Comparison of long-term outcomes of double kissing crush versus T and minimal protrusion techniques in complex bifurcation lesions: The EVOLUTE-CRUSH II registry.

BACKGROUND: Double kissing (DK)-crush and T-stenting and small protrusion (TAP) techniques are gaining popularity, but the comparison for both techniques is still lacking. This study sought to retrospectively evaluate the long-term outcomes of DK-crush and TAP techniques in patients with complex bifurcation lesions. METHODS: A total of 255 (male: 205 [80.3%], mean age: 59.56 ± 10.13 years) patients who underwent coronary bifurcation intervention at a single-center between January 2014 and May 2021 were included. Angiographic features, procedure details, and in-hospital or long-term outcomes were assessed. The primary endpoint was target lesion failure (TLF), defined as the combination of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction, or clinically driven-target lesion revascularization (TLR). The regression models were adjusted applying by the inverse probability weighted (IPW) approach to reduce treatment selection bias. RESULTS: The initial management strategy was DK-crush in 152 (59.6%) patients and TAP in 103 (40.4%) cases. The SYNTAX scores (24.58 ± 7.4 vs. 24.26 ± 6.39, p = 0.846) were similar in both groups. The number of balloon (6.32 ± 1.82 vs. 3.92 ± 1.19, p < 0.001) usage was significantly higher in the DK-crush group than in the TAP group. The rates of TLF (11.8 vs. 22.3%, p = 0.025) and clinically driven TLR (6.6 vs. 15.5%, p = 0.020) were significantly lower in the DK-crush group compared to the TAP group. The long-term TLF was significantly higher in the TAP group compared to the DK-crush group (unadjusted HR: 1.974, [95% CI: 1.044-3.732], p = 0.035 and adjusted HR [IPW]: 2.498 [95% CI: 1.232-5.061], p = 0.011). CONCLUSION: The present study showed that the DK-crush technique of bifurcation treatment was associated with lower long-term TLF and TLR rates compared to the TAP technique.

Association Between CRP/Albumin Ratio and Long-Term Mortality in Patients With cHronIc Limb-Threatening Ischemia Undergoing EndovaScular Therapy Below The Knee: The ACHILES-BTK Registry.

BACKGROUND: Chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI), which presents with ischemic rest pain, ulceration, or gangrene, is a complex form of peripheral artery disease that can cause mortality and amputation. C-reactive protein (CRP), an inflammatory marker, indicates vascular inflammation resulting from the cytokine-dependent inflammatory process in the arterial wall, and arterial atherosclerosis resulting from the inflammation. Lower albumin levels are also associated with peripheral artery disease. We investigated the association between CRP/Albumin ratio (CAR) and long-term mortality in patients with CLTI. METHODS: A total of 172 patients who underwent endovascular treatment (EVT) for below the knee (BTK) lesions were enrolled in this study. Patients with acute infection requiring antibiotic therapy, chronic inflammatory disease, end-stage liver disease, malignancy were excluded from the study. Besides, patients with pre-follow-up intervention to the same vascular bed were also excluded from the study. The primary endpoint of the study was all-cause mortality. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to mortality. RESULTS: A total of 70 patients (40.6%) died during 32 ± 21 months of follow-up in the present study. The major amputation rate was 21.5%. The mortality (+) group was older and had higher rates of congestive heart failure, chronic kidney disease, history of stroke, and CRP levels. Moreover, statin and ACE inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker (ACE/ARB) use, GFR, and albumin levels were lower in the mortality (+) group. CAR was significantly higher in the mortality (+) group when comparing both groups (3.25 [1.46 - 7.86] vs. 9.75 [4.5 - 17.71], P < 0.001). CAR, congestive heart failure, chronic kidney disease, history of stroke, ACE/ARB, or statin use were independent predictors of all-cause mortality in multivariable Cox regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS: CAR was associated with mortality in CLTI patients undergoing EVT for BTK lesions. CAR may be a simple method to help patient selection, assessment, and intervention strategy for EVT and may improve patient outcomes.

A Novel Marker Indicating Restenosis in Superficial Femoral Artery: C Reactive Protein to Albumin Ratio.

