RESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The association between periodontal disease and nutrient intake was examined using linked data from the 2005 National Health and Nutrition Survey, the Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions and the Survey of Dental Diseases from the same year 'using linked data from the National Health and Nutrition Survey, the Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions and the Survey of Dental Diseases, all from 2005'. There has been increasing focus on the importance of nutritional factors in disease in recent years, but very few studies in Japan have looked at the association between periodontal disease and nutrients. Therefore, in the present study we investigated factors associated with periodontal disease, particularly in terms of nutrient intake. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data from 3043 individuals, ≥ 20 years of age (the original study sample comprised 4873 individuals, but those younger than 20 years of age and pregnant women were excluded from the present study) were compiled from linked responses to these three surveys from the same year. Permission to use the data was obtained from the Lifestyle-Related Diseases Control General Affairs Division of the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare, Japan. Information including basic attributes, family structure, economic status, physical condition, lifestyle habits, diet, dental habits, blood data, intake of foods (including the categories of food) and nutrient-related information were obtained from the linked data. The individual maximum Community Periodontal Index (CPI) was used as an index of periodontal disease. Subjects were divided, according to maximum CPI, into groups in which CPI = 0-2 or CPI = 3-4, and associations between CPI and basic attributes, family structure, economic status, physical condition, lifestyle habits, diet, blood data and food intake were analyzed. RESULTS: Multivariate analysis revealed that the percentage of calories from fat was a nutrient factor associated with periodontal disease, with the percentage of calories from fat being significantly lower in the group with advanced periodontal disease. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet is related to periodontal disease. A more detailed analysis of this topic will be conducted in the future using different indices of periodontal disease.
Assuntos
Gorduras na Dieta/efeitos adversos , Doenças Periodontais/etiologia , Adulto , Complicações do Diabetes/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Japão/epidemiologia , Estilo de Vida , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólica/complicações , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Estado Nutricional , Doenças Periodontais/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To determine whether children advised by a pediatrician to take sports drinks consume them more frequently than do other children and whether these children have an increased risk of dental caries. METHODS: The subjects were 522 mother/child pairs who attended a dental checkup for 3-year-olds at one of ten community health centers in Nagasaki, Japan. Pearson's chi-square test was used to compare the prevalence of children with or without dental caries according to child-related variables. Multiple logistic regression was performed to assess the relationship between the presence of dental caries and child-related variables taken from a dental checkup and a questionnaire. RESULTS: A high frequency of sports drink consumption was strongly associated with dental caries in children. The highest proportion of mothers answered that they were advised by a pediatrician to give sports drinks to their children. However, these children consumed sports drinks significantly less frequently than did children who did so for reasons other than pediatrician recommendations. In addition, these children were significantly less likely to have dental caries than were children who consumed sports drinks for otherreasons. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatrician-recommended consumption of sports drinks does not lead to more frequent consumption of these beverages or to dental caries in 3-year-old children.
Assuntos
Bebidas/efeitos adversos , Cárie Dentária/etiologia , Pediatria , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Pré-Escolar , Índice CPO , Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Japão/epidemiologia , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Prevalência , Esportes , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
We have developed a simulation method to describe three-dimensional dynamics of electrons and ions in a molecule based on the time-dependent density-functional theory. We solve the time-dependent Kohn-Sham equation for electrons employing the real-space and real-time method, while the ion dynamics are described in classical mechanics by the Ehrenfest method. For an efficient calculation in massively parallel computers, the code is parallelized dividing the spatial grid points. We apply the method to the Coulomb explosion of the H(2)S molecule under an intense and ultrashort laser pulse and investigate the mechanism of the process.
RESUMO
The aim of this phase II, multicentre, randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of a comprehensive oral management protocol for the prevention of severe oral mucositis in patients with oral cancer receiving radiotherapy alone or chemoradiotherapy. In total, 124 patients with oral cancer were enrolled from five institutions. Of these, 37 patients undergoing radiotherapy were randomly divided into an intervention group (n=18) and a control group (n=19). The remaining 87 patients, who were undergoing chemoradiotherapy, were also randomized into an intervention group (n=42) and a control group (n=45). During radiotherapy, patients in the control group received only oral care, while those in the intervention group additionally received spacers to cover the entire dentition, pilocarpine hydrochloride, and topical dexamethasone ointment for oral mucositis. The primary endpoint was the incidence of severe oral mucositis. The intervention was significantly associated with a decreased incidence of severe oral mucositis in patients receiving radiotherapy alone (P=0.046), but not in those receiving chemoradiotherapy (P=0.815). These findings suggest that an oral management protocol can prevent severe oral mucositis in patients with oral cancer undergoing radiotherapy without concurrent chemotherapy.
