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1.
Inorg Chem ; 63(15): 7053-7062, 2024 Apr 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38575504

RESUMO

Low-dimensional organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) have shown significant potential in the optoelectronic field due to their adjustable structure and properties. However, the poor air stability and flexibility of the OIHP crystals limit their further development. Herein, three OIHP crystals have been synthesized using cadmium chloride and the isomer of phenylenediamine as raw materials. Mn2+ doping turns on the red-light emission of Cd-based OIHPs at around 625 nm. Interestingly, the organic ligands with different steric hindrance can induce a transition of the OIHP structure from two dimensions (2D) to one dimension (1D), thereby regulating the quantum yield of red luminescence in the range of 38.4% to nearly 100%. It is found that the surface-exposed amino groups are easy to oxidize, resulting in the instability of these OIHP crystals. Therefore, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is selected to passivate OIHPs through hydrogen bonding between C═O of PLA and -NH2 on the surface of OIHPs. As a result, the production of OIHP-based flexible films with highly efficient and stable red emission can be obtained after being encapsulated by PLA. They demonstrate enormous application potential in flexible X-ray imaging. This study not only realizes stable perovskite films but also provides an effective design idea for red flexible scintillators.

2.
Microorganisms ; 12(3)2024 Feb 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38543529

RESUMO

Animals can adapt to unique feeding habits through changes in the structure and function of the gut microflora. However, the gut microflora is strongly influenced by the evolutionary relationships between the host, nutritional intake, intake of microorganisms, etc. The red panda (Ailurus fulgens), an herbivorous carnivore, has adapted to consuming bamboo through seasonal foraging strategies and optimization of the composition and function of its gut microflora during long-term evolution. However, to date, studies of the gut bacteria of the red panda have mainly focused on the composition, diversity and function of the gut microflora of captive individuals. There are a lack of studies on how the wild red panda adapts to the consumption of bamboo, which is high in fibre and low in nutrients, through the gut microflora. This paper reviews the technology and methods used in published studies investigating the gut microflora of the red panda, as well as the composition, diversity and function of the identified microbes and the influencing factors. Furthermore, this paper suggests future research directions regarding the methodology employed in analyzing the red panda gut microflora, the interplay between gut microflora and the health of the red panda, the red panda's adaptation to its gut microflora, and the implications of these studies for the management and conservation of wild red pandas. The goal of this review is to provide a reference for the protection of wild red pandas from the perspective of the gut microflora.

3.
Front Microbiol ; 13: 1009588, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36246256

RESUMO

Giant pandas have developed a series of foraging strategies to adapt to their special bamboo diets. Although bamboo is an important food resource for giant pandas in Liziping National Nature Reserve (Liziping NR), China, there are relatively few studies on their phyllosphere fungal community and its influencing factors. Herein, we used ITS1 amplification and metagenomic sequencing to analyze the phyllosphere fungi diversity and functions (KEGG, CAZyme, and antibiotic resistance gene) and explore the influencing factors for the three giant pandas foraging bamboo species (Arundinaria spanostachya, AS; Yushania lineolate, YL; and Fargesia ferax, FF) over different seasons (spring vs. autumn) in Liziping NR, China. We found that Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the most dominant phyla in the bamboo phyllosphere. The alpha diversity (e.g., the Sobs index and Shannon index) was relatively higher in autumn samples than in spring samples, and the community structure differed significantly between the three bamboo species in spring and autumn. Some biotic and abiotic variables (e.g., the elevation and mean base diameter of bamboo) significantly influenced the abundance, diversity, and community structure of the bamboo phyllosphere fungal community. Moreover, the functional analysis showed the differences in the glycoside hydrolase community and antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) profile between spring and autumn samples. Co-occurrence network modeling suggested that AS phyllosphere fungal communities in autumn employed a much more complex network than that in spring, and the abundance of multidrug, tetracycline, and glycopeptide resistance genes was high and closely correlated with other ARGs. These results indicate that fungal community's abundance, diversity, and community structure are mainly affected by the season, host species, and elevation. The season and host species are major factors affecting the biological functions (KEGG and CAZyme), ARGs, and interactions between sympatric bacterial and fungal communities in bamboo phyllosphere. This integrated study can provide a reference basis for the seasonal management of bamboo resources foraged by wild giant pandas, and predict the risk of antibiotic resistance in bamboo phyllosphere fungal flora in Liziping NR (Xiaoxiangling mountains), China.

4.
Front Microbiol ; 12: 748141, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34803968

RESUMO

The giant panda has developed a series of evolutionary strategies to adapt to a bamboo diet. The abundance and diversity of the phyllosphere microbiome change dramatically depending on the season, host species, location, etc., which may, in turn, affect the growth and health of host plants. However, few studies have investigated the factors that influence phyllosphere bacteria in bamboo, a staple food source of the giant panda. Amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was used to explore the abundance and diversity of phyllosphere bacteria in three bamboo species (Arundinaria spanostachya, Yushania lineolate, and Fargesia ferax) over different seasons (spring vs. autumn), elevation, distance from water, etc., in Liziping National Nature Reserve (Liziping NR), China. And whole-genome shotgun sequencing uncovered the differences in biological functions (KEGG and Carbohydrate-Active enzymes functions) of A. spanostachya phyllosphere bacteria between spring and autumn. The results showed that the abundance and diversity of F. ferax phyllosphere bacteria were greater than that of the other two bamboo species in both seasons. And three kinds of bamboo phyllosphere bacteria in autumn were significantly higher than in spring. The season was a more important factor than host bamboo species in determining the community structure of phyllosphere bacteria based on the (un)weighted UniFrac distance matrix. The composition, diversity, and community structure of phyllosphere bacteria in bamboo were primarily affected by the season, species, altitude, tree layer, and shrub layer. Different bacterial communities perform different functions in different bamboo species, and long-term low temperatures may shape more varied and complex KEGG and Carbohydrate-Active enzymes functions in spring. Our study presented a deeper understanding of factors influencing the bacterial community in the bamboo phyllosphere. These integrated results offer an original insight into bamboo, which can provide a reference for the restoration and management of giant panda bamboo food resources in the Xiaoxiangling mountains.

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