BACKGROUND: In this study, we aimed to investigate the prognostic value of C-reactive protein (CRP) to albumin ratio (CAR) for predicting restenosis in superficial femoral artery (SFA) lesions and its association with subsequent clinical outcomes in patients undergoing endovascular intervention. METHODS: The records of 685 consecutive patients who underwent endovascular intervention due to symptomatic peripheral artery disease were analyzed. Patients were divided into 2 groups, based on the CAR values. For each group, technical aspects of procedures and subsequent clinical outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS: According to our study, patients with high CAR values had higher rates of restenosis (30.2% vs. 10.3%, P < 0.05) and mortality (31.3% vs. 12.9%, P < 0.05). The rate of lower extremity amputations was also significantly higher in patients with high CAR values compared to those with low CAR values (9.1% vs. 3%, P < 0.05). With respect to Receiver operating characteristic ROC curves of inflammatory markers, the area under the curve (AUC) value of CAR was statistically significant (AUC: 0.659; 95% confidence interval CI: 0.611-0.706; P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Our data showed that CAR is an independent predictor of restenosis and poor clinical outcomes in patients undergoing endovascular intervention.

Assessment of proarrhythmic ventricular electrophysiological remodeling in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

INTRODUCTION: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is related to cardiovascular disease and results in increased mortality rates. Ischemia, autonomic nervous system dysfunction, impaired cardiac ionic currents, and genetic predisposition may be the underlying mechanisms. Proarrhythmic ventricular electrophysiological remodeling detected on the basis of Tp­e interval, Tp-e/QT, and Tp-e/QTc ratios plays a key role in the prognosis. Our aim was to assess proarrhythmic ventricular electrophysiological remodeling in patients with RA, a well-known chronic inflammatory disorder. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 163 patients with RA and 47 patients as a control group were included in this retrospective study. Proarrhythmic ventricular electrophysiological remodeling markers were evaluated in both groups along with baseline demographic and clinical variables. Patients using medication or with chronic disorders that can affect ventricular repolarization markers were excluded. RESULTS: The patients with RA had prolonged Tp­e interval (66 ms [44-80]; 80 ms [78-96], p < 0.001) and increased Tp-e/QT ratio (0.18 [0.12-0.22]; 0.22 [0.20-0.24], p < 0.001) and Tp-e/QTc ratio (0.16 [0.11-0.19]; 0.20 [0.17-0.22], p < 0.001) compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: The Tp­e interval and Tp-e/QT ratio, which may help to clarify the pathophysiological mechanisms of ventricular arrhythmias, were increased in patients with RA.

Multimodality imaging of an asymptomatic giant right atrial appendage aneurysm.

Right atrial appendage (RAA) aneurysm is a rare congenital cardiac abnormality thought to be caused by dysplasia of the muscular wall of the RA and RAA. Structural, contractile, or electrical atrial changes are associated with the onset and progression of atrial fibrillation. The RAA aneurysm can have various symptoms, such as thromboembolic complications. Diagnosis of RAA aneurysm greatly depends on imaging modalities, among which echocardiography is the most widely used one. Echocardiography is very effective in discovering the aneurysm, distinguishing it from other abnormalities such as pericardial cysts, Ebstein's anomaly and cor triatriatum, and detecting intracardiac thrombosis or blood flow limitations. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography are important complementary examinations. They may provide more details on the neighboring structures of the aneurysm, especially when echocardiographic images are suboptimal.

Evaluation of early electrocardiographic changes after successful percutaneous stent implantation to isolated coarctation of aorta.