Assuntos
Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço , Neoplasias Bucais , Estomatite , Administração Oral , Quimiorradioterapia , HumanosRESUMO
The 2004 Japanese National Health and Nutrition Survey collected data on several measures, including self-reported dental health. In addition, this was the first nationwide survey to focus on metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Japan. Therefore, the authors used this nationwide data set to assess the relationship between number of teeth present and MetS. Anonymized data were available with permission from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan. Data from 3,195 men and women aged 35 to 99 y were examined, and logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the association between number of teeth and MetS. Moreover, the authors performed an analysis of covariance to compare the mean number of teeth between those with and those without MetS, after adjusting for confounders. In comparison with those having ≥28 teeth, those with fewer remaining teeth demonstrated significantly higher odds of having MetS. Specifically, those having 1 to 9 teeth had higher odds of having MetS than those with more teeth and were more than twice as likely to be affected than those with ≥28 teeth. Furthermore, individuals with MetS in the age groups of 45 to 54, 55 to 64, and 65 to 74 y had significantly fewer teeth than those without MetS in the same age groups. These results suggest that the number of teeth present is associated with the prevalence of MetS in the Japanese population. Knowledge Transfer Statement: The results of this study can be used by clinicians when they examine patients with periodontal disease or extensive tooth loss to refer for a general medical examination.
RESUMO
The mechanism controlling the disappearance of osteoclasts from bone surfaces after bone resorption in vivo is largely unknown. This is because there is no suitable experimental system to trace the final fate of osteoclasts. Here, we used an experimental model of tooth movement in rats to show that preexisting osteoclasts disappeared from the bone surface through apoptosis during a force-induced rapid shift from bone resorption to formation. On the distal alveolar bone surface of the maxillary molar in growing rats, many mature osteoclasts were present. When light tensional force was applied to the bone surface through an orthodontic appliance, these preexisting osteoclasts gradually disappeared. One day after the application of force, about 24% of the osteoclasts exhibited apoptotic morphology and the proportion of apoptotic cells was increased to 41% by day 2, then decreased afterward. These changes were undetectable on the control distal alveolar bone surface, which is free from tensional force. As shown by in situ hybridization, a marked increase in transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) messenger RNA (mRNA) was observed in the stretched cells on the tensioned distal bone surface, simultaneously with the loss of osteoclasts. Both of these factors are known to have a negative effect on osteoclast recruitment and survival. As early as 2 days after force application, some of these stretched cells were identified as cuboidal osteoblasts showing intense signals for both factors. Our data suggest there may be a sequential link in tensional force applied on the bone lining cells, up-regulation of TGF-beta1/OPG, and disappearance of osteoclasts.
