RESUMO
An obligately anaerobic, Gram-stain-positive and coccus-shaped bacterium, designated strain YH-panp20T, was isolated from pig faeces. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that the isolate belongs to the family Erysipelotrichaceae, and is most closely related to Catenisphaera adipataccumulans KCTC 15517T (93.5â% sequence similarity), followed by Faecalitalea cylindroides KCTC 5815T (92.2â%), Faecalicoccus acidiformans KCTC 15521T (90.2â%) and Holdemanella biformis KCTC 5969T (89.6â%). Average nucleotide identity values between YH-panp20T and its closest relatives were lower than 71â%. The G+C content of the isolate was 38.4 mol%, and its cell-wall peptidoglycan was found to be of A1γ type and contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The predominant fatty acids were C18â:â1 cis 9, C18â:â0 DMA and C16â:â0. The major end-products of glucose fermentation were lactate, acetate and formate. Therefore, based on the phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic properties, a novel genus and species, Absicoccus porci gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed for isolate YH-panp20T (=KCTC 15747T=JCM 32769T).
Assuntos
Firmicutes/classificação , Filogenia , Suínos/microbiologia , Animais , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Composição de Bases , Parede Celular/química , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Ácido Diaminopimélico/química , Ácidos Graxos/química , Fezes/microbiologia , Fermentação , Firmicutes/isolamento & purificação , Bacilos Gram-Positivos/genética , Peptidoglicano/química , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , República da Coreia , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
Three bacterial isolates from human faeces, YS-aM39T, R2F3-3-3T and R2F3-5-1, were characterized as Gram-negative, strictly anaerobic, non-spore-forming, non-motile, and rod-shaped. Isolate YS-aM39T formed a distinct line of descent, showing greatest 16S rRNA gene sequence relatedness with R2F3-3-3T (97.5â%), R2F3-5-1 (97.5â%), Bacteroides ovatus (98.8â%) and Bacteroides xylanisolvens (97.2â%). Isolates R2F3-3-3T and R2F3-5-1 also formed a distinct line of descent, sharing greatest 16S rRNA gene sequence relatedness with B. ovatus (98.2â%) and B. xylanisolvens (97.2â%). The DNA G+C content of YS-aM39T was 44.8 mol%, that of R2F3-3-3T was 42.4 mol% and that of R2F3-5-1 was 42.6 mol%. The respiratory quinone of all three isolates was menaquinone MK-10. Polar lipid analysis identified phosphatidylethanolamine as the major lipid. The predominant fatty acids in all three isolates were anteiso-C15â:â0, iso-C15â:â0, C16â:â0 3-OH and iso-C17â:â0 3-OH. The major end products of glucose fermentation were acetic acid, lactic acid and formic acid. DNA-DNA hybridization data indicated that two isolates, YS-aM39T and R2F3-3-3T, represent a species distinct from B. ovatus and B. xylanisolvens. Finally, in this study, the two isolates represented two new species in the genus Bacteroides, for which we propose the names Bacteroides koreensis sp. nov. (type strain, YS-aM39T=KCTC 15520T=JCM 31393T) and Bacteroides kribbi sp. nov. (type strain, R2F3-3-3T=KCTC 15460T=JCM 31391T).
Assuntos
Bacteroides/classificação , Fezes/microbiologia , Filogenia , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Bacteroides/genética , Bacteroides/isolamento & purificação , Composição de Bases , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Ácidos Graxos/química , Humanos , Hibridização de Ácido Nucleico , Fosfatidiletanolaminas/química , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , República da Coreia , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Ubiquinona/químicaRESUMO
Gram-positive, straight or slightly curved rod-shaped bacteria, designated as strains N6H1-5T and N6H1-3, were isolated from fecal samples of old dog. The analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the isolates belonged to the Clostridium cluster XVI and were closely related to Eubacterium dolichum KCTC 5832T, Eubacterium tortuosum DSM 3987T, Clostridium innocuum KCTC 5183T, Allobaculum stecoricanis DSM 13633T, Eubacterium limosum KCTC 3266T, and Clostridium butyricum KCTC 1871T, with 94.0%, 93.8%, 92.0%, 84.9%, 80.7%, and 80.0% sequence similarity, respectively. Chemotaxonomic data supported placement of the strains N6H1-5T and N6H1-3 in the new taxon. The strains contained m-diaminopimelic acid cell wall peptidoglycan; the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and glycolipids (GL); and the major fatty acids were C18:1cis 9 (30.7%) and C16:0 (17.1%). The predominant metabolic end product was lactic acid. The G + C content was 35.8 mol%. The most closely related species, E. dolichum and E. tortuosum, were also assigned to the new taxon, based on the phylogenetic analysis and phenotypic data. Thus, the type strain N6H1-5T (=KCTC 15422 = JCM 30884) represents a novel genus and species, for which the name Absiella argi gen. nov., sp. nov is proposed. It is also proposed that E. dolichum KCTC 5832T and E. tortuosum DSM 3987T be transferred to this new genus, and named Absiella dolichum comb. nov. and Absiella tortuosum comb. nov., respectively.
