High-intensity interval training in the rehabilitation of coronary artery disease / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective:To observe the effect of a modified version of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the rehabilitation of persons with coronary artery disease (CAD), and to evaluate its safety and patient compliance.Methods:Sixty CAD patients were randomly divided into an exercise group and a control group, each of 30. Both groups were given conventional cardiac rehabilitation (including controlled nutrition, psychological counseling and low-intensity aerobic exercise). The exercise group additionally completed a session of HIIT twice a week for 6 weeks. Each session involved 30s of cycling at 85-90% of the patient′s maximum heart rate followed by 30s rest, repeated 15 times. The cardiorespiratory fitness, blood pressure, vascular function and body composition of both groups were documented before and after the 6 weeks. Compliance was recorded and the safety of the modified HIIT program was evaluated.Results:A significant improvement was observed in the maximum oxygen uptake and workload in a graded exercise test among the exercise group. The average blood pressure and body composition improved significantly, as did the average positive mood score and enjoyment of training. There was a significant decrease in negative mood and anxiety scores among the exercise group. No significant differences were observed in the control group. Compliance with the HIIT training program of the exercise group (97.4%) was significantly better than the control group′s compliance (88.7%) with its less strenuous regimen. There were no serious adverse reactions or cardiovascular events during the experiment.Conclusion:Modified HIIT is an effective form of cardiac rehabilitation training for CAD. It is safe, and compliance is good.

Effects of intermittent aerobic exercise in the rehabilitation of patients with acute coronary syndrome / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intermittent aerobic exercise of different intensities in the cardiac rehabilitation of patients with acute coronary syndrome so as to provide a reference for making the best exercise prescription.Methods:Sixty-four acute coronary syndrome patients were randomly divided into a maximum-intensity and a high-intensity intermittent aerobic exercise group, each of 32. Both groups underwent 2 weeks of adaptive training, followed by 4 weeks of intermittent aerobic exercise (3d/week) at either 95-100% or 85% of their heart rate reserve. The maximum oxygen uptake (VO 2max) was measured before and after the intervention, and any exercise-related adverse reactions were recorded. Results:Both groups completed the 671.6-hour exercise plan without any cardiovascular or musculoskeletal complications. After the intervention, the average VO 2max of the maximum-intensity group had increased by 31.2%, versus 17.2% for the high-intensity group, a significant difference. Conclusion:Maximum-intensity aerobic exercise is more effective than high-intensity in improving cardiopulmonary function among patients with acute coronary syndrome. With strict monitoring, both intensities are safe.

The effects of aerobic exercise combined with resistance training on cardiovascular risk factors in obese ado-lescent males / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To explore the effect of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise combined with resistance training on the cardiovascular risk factors of obese adolescent men. Methods Thirty-six obese male adolescents ( the obese group) and 36 age-matched normal-weight adolescent men ( the control group) were recruited. Those in both groups maintained their routine eating habits. The obese group participated in a 12-week combined aerobic ex-ercise and resistance training program. Markers of inflammation, blood lipids, insulin sensitivity, vascular endothe-lium function and body composition were measured before and after the intervention. Results Some in the obese group lost visceral fat mass ( VFM) and some gained it. Before the intervention the average levels of serum interleu-kin-1 receptor antagonist ( IL-1Ra) , tumor necrosis factor-α, leptin, insulin, insulin resistance index ( HOMA-IRI) , high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, triglycerides, adiponectin and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of the obese group were all significantly higher than those of the control group. After the intervention there had been signif-icant decreases in the average levels of IL-1Ra, IFN-γ-inducible protein 10, insulin and HOMA-IRI, but no signif-icant change in average body weight in the obese group as a whole. The group which lost VFM, however, showed greater improvement in triglycerides and insulin resistance than those who gained. Conclusions Twelve weeks of aerobic exercise combined with resistance training can reduce the inflammatory response and insulin resistance of obese adolescent men. The participants who lost more VFM after exercise improved their lipid profile and insulin sensitivity the most.

Optional therapeutic strategies based on clinically different types of acute pulmonary embolism / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a clinical classification of pulmonary embolism (PE), and to evaluate the optional treatment strategies for different types of PE.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From December 1995 to July 2001, 45 patients with acute PE were hospitalized, of which 33 received intravenous thrombolytic therapy or interventional treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Misdiagnostic rate in the 45 patients with acute PE during first visit was 62.2% and mortality rate was 28.9%. Misdiagnostic rate in acute PE patients who had undergone surgery was 82% and mortality rate was 73%. The effective rate of thrombolytic therapy was 77.7%. Clinical symptoms rapidly disappeared in massive PE patients treated with interventional therapies.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Intravenous thrombolytic therapy is one of the most effective methods for treating acute PE. Application of interventional therapy for severe acute PE is also promising.</p>