Assuntos
Apoptose , Reabsorção Óssea/metabolismo , Glicoproteínas/genética , Linfotoxina-alfa/genética , Osteoclastos/citologia , Osteoclastos/metabolismo , Receptores Citoplasmáticos e Nucleares/genética , Fosfatase Ácida/metabolismo , Animais , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Reabsorção Óssea/induzido quimicamente , Proteínas de Transporte/metabolismo , Catepsina K , Catepsinas/análise , Contagem de Células , Sobrevivência Celular , Glicoproteínas/farmacologia , Histocitoquímica , Hibridização In Situ , Marcação In Situ das Extremidades Cortadas , Isoenzimas/metabolismo , Masculino , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Osteocalcina/genética , Osteocalcina/metabolismo , Osteoclastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Osteoprotegerina , Ligante RANK , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Receptores do Fator de Necrose Tumoral , Proteínas Recombinantes , Estresse Mecânico , Fosfatase Ácida Resistente a Tartarato , Dente/citologia , Dente/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Dente/metabolismoRESUMO
To investigate the usefulness of heat shock protein (HSP) promoter for breast cancer gene therapy, hyperthermia and HSV thymidine kinase (tk) suicide gene combination therapy was examined with mouse mammary cancer cell line FM3A. HSP promoter activity was markedly increased after heat shock (41-45 degrees C), with maximum activation (about 400-fold) at 3 hr. An in vitro cytotoxic assay showed that HSP-tk-transduced FM3A cells became more sensitive (more than 50,000 times) to ganciclovir (GCV) with heat shock, but untreated cells showed no increased cytotoxic sensitivity to GCV compared with control FM3A cells. In addition to promoter-oriented selective cell killing, a "chemosensitization effect" as a bystander effect was demonstrated by hyperthermia and suicide gene combination therapy, using a non-heat-inducible promoter. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that this synergistic killing effect was dependent on apoptotic cell death with upregulation of both Fas and FasL (Fas ligand) expression. We also examined the efficacy of HSP-tk gene therapy in vivo by implanting breast cancer in subcutaneous and intraperitoneal models of BALB/c nude mice targeted by the HVJ-anionic liposome method. Significant tumor regression was observed in HSP-tk-transduced tumors followed by hyperthermia therapy, but no such inhibition was noted in either the mock vector transfection or hyperthermia group compared with control tumor-bearing mice. Our results demonstrate that this combination system is synergistically effective in mediating Fas-dependent apoptosis for a specific gene therapy targeting HSP-expressing mammary carcinomas, even in advanced and heat-resistant breast cancer.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/genética , Neoplasias da Mama/terapia , Terapia Genética/métodos , Proteínas de Choque Térmico/genética , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas , Animais , Antivirais/farmacologia , Apoptose , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Proteína Ligante Fas , Feminino , Ganciclovir/farmacologia , Temperatura Alta , Imuno-Histoquímica , Marcação In Situ das Extremidades Cortadas , Lipossomos/metabolismo , Neoplasias Mamárias Animais/metabolismo , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Nus , Transplante de Neoplasias , Plasmídeos/metabolismo , Retroviridae/metabolismo , Temperatura , Timidina Quinase/metabolismo , Fatores de Tempo , Distribuição Tecidual , Transdução Genética , Transfecção , Células Tumorais Cultivadas , Regulação para Cima , Receptor fas/metabolismoRESUMO
To improve the efficacy and selectivity of gene therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we designed a strategy for suicide gene therapy in conjunction with radiation therapy using an HVJ-liposome vector system. The radio-inducible suicide gene was constructed by insertion of the early growth response gene 1 (Egr-1) promoter upstream of the HSV-tk gene (EGF-tk). First, to test the tumor specificity of Egr-1, RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were performed. The Egr-1 gene was highly expressed in HCC compared with normal liver, where expression was barely detectable. Next, radiation-inducible activity of the Egr-1 promoter was examined in primary cultured normal hepatocytes and human hepatoma cell lines Huh7, HepG2, and PLC/PRF/5 by luciferase assay as a reporter gene system. Egr-1 promoter activity was markedly increased in hepatoma cell lines in a radiation dose-dependent manner, with maximum activation (15- to 28-fold) 12 hr after irradiation. In contrast, only a twofold increase in activation was noted in normal hepatocytes. An in vitro gene therapy experiment showed that EGR-tk-transduced hepatoma cells became highly sensitive to ganciclovir (GCV) after irradiation, but not without irradiation. GCV with or without irradiation did not show any cytotoxic effects against control gene-transfected cells. In addition, a "radiosensitization effect" was also demonstrated by combination therapy with the HSV-tk/GCV system and irradiation. To examine the efficacy of this EGR-tk/GCV gene therapy in vivo, xenografted liver tumors in nude mice were targeted using the HVJ-liposome vector system. EGR-tk-transfected tumors regressed significantly after a combination therapy of irradiation and GCV in all mice (n = 8), and almost disappeared in 3 weeks without any side effects. In comparison, tumors continued to grow in all mice (n = 8 in each group) treated by transfer of EGR-tk followed by either irradiation without GCV or GCV without irradiation. Our data indicate that HSV-tk gene therapy under the control of a radioinducible promoter is effective, and might be selective for hepatoma cells because of its inducible and radiosensitive capacity after radiation exposure as well as its tumor-specific activation.