Assuntos
Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana/veterinária , Clostridium/classificação , Eubacterium/classificação , Firmicutes/classificação , Intestinos/microbiologia , Animais , Composição de Bases/genética , Clostridium/genética , Clostridium/isolamento & purificação , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Cães , Eubacterium/genética , Eubacterium/isolamento & purificação , Ácidos Graxos/análise , Firmicutes/genética , Firmicutes/isolamento & purificação , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory disorder of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinus related to bacterial infection. A previous study suggested that a specific bacterial group may have an important role in the course of CRS. In this study, bacteria isolated from CRS patients were characterized. A total of 15 strains were identified as Gram-positive anaerobic cocci (GPAC), which were able to utilize peptone as a sole carbon source. Sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene revealed that the isolates were closely related to members of the genus Peptoniphilus (>97% similarity) within the Clostridiales Family XI. Incertae Sedis. Genotypic and phenotypic characterization suggests that these isolates represent a novel species of the genus Peptoniphilus associated with CRS. The type strain of Peptoniphilus rhinitidis is 1-13T (=KCTC 5985T=JCM 17448T).
Assuntos
Bactérias Gram-Positivas/classificação , Bactérias Gram-Positivas/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Positivas/microbiologia , Rinite/microbiologia , Sinusite/microbiologia , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Doença Crônica , Análise por Conglomerados , DNA Ribossômico/química , DNA Ribossômico/genética , Ácidos Graxos/análise , Humanos , Masculino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
A Gram-positive, rod-shaped, endospore-forming bacterium, designated strain BLB-1(T), was isolated from samples of tidal flat sediment from the Yellow Sea. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis demonstrated that the isolate belonged to the Bacillus rRNA group 2 and was closely related to Bacillus massiliensis CIP 108446(T) (97.4%), Bacillus odysseyi ATCC PTA-4993(T) (96.7%), Lysinibacillus fusiformis DSM 2898(T) (96.2%) and Lysinibacillus boronitolerans DSM 17140(T) (95.9%). Sequence similarities with related species in other genera, including Caryophanon, Sporosarcina and Solibacillus, were <96.1%. Chemotaxonomic data supported the affiliation of strain BLB-1(T) with the genus Lysinibacillus. The major menaquinone was MK-7, the cell-wall sugars were glucose and xylose, the cell-wall peptidoglycan type was A4α (L-Lys-D-Asp), the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and several unknown phospholipids, and the major fatty acids were anteiso-C(15:0) (35.6%), iso-C(15:0) (25.6%) and anteiso-C(17:0) (16.5%). The most closely related species, Bacillus massiliensis and Bacillus odysseyi, were also assigned to this genus based on phylogenetic analysis and phenotypic data. The results of DNA-DNA hybridizations and phenotypic tests supported the differentiation of all three taxa from species of the genus Lysinibacillus with validly published names. Thus, strain BLB-1(T) (â=âKCTC 13296(T) â=âJCM 15800(T)) represents a novel species, for which the name Lysinibacillus sinduriensis sp. nov. is proposed. It is also proposed that Bacillus massiliensis CIP 108446(T) (â=4400831(T)â=âCCUG49529(T) â=KCTC 13178(T)) and Bacillus odysseyi NBRC 100172(T) (â=34hs-1(T) â=ATCC PTA-4993(T) â=NRRL B-30641(T) â=DSM 18869(T) â=CIP 108263(T) â=KCTC 3961(T)) be transferred to the genus Lysinibacillus as Lysinibacillus massiliensis comb. nov. and Lysinibacillus odysseyi comb. nov., respectively.