BACKGROUND: Coarctation of aorta (CoA) is a congenital obstructive lesion characterized by narrowing of the aorta in which concludes as increase in afterload. Percutaneous stent implantation to CoA is a treatment of choice in older children and adults. Pathology related to CoA mainly caused by increased afterload and left ventricular hypertrophy. Electrocardiographic (ECG) findings are also related to left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Evidence shows that, in variety of diseases, the correction of the pathology might normalize ECG findings and ventricular dysfunction related to increase in afterload. Therefore the aim of this study was to compare the pre- and postprocedural ECG findings of the patients who underwent percutaneous intervention for isolated CoA. METHODS: After exclusion criterion was applied, 30 patients were included into study, retrospectively. ECG records before the procedure and 3 months after the procedure of the patients were evaluated. The parameters related to LVH, ventricular and atrial conduction were evaluated and compared between pre- and post-procedural ECG records. RESULTS: The findings showed that parameters of atrial conduction including P wave maximum duration (p < 0.001) and p wave dispersion (p < 0.001) were significantly decreased after stent implantation. Additionally, ventricular repolarization parameters including QT duration (p = 0.039), Tpe interval (p < 0.001), Tpe / QT (p = 0.038) and Tpe / QTc (p = 0.003) were significantly decreased after stent implantation. Sokolow-Lyon criteria (p < 0.003) and voltage in selected leads were significantly decreased after intervention. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous intervention to CoA might regress LVH parameters in ECG and improve atrial and ventricular repolarization in ECG, which might lead to decreased event of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias in patients with isolated CoA.

Effect of lung resection on electrocardiography.

BACKGROUND: Post-operative changes in electrocardiography (ECG) after lung surgery have been investigated in prior researches. We have limited data about benign physiologic changes in ECG after lung surgery, specifically after lung resection. The aim of our study was to investigate relationship in between lung resection with minimally invasive robotic or video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and its effect on ECG after lung resection. METHODS: After exclusion criteria had been applied, a total of 133 patients were enrolled in the present study. Operational information such as amount of resected segment and side of resection was recorded. Lung resections were divided into two groups. One group included surgeries with lung resections <3 segments and other group included surgeries with segmentectomy ≥3 segments. Pre-operative and postoperative (in between 2nd and 3rd months) ECG data of the patients were compared. The location of resected segments as left-sided and right-sided resections were noted to compare the ECG changes for sub-analysis. RESULTS: Among 133 patients, 101 patients were male (75.9%). There was no significant difference between parameters including ventricular rate, P wave, QRS wave and T wave axis in degrees, PR, QRS, QT and QTc durations, Tpe interval, ratio of Tpe interval to QT and QTc interval and fQRSTa. There was significant difference between before and after resection in terms of degree of QRS axis (before resection =37.3 ± 52.7 vs. after resection = 26.2 ± 55.7, P = .026). Sub-analysis regarding to amount of resected segments, there was no significant difference identified in terms of QRS axis in degrees between before and after resection for patients who underwent lung resection <3 segments (p = .885). However, there was significant difference in QRS axis in degrees for patients who underwent lung resection ≥3 segments (before resection = 47.3 ± 57.5 vs. after resection = 23.7 ± 66.2, P = .010). There was significant rightward axial change after left-sided lung resections (before resection =32.0 ± 52.4 vs. after resection = 49.4 ± 47.1, P = .005) and leftward axial change after right-sided lung resection (before resection = 41.7 ± 53.0 vs. after resection = 7.1 ± 55.2, P < .001). CONCLUSION: Understanding and recognition of possible ECG changes are crucial during post-operative follow-up of the patients who underwent lung resection. These changes might be benign changes, which are related to anatomical and geometrical changes within thoracic cavity.

An early repolarization pattern and L-IIB type of isolated single coronary artery anomaly in a patient who suffered sudden cardiac arrest: A fatal coexistence.

The early repolarization pattern and single coronary artery (SCA) anomaly are rare causes of sudden cardiac arrest. The relationship between the early repolarization pattern and idiopathic ventricular fibrillation has previously been reported. Here, we describe a case of an early repolarization pattern and L-IIB type of isolated SCA anomaly in a patient who suffered a sudden cardiac arrest.

The advantages of live/real-time three-dimensional echocardiograhy in the assessment of left ventricular myxoma, which causes partial left ventricular outflow tract obstruction.

Myxomas are the most common cardiac primary tumors; however, left ventricular myxomas are extremely rare. We describe a young female patient with a giant left ventricular myxoma causing partial obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract, who underwent successful surgical resection. Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography yielded incremental value to two-dimensional echocardiography by allowing better assess of the true size, extent, attachment, and morphology of the tumor. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 46:273-277, 2018.

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio: a novel marker for predicting hospital mortality of patients with acute type A aortic dissection.