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/terapia , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Terapia Genética/métodos , Proteínas Imediatamente Precoces/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas , Simplexvirus/enzimologia , Timidina Quinase/genética , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Idoso , Animais , Antivirais/farmacologia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/radioterapia , Células Cultivadas , Terapia Combinada , Proteína 1 de Resposta de Crescimento Precoce , Feminino , Ganciclovir/farmacologia , Expressão Gênica , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos da radiação , Humanos , Óperon Lac , Fígado/citologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/radioterapia , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Nus , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , RNA Mensageiro , Tolerância a Radiação , Células Tumorais CultivadasRESUMO
Nafamostat mesilate (NM), a protease inhibitor, possesses a cytoprotective effect and inhibits the activation of complement. The present study investigated whether NM has any protective effect against injury of porcine hepatocytes by human plasma in a bioartificial liver support system. Porcine hepatocytes were harvested and seeded at a density of 2 x 10(5) cells on a 35-mm collagen-coated plate in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) with 10% fetal calf serum. Twenty-four hours later, the medium was replaced with human plasma with three concentrations of NM between 3.8 x 10(-5) and 3.8 x 10(-4) M and then cultured for 6 h. The viability of porcine hepatocytes, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, lidocaine clearance, porcine albumin production, and changes in complement (C3) levels were measured. The viability of porcine hepatocytes in human plasma decreased significantly to 37.7 +/- 11.4% of that in DMEM. NM improved the viability of the hepatocytes, lowered the levels of LDH, and increased lidocaine clearance and albumin production in a concentration-dependent manner. The concentrations of C3, the marker of xenogeneic reactions, did not change significantly, indicating that no hyperacute xenogeneic reaction occurred in our series. Together, our results suggested that NM exerts favorable effects on porcine hepatocytes in human plasma through direct effect such as prevention of protease activity in the plasma membrane of porcine hepatocytes rather than inhibition of complement-dependent immunoreactions.
Assuntos
Proteínas Sanguíneas/efeitos adversos , Guanidinas/farmacologia , Fígado Artificial , Fígado/citologia , Inibidores de Proteases/farmacologia , Albuminas/biossíntese , Anestésicos Locais/farmacocinética , Animais , Benzamidinas , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Transplante de Células , Células Cultivadas , Complemento C3/análise , Complemento C3/farmacologia , Feminino , Humanos , L-Lactato Desidrogenase/análise , Lidocaína/farmacocinética , Fígado/enzimologia , Suínos , Transplante HeterólogoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the influence of Carisolv (Medi Team) for resin adhesion to sound human primary and young permanent dentin. METHOD: The buccal surfaces of 64 primary molars and 74 premolars were used. Two adhesive systems and resin composites were used; SD: Super-Bond D Liner DUAL (Sun Medical) and Clearfil Photo Anterior(Kuraray), and FB: Imperva Fluorobond and Lite-Fil IIA (Shofu). Ten groups were prepared. Groups 1-5 were primary dentin and Groups 6-10 were permanent dentin. Groups 1 and 6: Carisolv applied and agitated for 3min, SD was used. Groups 2 and 7: etched with 10-3 solution (Sun Medical) for 10s, SD was used. Groups 3 and 8: treated with Carisolv and then etched, SD was used. Groups 4 and 9: treated with Carisolv, FB was used. Groups 5 and 10: FB was used. The microstructural effects of Carisolv, 10-3 solution and Carisolv plus 10-3 solution applied to dentin were evaluated by SEM. In addition, the microstructure of the resin-dentin interfaces of each group were studied using SEM. Shear bond strengths (SBS) were tested, and the failed surfaces were observed using SEM. Data was statistically analyzed using ANOVA with subsequent application of post hoc Duncan's new multiple range test at p<0.05. RESULTS: The effect of Carisolv on primary dentin was stronger than that to permanent dentin. The mean SBS (unit:MPa) of Groups 1-10 were: 5.6, 15.8, 7.6, 17.5, 13.5, 8.1, 16.2, 18.2, 31.4 and 15.5. The SBS of Group 9 (Carisolv treated permanent dentin) was significantly higher than those of other groups. There was no significant difference of SBS among Groups 2, 4, 5, 7, 8 and 10, Groups 3, 5 and 6, and Groups 1, 3 and 6. SIGNIFICANCE: Carisolv treatment before etching significantly decreased the SBS to primary dentin in SD groups, but significantly increased the SBS to permanent dentin in FB groups.
