were used to verify whether hydrogen combined with 5-Aza could promote cell proliferation. In addition, this study assessed myogenic differentiating markers (e.g., Myogenin, Mhc and Myod protein expressions) based on the Western blotting assay, analysis on cellular morphological characteristics (e.g., Myotube number, length, diameter and maturation index), RT-PCR (Myod, Myogenin and Mhc mRNA expression) and Immunofluorescence analysis (Desmin, Myosin and β-actin protein expression). Finally, to verify the mechanism of myogenic differentiation of hydrogen-bound 5-Aza, we performed bioinformatics analysis and Western blot to detect the expression of p-P38 protein. Hydrogen combined with 5-Aza significantly enhanced the proliferation and myogenic differentiation of ADSCs in vitro by increasing the number of single-cell mitochondria and upregulating the expression of myogenic biomarkers such as Myod, Mhc and myotube formation. The expressions of p-P38 was up-regulated by hydrogen combined with 5-Aza. The differentiating ability was suppressed when the cells were cultivated in combination with SB203580 (p38 MAPK signal pathway inhibitor). @*Conclusions@#Hydrogen alleviates the cytotoxicity of 5-Aza and synergistically promotes the myogenic differentiation capacity of adipose stem cells via the p38 MAPK pathway. Thus, the mentioned results present insights into myogenic differentiation and are likely to generate one potential alternative strategy for skeletal muscle related diseases.

Risk factors for femoral neck fracture in elderly population / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVES@#To explore the risk factors for femoral neck fracture in elderly population.@*METHODS@#A total of 124 elderly patients (≥60 years old) in hospital for trauma were enrolled, including 71 patients (57%) with femoral neck fracture and 53 non-femoral neck fracture patients (43%). All patients' age, gender, body mass index (BMI), bone mineral density (BMD), thigh length and average circumference were collected. Single factor analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to explore whether the above factors were risk factors for femoral neck fracture.@*RESULTS@#Single factor analysis showed that the age, gender, BMI, BMD, thigh length, and average thigh circumference between the 2 groups were statistically different (all @*CONCLUSIONS@#Older age, female, lower BMI index (low body weight), lower BMD (osteoporosis), longer thigh length, and lower average circumference are risk factors for femoral neck fracture in the elderly population.

Promotion of miR-200b promoter methylation by MMC induces fibroblast apoptosis / 实用医学杂志

Objective To explore the mechanism of the role of mitomycin C(MMC)in regulating miR-200b expression and inducing fibroblasts apoptosis. Methods Fibroblasts cultured in vitro were treated with different concentrations of MMC for 5 min and continue culture for 24 h. The expression of miR-200b were analyzed by Real-time PCR. Cell apoptosis were observed using TUNEL staining. The expression of cleaved-PARP,Bax and Bcl-2 were detected by Western blot. The methylation level of miR-200b promoter were measured by BSP. Results After treated with MMC,The expression of miR-200b significantly downregulated.TUNEL Staining analysis demonstrated MMC could significantly induce human fibroblasts apoptosis. Western blot results showed cleaved-PARP,Bax increased and Bcl-2 decreased.The methylation ratio of miR-200b promotor increased and has a significant dose dependent. Conclusion MMC induced human fibroblasts apoptosis by promoting miR-200b promoter methylation.

Methotrexate prevents knee intraarticular adhesion via endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling pathway / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:The pathogenesis of knee intraarticular adhesion is yet unknown. Excessive proliferation of fibroblasts is considered to cause knee intraarticular adhesion. OBJECTIVE:To study the preventive effects of methotrexate on knee intraarticular adhesion through fibroblast apoptosis induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress. METHODS:The viability of the cultured fibroblasts treated with methotrexate(10-5-10-9mol/L)or PBSwas determined after 24 hours. Fibroblast apoptosis was detected by Hoechst33342 staining. Endoplasmic reticulum stress-and apoptosis-related proteins, including cleaved-PARP, CHOP, Bax and Bcl-2, were determined by western blotassay. Eighteen healthy male New Zealand white rabbits were used to establish the knee intraarticular adhesion models, and equaly randomized into three groups, and received topical application of 2 or 1 g/L methotrexate, or normal saline (control). The preventive effects of methotrexate on knee intraarticular adhesion and CHOP expression in scar tissue were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Methotrexate inhibited the proliferation and viability of fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner. The number of apoptotic fibroblasts was significantly increased compared with control group. Protein expression of cleaved-PARP, CHOP, and bax was increased, while protein expression of bcl-2 was decreased with time. The animal experiment showed that preventive effects of 2 g/L methotrexate on knee intraarticular adhesion were superior to 1 g/L methotrexate treatment. CHOP expression in the scar tissue in the methotrexate groups was higher than the control group and that was higher in high-dose methotrexate group. Our results suggest that methotrexate prevents knee intraarticular adhesionviaendoplasmic reticulum stress-induced fibroblast apoptosis.