INTRODUCTION: The inflammatory process has been reported to be associated with aortic dissection (AD) from the development to the prognosis. The aim of the study was to investigate a relationship between the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and in-hospital outcomes in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD) who underwent surgical repair. METHODS: One hundred and eighty-four patients who were admitted with the diagnosis of type A AAD who underwent surgical repair at two large tertiary hospitals. According to their NLR, 91 patients had high NLR (>6.0) and 93 patients had low NLR (⩽6.0). RESULTS: The frequency of major bleeding, hospital-related infection, multi-organ dysfunction and mortality in hospital were higher in the high NLR group compared to the low NLR group. NLR, WBC count and operation duration were found to be independent predictors for in-hospital mortality. CONCLUSIONS: The novel inflammatory marker NLR may be used to predict worse outcomes and hospital mortality in patients with AAD treated by surgical repair.

Cardiac Computed Tomography versus Echocardiography in the Assessment of Stenotic Rheumatic Mitral Valve.

PURPOSE: There are different clinical cardiac applications of dual source computed tomography (DSCT). Here, we aimed to compare the DSCT with the transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) for evaluating the Wilkins score and planimetric mitral valve area (MVA) of a rheumatic stenotic mitral valve. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prospectively evaluated mitral valvular structure and function in 31 patients with known mitral stenosis undergoing electrocardiogram-gated, second-generation DSCT, in our heart center for different indications. Mitral valve was evaluated using Wilkins score, and also, the planimetric MVA was assessed. RESULTS: We found a significant difference between MVAs determined by DSCT (average 1.42 ± 0.44 cm2) and MVAs determined by TTE (average 1.35 ± 0.43 cm2 ; difference 0.07 ± 0.16 cm2; P = 0.018). Linear regression analysis revealed a good correlation between the two techniques (r = 0.934; P < 0.0001). The limits of agreement for DSCT and TTE in the Bland-Altman analysis were ±0.31 cm2 . DSCT using TTE as the reference enabled good discrimination between mild and moderate-to-severe stenosis and had an area under the ROC curve of 0.967 (CI 0.912-1.023; P < 0.0001). Wilkins scores obtained by DSCT (7.51 ± 1.17, range 5-10) and TTE (8.16 ± 1.27, range 6-10) had a moderate correlation (r = 0.686; P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: We found that planimetric MVA measurements assessed by DSCT were closely correlated with MVA calculations by TTE. The moderate correlation was observed for the Wilkins score.

The Predictive Value of Admission Fragmented QRS Complex for In-Hospital Cardiovascular Mortality of Patients with Type 1 Acute Aortic Dissection.

BACKGROUND: Fragmented QRS (fQRS) arises from impaired ventricular depolarization due to heterogeneous electrical activation of ischemic and/or infarcted ventricular myocardium. The short- and long-term prognostic values of fQRS have been reported for myocardial infarction, heart failure, fatal cardiac arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive value of admission fQRS complex for in-hospital cardiovascular mortality of patients with type 1 acute aortic dissection (AAD). METHODS: In this retrospective study, 203 consecutive patients with type 1 AAD who had been admitted to either of two large-volume tertiary hospitals between December 2008 and October 2013 were included. The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of the fQRS complex on admission. RESULTS: In-hospital cardiovascular mortality (P < 0.001), major adverse cardiovascular events (P < 0.001), acute renal failure (P = 0.022), multiorgan dysfunction (P < 0.001), and acute decompensated heart failure (P < 0.001) were observed to be significantly more frequent in the fQRS-positive group than in the fQRS-negative group. fQRS (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 4.184 [1.927-9.082], P < 0.001), operation duration (4.184 [1.927-9.082], P = 0.001), and Killip class IV (3.900 [1.699-8.955], P = 0.001) were found to be significant independent predictors of in-hospital cardiovascular mortality after adjustment of other risk factors in the multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: fQRS is a simple, inexpensive, and readily available electrocardiographic entity that provides an additional risk stratification level beyond that provided by conventional risk parameters in predicting in-hospital cardiovascular mortality in type 1 AAD.

The assessment of relationship between fragmented QRS complex and left ventricular wall motion score index in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention.