Assuntos
Bacillaceae/classificação , Peptidoglicano/análise , Filogenia , Microbiologia do Solo , Bacillaceae/genética , Bacillaceae/isolamento & purificação , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Composição de Bases , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Ácidos Graxos/análise , Sedimentos Geológicos/microbiologia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Hibridização de Ácido Nucleico , Fosfolipídeos/análise , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , República da Coreia , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
BACKGROUND: Myc is a well known driver of lymphomagenesis, and Myc-activating chromosomal translocation is the recognized hallmark of Burkitt lymphoma, an aggressive form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. We developed a model that mimics this translocation event by inserting a mouse Myc cDNA gene into the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus, just upstream of the intronic Emu enhancer. These mice, designated iMyc E mu, readily develop B-cell lymphoma. To study the mechanism of Myc-induced lymphoma, we analyzed signaling pathways in lymphoblastic B-cell lymphomas (LBLs) from iMyc E mu mice, and an LBL-derived cell line, iMyc E mu-1. RESULTS: Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) were constitutively activated in iMyc E mu mice, not only in LBLs but also in the splenic B-lymphocytes of young animals months before tumors developed. Moreover, inhibition of either transcription factor in iMyc E mu-1 cells suppressed growth and caused apoptosis, and the abrogation of NF-kappaB activity reduced DNA binding by both STAT3 and Myc, as well as Myc expression. Inhibition of STAT3 signaling eliminated the activity of both NF-kappaB and Myc, and resulted in a corresponding decrease in the level of Myc. Thus, in iMyc E mu-1 cells NF-kappaB and STAT3 are co-dependent and can both regulate Myc. Consistent with this, NF-kappaB and phosphorylated STAT3 were physically associated with one another. In addition, LBLs and iMyc E mu-1 cells also showed constitutive AKT phosphorylation. Blocking AKT activation by inhibiting PI3K reduced iMyc E mu-1 cell proliferation and caused apoptosis, via downregulation of NF-kappaB and STAT3 activity and a reduction of Myc levels. Co-treatment with NF-kappaB, STAT3 or/and PI3K inhibitors led to additive inhibition of iMyc E mu-1 cell proliferation, suggesting that these signaling pathways converge. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the notion that constitutive activation of NF-kappaB and STAT3 depends on upstream signaling through PI3K, and that this activation is important for cell survival and proliferation, as well as for maintaining the level of Myc. Together, these data implicate crosstalk among NF-kappaB, STAT3 and PI3K in the development of iMyc E mu B-cell lymphomas.
Assuntos
Linfoma de Células B/metabolismo , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/metabolismo , Receptor Cross-Talk/fisiologia , Fator de Transcrição STAT3/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/genética , Animais , Apoptose/fisiologia , Western Blotting , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Fragmentação do DNA , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Ensaio de Desvio de Mobilidade Eletroforética , Elementos Facilitadores Genéticos , Ativação Enzimática/fisiologia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Expressão Gênica/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/genética , Genes de Cadeia Pesada de Imunoglobulina , Genes myc , Imunoprecipitação , Linfoma de Células B/genética , Camundongos , NF-kappa B/genética , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Fator de Transcrição STAT3/genéticaRESUMO
Fusobacterium nucleatum is classified into five subspecies that inhabit the human oral cavity (F. nucleatum subsp. nucleatum, F. nucleatum subsp. polymorphum, F. nucleatum subsp. fusiforme, F. nucleatum subsp. vincentii, and F. nucleatum subsp. animalis) based on several phenotypic characteristics and DNA-DNA hybridization patterns. However, the methods for detecting or discriminating the clinical isolates of F. nucleatum at the subspecies levels are laborious, expensive, and time-consuming. Therefore, in this study, the nucleotide sequences of the RNA polymerase beta-subunit gene (rpoB) and zinc protease gene were analyzed to discriminate the subspecies of F. nucleatum. The partial sequences of rpoB (approximately 2,419 bp), the zinc protease gene (878 bp), and 16S rRNA genes (approximately 1,500 bp) of the type strains of five subspecies, 28 clinical isolates of F. nucleatum, and 10 strains of F. periodonticum (as a control group) were determined and analyzed. The phylogenetic data showed that the rpoB and zinc protease gene sequences clearly delineated the subspecies of F. nucleatum and provided higher resolution than the 16S rRNA gene sequences in this respect. According to the phylogenetic analysis of rpoB and the zinc protease gene, F. nucleatum subsp. vincentii and F. nucleatum subsp. fusiforme might be classified into a single subspecies. Five clinical isolates could be delineated as a new subspecies of F. nucleatum. The results suggest that rpoB and the zinc protease gene are efficient targets for the discrimination and taxonomic analysis of the subspecies of F. nucleatum.