Assuntos
Resinas Compostas/química , Colagem Dentária , Preparo da Cavidade Dentária/métodos , Adesivos Dentinários/química , Ácido Glutâmico/uso terapêutico , Leucina/uso terapêutico , Lisina/uso terapêutico , Condicionamento Ácido do Dente , Análise de Variância , Dente Pré-Molar , Cimentos Dentários/química , Dentina/efeitos dos fármacos , Dentina/ultraestrutura , Fluoretos Tópicos/química , Ácido Glutâmico/química , Humanos , Leucina/química , Lisina/química , Metacrilatos/química , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Dente Molar , Cimentos de Resina/química , Estatística como Assunto , Estresse Mecânico , Propriedades de Superfície , Dente Decíduo/efeitos dos fármacos , Dente Decíduo/ultraestruturaRESUMO
A porcine hepatocyte based bioartificial liver (BAL) is still insufficient to replace liver transplantation. In this experiment, to strengthen the performance of a BAL, the effect of human recombinant hepatocyte growth factor (rhHGF) on the proliferation and function of xenogeneic porcine hepatocytes was studied. Isolated porcine hepatocytes were seeded at various densities (5 x 10(3) to 8 x 10(4) cells/well) on a collagen coated 96 well plate in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) with 10% FCS. After 4 hours, the medium was changed to DMEM with added insulin and dexamethasone. Subsequently, rhHGF was added at various concentrations (0, 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40 ng/ml) and cultured for an additional 24, 48, and 72 hours, respectively. The proliferation of porcine hepatocytes in response to rhHGF reached a plateau at 2.5 ng/ml at 24 hours and subsequently decreased. The levels of porcine albumin vs protein present in the supernatant increased when cultured at high cell density. In conclusion, rhHGF was found to stimulate proliferation of porcine hepatocytes at low cell density and low concentration. rhHGF can also increase albumin synthesis at higher cell density, thus indicating its potential use in a more satisfactory porcine hepatocyte based BAL.
Assuntos
Fator de Crescimento de Hepatócito/farmacologia , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Albuminas/biossíntese , Animais , Divisão Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , DNA/biossíntese , Humanos , Fígado/citologia , Fígado/metabolismo , Proteínas Recombinantes/farmacologia , SuínosRESUMO
For the clinical treatment with porcine hepatocyte-based bioartificial liver (BAL), the use of an anticoagulant in the extracorporeal system is essential. In this experiment, we studied the effect of various anticoagulants on cultured porcine hepatocytes. Porcine hepatocytes were isolated and seeded at a density of 2 x 10(5) cells on a collagen-coated plate in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS). Twenty-four hours later, the medium was changed to DMEM with various anticoagulants such as nafamostat mesilate (NM), sodium heparin (SH) and sodium citrate (SC) at concentration used clinically. As a control, the hepatocytes were cultured in only DMEM. After culturing for 6 hours, the viability of the porcine hepatocytes, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, lidocaine clearance (cytochrome p450 function) and albumin synthesis were investigated. SC did not affect either the viability or the p450 function of the hepatocytes. In the NM group, the viability of porcine hepatocytes and lidocaine clearance were decreased significantly more than in the other groups. SH did not affect the viability of porcine hepatocytes, however, it seemed to reduce the p450 function. In conclusion, SC may therefore be the optimal anticoagulant available for hepatocyte-based BAL circuit in terms of its cell toxicity.
