Diagnostic impact of using the semi-erect position in the evaluation of inguinal hernia with superficial sonography.

<b>Introduction:</b> The main cause of groin pain is inguinal hernia (IH). The most commonly used imaging test for diagnosis is sonography, which is also useful in distinguishing between indirect and direct hernias.<b>Aim:</b> In this study, measurements were made with sonography in the semi-erect position (45) in addition to the supine position and the effectiveness of this position in detecting the defect was investigated.<b>Material and methods:</b> The IH cases diagnosed by ultrasound between March 2019 and October 2023 were evaluated retrospectively. According to the diameter of the defect in the supine position, the cases were divided into three groups: Group A (≤1.5 cm), Group B (1.5-3 cm), and Group C (≥3 cm). A total of 252 patients with unilateral IH were identified.<b>Results:</b> For Group A, the mean value was 1.09 0.23 (0.64-1.48) cm in the supine position and 1.28 0.26 (0.67) cm in the semi- -erect position (p<0.001). For Group B, the mean value was 2.29 0.29 (1.57-2.82) cm in the supine position and 2.41 0.31 (1.65-2.94) cm in the semi-erect position (p<0.001). For Group C, the mean value was 3.57 0.23 (3.28-4.05) cm in the supine position and 3.62 0.24 (3.32-4.10) cm in the semi-erect position (p<0.05).<b>Conclusions:</b> Superficial ultrasound, which provides reliable results in the diagnosis of IH, is an easily accessible modality. Unlike previous studies, this study was the first to examine the semi-erect position in IH patients. It showed that it is effective in determining the optimal diameter of the defect.

Effects of glycerol and sodium pentaborate containing new formulation on sleeve gastrectomy model in rats

ABSTRACT Purpose: The development of cutting surface leakage and postoperative peritoneal adhesions (PPA) after sleeve gastrectomy (SG) are the most serious operative complications. We investigated the effectiveness of the newly developed glycerol and sodium pentaborate containing formulation on the prevention of these complications. Methods: Sixteen Sprague Dawley rats (mean weight 310 ± 50 g, mean age 3 months old) were divided into two groups, consisting of eight rats in each. SG and a double-layer suture technique were performed for each group. In study group, there was the mixture of 2 mL 3% glycerol plus 3% sodium pentaborate formulation, and in the control group 2 mL 0.9% NaCl was injected into the peritoneal cavity. Rats were sacrificed after 30 days, then macroscopic adhesion grade scoring and histopathological evaluations were assessed. Results: Macroscopic PPA scores in the control and study groups were 2.75 ± 0.16 and 1.50 ± 0.327, respectively (p = 0.004). Histopatologic fibrosis scores in the control and study groups were 0.87 ± 0.125 and 2.00 ± 0.26, respectively (p = 0.002). Conclusions: In SG operation model, glycerol plus sodium pentaborate compound decreased PPA formation and also increased stomach cut surface line fibrosis. This new formulation is hopeful for more safe SG operations.