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , RNA Polimerases Dirigidas por DNA/genética , Fusobacterium nucleatum/classificação , Fusobacterium nucleatum/genética , Metaloendopeptidases/genética , Análise por Conglomerados , DNA Bacteriano/química , DNA Bacteriano/genética , DNA Ribossômico/química , DNA Ribossômico/genética , Infecções por Fusobacterium/microbiologia , Genótipo , Humanos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , Polimorfismo Genético , RNA Ribossômico 16S/química , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
Rebaudioside A was modified via glucosylation by recombinant dextransucrase of Leuconostoc lactis EG001 in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), forming single O-α-D-glucosyl-(1â³â6') rebaudioside A with yield of 86%. O-α-D-glucosyl-(1â³â6') rebaudioside A was purified using HPLC and Diaion HP-20 and its properties were characterized for possible use as a food ingredient. Almost 98% of O-α-D-glucosyl-(1â³â6') rebaudioside A was dissolved after 15 days of storage at room temperature, compared to only 11% for rebaudioside A. Compared to rebaudioside A, O-α-D-glucosyl-(1â³â6') rebaudioside A showed similar or improved acidic or thermal stability in commercial drinks. Thus, O-α-D-glucosyl-(1â³â6') rebaudioside A could be used as a highly pure and improved sweetener with high stability in commercial drinks. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The proposed method can be used to generate glucosyl rebaudioside A by enzymatic glucosylation. Simple glucosyl rebaudioside A exhibited high acid/thermal stability and improved sweetener in commercialized drinks. This method can be applied to obtain high value-added bioactive compounds by enzymatic modification.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Bactérias/química , Diterpenos do Tipo Caurano/química , Glucosiltransferases/química , Leuconostoc/enzimologia , Edulcorantes/química , Biocatálise , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta PressãoRESUMO
2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase (DERA) is a class I aldolase that catalyzes aldol condensation of two aldehydes in the active site, which is particularly germane in drug manufacture. Structural and biochemical studies have shown that the active site of DERA is typically loosely packed and displays broader substrate specificity despite sharing conserved folding architecture with other aldolases. The most distinctive structural feature of DERA compared to other aldolases is short and flexible C-terminal region. This region is also responsible for substrate recognition. Therefore, substrate tolerance may be related to the C-terminal structural features of DERA. Here, we determined the crystal structures of full length and C-terminal truncated DERA from Streptococcus suis (SsDERA). In common, both contained the typical (α/ß)8 TIM-barrel fold of class I aldolases. Surprisingly, C-terminal truncation resulting in missing the last α9 and ß8 secondary elements, allowed DERA to maintain activity comparable to the fulllength enzyme. Specifically, Arg186 and Ser205 residues at the C-terminus appeared mutually supplemental or less indispensible for substrate phosphate moiety recognition. Our results suggest that DERA might adopt a shorter C-terminal region than conventional aldolases during evolution pathway, resulting in a broader range of substrate tolerance through active site flexibility.
Assuntos
Aldeído Liases/química , Aldeído Liases/metabolismo , Streptococcus suis/enzimologia , Aldeído Liases/genética , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Sítios de Ligação , Domínio Catalítico , Cristalografia por Raios X , Escherichia coli/genética , Modelos Moleculares , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Peso Molecular , Conformação Proteica , Dobramento de Proteína , Estrutura Secundária de Proteína , Subunidades Proteicas/química , Proteínas Recombinantes/química , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismo , Ribosemonofosfatos/metabolismo , Streptococcus suis/genética , Especificidade por SubstratoRESUMO
This paper questions what types of molecular transformation are involved in the conversion of maltose to trehalose by trehalose synthase from Thermus caldophilus GK24. The reverse reaction pathway has been examined with the aid of alpha,alpha-(2,4,6,6',2',4',6",6"'-(2)H(8))trehalose (1). The mass data of the isolated reaction products clearly indicate that deuterated glucose is confined only to substrate molecules, and thus the reversible enzymatic conversion of trehalose into maltose proceeds through an intramolecular pathway.
