RESUMO
We reviewed our institutional experience of surgical cases of tuberculosis in the last decade. There were 42 surgical cases, including 26 cases of tuberculoma, 5 cases of tuberculous lymphadenitis, 4 cases of tracheobronchial tuberculosis, and 7 cases of tuberculous empyema. The most aim of the surgery for tuberculoma and lymphadenitis were to make differential diagnosis from malignant neoplasm. Sleeve resection was done in 3 cases of tracheobronchial tuberculosis and Montgomery T-tube placement was underwent for a case of tracheal stenosis. Radical surgery was indicated for 4 cases of empyema and open window thoracostomy for 3 cases. There was no major complication and operation-related death. The surgical indication for tuberculosis is very limited nowadays because of effective chemotherapy, however, surgery is still relevant in selected small groups of tuberculosis patients. Exchanging more information and alliance among physicians and thoracic surgeons will become more important for better tuberculosis treatment.