Assuntos
Anticoagulantes/farmacologia , Fígado Artificial , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Albuminas/biossíntese , Animais , Benzamidinas , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Citratos/farmacologia , Sistema Enzimático do Citocromo P-450/metabolismo , Feminino , Guanidinas/farmacologia , Heparina/farmacologia , Técnicas In Vitro , L-Lactato Desidrogenase/metabolismo , Lidocaína/metabolismo , Fígado/citologia , Fígado/metabolismo , Citrato de Sódio , SuínosRESUMO
Our bioartificial liver (BAL) consists of porcine hepatocytes attached to beads and plasma perfused through the system. The function of our BAL lasts for approximately 7 hours. The objective of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of Nafamostat Mesilate (NM), a protease inhibitor and potent complement inhibitor, for improving the performance of the BAL. The experimental groups were divided as follows; the NM group (n=7) where the BAL had porcine hepatocytes with 3.8x10(-4) M, of NM, and the control group where the BAL had no NM. Plasma obtained from patients suffering from hepatic failure was perfused through the BAL for 10 hours. The viability of the porcine hepatocytes and the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the human plasma were measured during perfusion. After the 10-hour perfusion, another human hepatic failure plasma was perfused for an additional 1 hour and then the function of the BAL was evaluated. After the 10-hour perfusion, the viability of the hepatocytes in the NM group was 51 +/- 7%, whereas that in the control group was rapidly reduced by 35 +/- 5%. Although the levels of ALT in the human plasma in both groups increased with the perfusion time, those in the NM group were significantly lower than those in the control group (p < 0.05). These results suggest that NM prevented damage to the porcine hepatocytes in human hepatic failure plasma as compared to the control group. In the human hepatic failure plasma before perfusion, the partial thrombin time (PT) and the plasma ammonia (NH3) levels were 19.8 +/- 12% and 288 +/- 102 microg/dl, respectively. Fischer's ratios were 0.98 +/- 0.39. Even after the 10-hour perfusion, the BAL in the NM group significantly improved the levels of PT (38 +/- 10%; p < 0.05), NH3 (214 +/- 34 microg/dl; p < 0.05) and Fischer's ratios (1.4 +/- 0.3; p < 0.05). On the other hand, the BAL in the control group did not show any improvement in those parameters. In conclusion, NM was found to help in maintaining the viability of porcine hepatocytes in human hepatic failure plasma, thereby allowing the porcine hepatocyte-based BAL to function much better.
Assuntos
Proteínas Inativadoras do Complemento/farmacologia , Guanidinas/farmacologia , Fígado Artificial , Fígado/citologia , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Inibidores de Proteases/farmacologia , Alanina Transaminase/sangue , Amônia/sangue , Animais , Benzamidinas , Sobrevivência Celular , Feminino , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Falência Hepática/sangue , Falência Hepática/terapia , Suínos , Tempo de TrombinaRESUMO
PURPOSE: This study compared fluoridated bonding resin adhesion to primary enamel (Group 1), primary dentin (Group 2), permanent enamel (Group 3), and permanent dentin (Group 4). METHODS: The buccal surfaces of 24 primary molars and 24 premolars were used. The bonding system and resin composite used in this study were Imperva Fluorobond and Lite-Fil IIA (Shofu Inc., Kyoto, Japan). Effects of tooth surface conditioning by FB primer were observed using SEM (N = 2/group). Shear bond strengths (SBS) were tested, and the test surfaces of enamel, dentin, and resin specimens were observed using SEM (N = 10/group). Data was statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA with subsequent post hoc Duncan's new multiple range test at P < 0.05. RESULTS: Effects of tooth surface conditioning by FB primer were appropriate to dentin but low to enamel. Means and standard deviations of the SBS for each group were: Group 1 (16.34, 5.53 MPa), Group 2 (15.06, 7.02 MPa), Group 3 (14.39, 6.52 MPa) and Group 4 (15.45, 5.35 MPa). There was no significant difference of SBS among Groups 1, 2, 3, and 4. CONCLUSION: Imperva Fluorobond system gave the same level of bond strength to primary enamel, primary dentin, permanent enamel, and permanent dentin.
Assuntos
Resinas Compostas , Colagem Dentária , Cimentos Dentários , Fluoretos Tópicos , Condicionamento Ácido do Dente , Análise de Variância , Esmalte Dentário , Dentina , Dentição Permanente , Humanos , Teste de Materiais , Distribuição Aleatória , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Resistência à Tração , Dente DecíduoRESUMO
We report a first-principles description for coherent phonon generation in diamond based on the time-dependent density functional theory. The time-dependent Kohn-Sham equation is solved in real time in order to calculate the electron dynamics in periodic solid exposed to an ultrashort laser pulse. We find that the calculated forces acting on ions are consistent with measurements as regards the selection rule and the dependence on the laser intensity.
