RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) in Asia is unknown. The associations between HS and other autoimmune disorders have rarely been reported. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the prevalence of and diseases associated with HS using the National Health Insurance (NHI) database. METHODS: We examined Korean NHI claim database data from 2007 to 2016. We enrolled all patients with HS and age- and sex-matched control subjects without HS. We estimated the period prevalence of HS and associated comorbidities in Korea. RESULTS: We identified 28 516 patients with HS (61.3% males and 38.7% females). The period prevalence rate was 0.06%, 55.8 patients (95% confidence interval 55.1-56.4) per 100 000 persons, and the female-to-male ratio was 1 : 1.6. HS patients were at significantly increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, type 1 diabetes, ulcerative colitis, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, acne conglobata, pilonidal cysts, psoriasis, pyoderma gangrenosum, alopecia areata and vitiligo. CONCLUSION: The overall prevalence of HS in Korea was lower than that in Western populations, and male patients predominated.
Assuntos
Doenças Autoimunes/epidemiologia , Hidradenite Supurativa/epidemiologia , Doenças Metabólicas/epidemiologia , Acne Conglobata/epidemiologia , Demandas Administrativas em Assistência à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Alopecia em Áreas/epidemiologia , Artrite Reumatoide/epidemiologia , Colite Ulcerativa/epidemiologia , Comorbidade , Bases de Dados Factuais , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/epidemiologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Hiperlipidemias/epidemiologia , Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Seio Pilonidal/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Pioderma Gangrenoso/epidemiologia , República da Coreia/epidemiologia , Fatores Sexuais , Espondilite Anquilosante/epidemiologia , Vitiligo/epidemiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Blood vessels supply tissues and organs with oxygen, nutrients, cellular, and humoral factors, while lymphatic vessels regulate tissue fluid homeostasis, immune trafficking, and dietary fat absorption. Understanding the mechanisms of vascular morphogenesis has become a subject of intense clinical interest because of the close association of both types of vessels with pathogenesis of a broad spectrum of human diseases. The zebrafish provides a powerful animal model to study vascular morphogenesis because of their small, accessible, and transparent embryos. These unique features of zebrafish embryos permit sophisticated high-resolution live imaging of even deeply localized vessels during embryonic development and even in adult tissues. In this chapter, we summarize various methods for blood and lymphatic vessel imaging in zebrafish, including nonvital resin injection-based or dye injection-based vessel visualization, and alkaline phosphatase staining. We also provide protocols for vital imaging of vessels using microangiography or transgenic fluorescent reporter zebrafish lines.
Assuntos
Vasos Sanguíneos/citologia , Embrião não Mamífero/citologia , Larva/citologia , Vasos Linfáticos/citologia , Peixe-Zebra/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Animais , Fluorescência , Expressão Gênica , Modelos Animais , Imagem ÓpticaRESUMO
Ketones were asymmetrically transformed to chiral acetates by one-pot processes using a lipase and an achiral ruthenium complex under 1 atm of hydrogen gas in ethyl acetate. Molecular hydrogen was also effective for the transformation of enol acetates to chiral acetates without additional acyl donors with the same catalyst system.
Assuntos
Acetatos/química , Acetatos/síntese química , Cetonas/química , Lipase , Rutênio , Indicadores e Reagentes , Isomerismo , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
An enzyme-metal combo reaction has been developed for the dynamic kinetic resolution of allylic alcohols in which racemic substrates are transformed by a lipase and a ruthenium complex in the presence of an acyl donor to allylic acetates of high optical purity in over 80% yield.