Assuntos
Glucosiltransferases/metabolismo , Maltose/metabolismo , Thermus/enzimologia , Trealose/metabolismo , Dissacarídeos/química , Dissacarídeos/metabolismo , Escherichia coli/genética , Glucosiltransferases/genética , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Maltose/química , Estrutura Molecular , Proteínas Recombinantes/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/isolamento & purificação , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismo , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização por Electrospray , Thermus/genética , Fatores de Tempo , Trealose/químicaRESUMO
Silver materials have been widely used in diverse fields. However, their toxicity and their mechanism, especially in different forms, have not been studied sufficiently. Thus, cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and interleukin-1beta (IL-1ß) production were investigated using macrophage-like THP-1 cells in the presence of Ag microparticles (AgMPs, 2.7 µm), Ag submicroparticles (AgSMPs, 150 nm), and Ag wires (AgWs, 274 nm×5.3 µm). The levels of cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and IL-1ß production by AgWs were higher than those by the other two AgSMPs and AgMPs. This trend was also observed with each step of the signaling mechanism for IL-1ß production, which is a single pathway affiliated with ROS generation or lysosomal rupture or both, cathepsin B, caspase-1 (NALP3 inflammasome), and finally IL-1ß production in THP-1 cells. All these results suggest that, for development of safe and effective silver materials, the shape or form of silver materials should be considered, especially for macrophage cell lines because epithelial cell lines are not overly sensitive to silver materials.
Assuntos
Interleucina-1beta/biossíntese , Monócitos/metabolismo , Nanopartículas/química , Nanofios/química , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Prata/farmacologia , Proteínas de Transporte/metabolismo , Caspase 1/metabolismo , Catepsina B/metabolismo , Morte Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular , Forma Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Ativação Enzimática/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Inflamassomos/metabolismo , Lisossomos/efeitos dos fármacos , Lisossomos/metabolismo , Monócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteína 3 que Contém Domínio de Pirina da Família NLR , Nanopartículas/toxicidade , Nanopartículas/ultraestrutura , Nanofios/ultraestrutura , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Acetato de Tetradecanoilforbol/farmacologiaRESUMO
A novel gene encoding thermostable endoglucanase was identified in Xanthomonas sp. EC102 from soil. The gene had 1,458 base pairs of open reading frame, which encode a 52-kDa protein of 486 amino acid residues. Sequence of the amino acid residues was similar with the endoglucanase from Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris ATCC33913 (GenBank Accession No. NP_638867.1) (94 % identity). The endoglucanase was overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21 and purified. Temperature for the highest enzymatic activity was 70 °C and pH optima was pH 5.5. The specific activity of the endoglucanase toward carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) was approximately 2 µmol min⻹ mg⻹, V max for CMC was 1.44 µmol mg⻹ min⻹, and K m values was 25.6 mg mL⻹. The EC102 endoglucanase was stable at temperatures up to 60 °C, and it was activated by 0.1 mM of Mn²âº and Co²âº. This is the first report about thermostable endoglucanase from Xanthomonas sp.
Assuntos
Celulase/química , Celulase/genética , Estabilidade Enzimática , Xanthomonas/enzimologia , Celulase/metabolismo , Clonagem Molecular , Escherichia coli/genética , Cinética , Homologia de Sequência de Aminoácidos , Especificidade por Substrato , TemperaturaRESUMO
Rubusoside (R) is a natural sweetener and a solubilizing agent with antiangiogenic and antiallergic properties. However, currently, its production is quite expensive, and therefore, we have investigated nine commercially available glycosidases to optimize an economically viable R-production method. A stevioside (ST)-specific ß-glucosidase (SSGase) was selected and purified 7-fold from Aspergillus aculeatus Viscozyme L by a two-step column chromatography procedure. The 79 kDa protein was stable from pH 3.0 to pH 7.0 at 50-60 °C. Hydrolysis of ST by SSGase produced R and steviol monoglucosyl ester as determined by (1)H and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Importantly, SSGase showed higher activity toward ST than other ß-linked glucobioses. The optimal conditions for R production were 280 mM ST and 16.6 µL of SSGase at pH 5.1 and 63 °C. This is the first discussion detailing the production of R by enzymatic hydrolysis of ST and is useful for the food additive and pharmaceutical industries.