Assuntos
Transfusão de Componentes Sanguíneos , Encefalopatia Hepática/sangue , Fígado/patologia , Plasma , Transplante Heterólogo/fisiologia , Animais , Sobrevivência Celular , Células Cultivadas , Encefalopatia Hepática/imunologia , Humanos , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Imunoglobulina M/sangue , Valores de Referência , SuínosAssuntos
Hepatócitos/citologia , Hepatócitos/metabolismo , Isquemia/terapia , Falência Hepática/terapia , Fígado Artificial , Fígado/irrigação sanguínea , Amônia/metabolismo , Animais , Pressão Intracraniana , Isquemia/fisiopatologia , Falência Hepática/etiologia , Falência Hepática/fisiopatologia , Suínos , Coleta de Tecidos e Órgãos/métodosAssuntos
Bioprótese , Fígado , Animais , Humanos , Fígado/citologia , Troca Plasmática , Infecções por Retroviridae/transmissão , SuínosRESUMO
The promoter region of the early-growth response-1(Egr-1) gene has been shown to be activated by external radiation, thus making a selective tumoricidal effect possible. A previous experiment showed that the Egr-1 promoter can be activated by internal radiation using radioisotopes as well as external radiation. Internal radiation using I-131 lipiodol (I-131-Lip) has been established as one of the most useful therapeutic strategies against hepatoma. We herein linked the Egr-1 promoter to the herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) gene, and investigated its efficacy in hepatoma gene therapy in combination with I-131-Lip. A luciferase assay showed the Egr-1-promoter activity to be markedly increased in hepatoma tissue specimens in an I-131-dose-dependent manner, whereas a less than two-fold increase in this activity was observed in other organs. In addition, the radioactivity derived from I-131 was selectively accumulated in the tumor tissue specimens. To examine the efficacy of EgrTK/ganciclovir (GCV) gene therapy in vivo, subcutaneous hepatoma xenografts in nude mice were transfected using a hemagglutinating virus of Japan (HVJ)-liposome vector. Complete tumor regression was observed in all the EgrTK-transfected tumors following combination treatment with I-131-Lip and GCV 42 days after treatment without any side effects (n=8). In contrast, the tumors continued to grow in all control mice (n=10). Furthermore, the serum alpha-fetoprotein levels decreased in the combination therapy group, while they increased in the controls. In conclusion, these data indicate that Egr-1 promoter-based gene therapy combined with internal radiation has a selective effect on hepatoma tumors while also showing an improved in vivo efficacy. This combination therapy might, therefore, be an effective human hepatoma gene therapy, even in advanced multiple cases.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/terapia , Proteína 1 de Resposta de Crescimento Precoce/genética , Terapia Genética/métodos , Vetores Genéticos/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas , Animais , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/sangue , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/virologia , Terapia Combinada , Relação Dose-Resposta à Radiação , Proteína 1 de Resposta de Crescimento Precoce/análise , Ganciclovir/uso terapêutico , Engenharia Genética , Vetores Genéticos/genética , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica/métodos , Radioisótopos do Iodo/administração & dosagem , Óleo Iodado , Neoplasias Hepáticas/sangue , Neoplasias Hepáticas/virologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas Experimentais , Camundongos , Camundongos Nus , Transplante de Neoplasias , Simplexvirus/enzimologia , Coloração e Rotulagem , Timidina Quinase/genética , Transdução Genética , Transplante Heterólogo , alfa-Fetoproteínas/análiseRESUMO
Recently, bioartificial liver (BAL) treatment was reported to provide beneficial effects for patients with fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). Some success in experimental or clinical trials has been reported; however, the evaluation of BAL efficacy remains unclear, especially in comparison with other treatments for FHF. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy between BAL and plasma exchange (PE) in experimentally induced FHF in pigs. Pigs undergoing hepatic devascularization (HD) were placed into the following groups: no treatment (control; n = 6), BAL treatment (BAL; n = 5), and plasma exchange (PE; n = 5). Each treatment was initiated 6 h after HD and lasted for 4 h. BAL treatment significantly improved liver functions in FHF pigs. The decrease in cerebral perfusion pressure was also significantly suppressed in the pigs with BAL, and their survival time was prolonged compared with the results in pigs with PE. The effects of BAL outperform those of PE in the treatment of experimental FHF model.