OBJECTIVES: Fragmented QRS (fQRS) has been found to be associated with high mortality and arrhythmic events in acute coronary syndromes. Regional systolic function using wall motion score index (WMSI) is an alternative to left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) for the assessment of left ventricular systolic function. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between the presence of fQRS on admission electrocardiogram (ECG) and WMSI in ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) underwent primary coronary intervention (PCI). The in-hospital and long-term prognostic significance of persistent fQRS was also evaluated. METHODS: In this retrospective study, 542 patients with a diagnose of STEMI underwent primary PCI were included. Study patients were divided into two groups according to the presence (n = 153) or absence (n = 389) of a fQRS on admission ECG. RESULTS: WMSI was found to be significantly higher in fQRS(+) group compared to the fQRS(-) group (P < 0.001). In multivariete analysis, WMSI was found to be an independent predictor of fQRS, and fQRS was inversely associated with LVEF. The in-hospital reinfarction (P = 0.003), MACE (P = 0.024), intraaortic balloon pump use (P = 0.014), and advanced heart failure (P < 0.001) were found to be significantly more frequent in the fQRS(+) group. The presence of fQRS on admission was found to be associated with an increase in long-term cardiovascular mortality (P = 0.028), and long-term all-cause mortality (P = 0.022). CONCLUSION: WMSI was significantly related with the presence of the fQRS, which reflects the linking between impairment of regional left ventricular systolic function and the presence of severe myocardial injury in STEMI.

Comparison of subclinical left and right ventricular systolic dysfunction in non-dipper and dipper hypertensives: impact of isovolumic acceleration.

UNLABELLED: Abstract Objectives: To evaluate subclinical left ventricular and right ventricular systolic impairment in dipper and non-dipper hypertensives by using isovolumic acceleration. METHODS: About 45 normotensive healthy volunteers (20 men, mean age 43 ± 9 years), 45 dipper (27 men, mean age 45 ± 9 years) and 45 non-dipper (25 men, 47 ± 7 years) hypertensives were enrolled. Isovolumic acceleration was measured by dividing the peak myocardial isovolumic contraction velocity by isovolumic acceleration time. RESULTS: Non-dippers indicated lower left ventricular (2.2 ± 0.4 m/s(2) versus 2.8 ± 1.0 m/s(2), p < 0.01) and right ventricular isovolumic acceleration values (2.8 ± 0.8 m/s(2) versus 3.5 ± 1.0 m/s(2), p = 0.012) compared with dippers. Left ventricular mass index (p = 0.001), interventricular septal thickness (p = 0.002) and myocardial performance index (p < 0.001) were negatively correlated with left ventricular isovolumic acceleration. Left ventricular septal thickness (p = 0.002), mass index (p = 0.001) and right ventricular myocardial performance index (p < 0.001) were negatively correlated with right ventricular isovolumic acceleration. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates that non-dipper hypertensives have increased left and right ventricular subclinical systolic dysfunction compared with dippers. Isovolumic acceleration is the only echocardiographic parameter in predicting this subtle impairment.

Transcatheter Closure or Surgery for Symptomatic Paravalvular Leaks: The Multicenter KISS Registry.

BACKGROUND: The optimal treatment of symptomatic paravalvular leak (PVL) remains controversial between transcatheter closure (TC) and surgery. This large-scale study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the long-term outcomes of the patients who underwent reoperation or TC of PVLs. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 335 (men, 209 [62.4%]; mean age, 58.15±12.77 years) patients who underwent treatment of PVL at 3 tertiary centers between January 2002 and December 2021 were included. Echocardiographic features, procedure details, and in-hospital or long-term outcomes were assessed. The primary end point was defined as the all-cause death during follow-up. The regression models were adjusted by applying the inverse probability weighted approach to reduce treatment selection bias. The initial management strategy was TC in 171 (51%) patients and surgery in 164 (49%) cases. Three hundred cases (89.6%) had mitral PVL, and 35 (10.4%) had aortic PVL. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 52.03±10.79%. Technical (78.9 versus 76.2%; P=0.549) and procedural success (73.7 versus 65.2%; P=0.093) were similar between both groups. In both univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis, the in-hospital mortality rate in the overall population was significantly higher (15.9 versus 4.7%) in the surgery group compared with the TC group (unadjusted odds ratio, 3.13 [95% CI, 1.75-5.88]; P=0.001; and adjusted odds ratio (inverse probability-weighted), 4.55 [95% CI, 2.27-10.0]; P<0.001). However, the long-term mortality rate in the overall population did not differ between the surgery group and the TC group (unadjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.86 [95% CI, 0.59-1.25]; P=0.435; and adjusted HR (inverse probability-weighted), 1.11 [95% CI, 0.67-1.81]; P=0.679). CONCLUSIONS: The current data suggest that percutaneous closure of PVL was associated with lower early and comparable long-term mortality rates compared with surgery.

In-hospital outcomes of patients undergoing emergent surgical treatment in patients with infective endocarditis.

BACKGROUND: Infective endocarditis is a serious heart disease that may cause several different clinical conditions and can need urgent surgical therapy. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the patients with infective endocarditis undergoing acute surgical treatment results in-hospital mortality. METHODS: A total of 107 consecutive patients with infective endocarditis undergoing acute surgical therapy were included in our retrospective study. The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of in-hospital mortality as Group 1 without in-hospital mortality (n=89) and Group 2 with in-hospital mortality (n=18). The demographic, laboratory, and clinical parameters were evaluated in both groups. RESULTS: The mean age (50±14; 64±14, P<0.001) and the incidence of chronic renal failure (9 [10.1%]; 8 [44.4%], P=0.001) were higher in Group 2 while the ejection fraction was lower in Group 2 (50.0±9.3; 44.6±12.9, P=0.039). The incidence of positive blood culture was also higher in Group 2 (41 [46.1]; 14 [77.8], P=0.014). Aortic bioprosthesis operation (2 [2.2]; 6 [33.3], P<0.001) and mitral bioprosthesis operation (4 [4.5]; 5 [27.8], P=0.008) were higher in Group 2 as well as the incidence of septic shock was also higher in Group 2 (1 [1.1]; 3 [16.7], P=0.015). In addition, in multivariate logistic regression analyses, advanced age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.068, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.009-1.130, P: 0.024) and positive blood culture (OR: 4.436, 95% CI: 1.044-18.848, P: 0.044) were found to be independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. CONCLUSION: Advanced age, lower ejection fraction, high creatinine, positive blood culture, high systolic pulmonary artery pressure, and septic shock predicted in-hospital death in patients who have undergone emergent or urgent surgery due to infective endocarditis.

The Predictive Role of Small Airway Dysfunction in Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation After Isolated Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery.

OBJECTIVE: Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia following coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The relationship between impaired lung function and atrial fibrillation has been described previously. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic influence of small airway function on predicting postoperative atrial fibrillation undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 283 patients who underwent isolated CABG at our institution between January 2020 and August 2020. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the development of postoperative atrial fibrillation. Demographic characteristics of the patients were recorded; spirometry was performed for each patient before surgery. Small airway function was determined by forced mid-expiratory flow (forced expiratory flow 25%-75%) values measured by spirometry. Propensity score matching was applied to ensure a balanced distribution of demographic data between the 2 groups. RESULTS: The frequency of postoperative atrial fibrillation was 30.7% in our patient population. After propensity matching, forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity % [80.6 (73.8-87.8) vs. 76.3 (66.7-81.6), P = 0.006] and forced expiratory flow 25%-75% (87.4 ± 14.2 vs. 75.2 ± 15.8, P = 0.001) were significantly lower in postoperative atrial fibrillation group. In multivariate analysis, white blood cell count, left ventricular ejection fraction, cross-clamp time, and forced expiratory flow 25%-75% were found to be independent predictors of postoperative atrial fibrillation development after isolated CABG. In the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, forced expiratory flow 25%-75% with an optimal threshold value of 81% could detect the presence of postoperative atrial fibrillation with 63.8% sensitivity and 70.1% specificity. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated that small airway obstruction, as indicated by forced expiratory flow 25%-75% in spirometry, can be a simple predictive tool for the development of postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing isolated CABG.