Assuntos
Aspergillus/enzimologia , Celulases/metabolismo , Diterpenos do Tipo Caurano/biossíntese , Diterpenos do Tipo Caurano/metabolismo , Glucosídeos/biossíntese , Glucosídeos/metabolismo , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Hidrólise , Cinética , Especificidade por SubstratoRESUMO
Puerarin (P), an isoflavone derived from kudzu roots, has strong biological activities, but its bioavailability is often limited by its low water solubility. To increase its solubility, P was glucosylated by three dextransucrases from Leuconostoc or Streptococcus species. Leuconostoc lactis EG001 dextransucrase exhibited the highest productivity of puerarin glucosides (P-Gs) among the three tested enzymes, and it primarily produced two P-Gs with a 53% yield. Their structures were identified as alpha-D-glucosyl-(1-->6)-P (P-G) by using LC-MS or (1)H- or (13)C-NMR spectroscopies and alpha-D-isomaltosyl-(1-->6)-P (P-IG2) by using specific enzymatic hydrolysis, and their solubilities were 15- and 202-fold higher than that of P, respectively. P-G and P-IG2 are easily applicable in the food and pharmaceutical industries as alternative functional materials.
Assuntos
Glucosídeos/biossíntese , Glucosiltransferases/metabolismo , Isoflavonas/biossíntese , Leuconostoc/enzimologia , Proteínas de Bactérias/química , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Proteínas de Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo , Glucosídeos/química , Glucosiltransferases/química , Glucosiltransferases/genética , Glucosiltransferases/isolamento & purificação , Glicosilação , Isoflavonas/química , Leuconostoc/genética , SolubilidadeRESUMO
A Gram-positive, endospore-forming, new Bacillus species, strain BL4-6(T), was isolated from tidal flat sediment of the Yellow Sea. Strain BL4-6(T) is a straight rod, with motility by peritrichate flagella. The cell wall contains meso-diaminopimelic acid, and the major respiratory quinone is menaquinone-7. The major fatty acids are iso-C(15:0) and summed feature 3 (containing C(16:1) ω7c/iso-C(15:0) 2OH, and/or iso-C(15:0) 2OH/C(16:1) ω7c). Cells are catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. The G+C content of the genomic DNA is 38.0 mol%. Based on a comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the isolate belongs to the genus Bacillus, forms a clade with the Bacillus cereus group, and is closely related to Bacillus mycoides (98.5%), Bacillus cereus (98.5%), Bacillus anthracis (98.4%), Bacillus thuringiensis (98.4%), Bacillus weihenstephanensis (98.1%), and Bacillus pseudomycoides (97.5%). The isolate showed less than 85% similarity of the gyrA gene sequence and below 95% similarity of the rpoB gene sequence to the members of this group. DNA-DNA relatedness between strain BL4-6(T) and B. cereus group was found to be in a range of 22.8-42.3%, and thus BL4-6(T) represents a unique species. On the basis of these studies, strain BL4-6(T) (=KCTC 13319(T) =JCM 15802(T)) is proposed to represent the type strain of a novel species, Bacillus manliponensis sp. nov.
Assuntos
Bacillus cereus/isolamento & purificação , Sedimentos Geológicos/microbiologia , Bacillus cereus/classificação , Bacillus cereus/genética , Bacillus cereus/metabolismo , Composição de Bases , DNA Bacteriano/genética , DNA Ribossômico/genética , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Água do MarRESUMO
Two novel spore-forming lactic acid bacteria, strains SL213T and SL1213, were isolated from vineyard soils in Korea. Cells of both isolates were rod-shaped bacilli and contained subterminal, ellipsoidal spores. Strains were facultatively anaerobic, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative and motile with single flagella. meso-Diaminopimelic acid, glucose and galactose were detected in whole-cell hydrolysates. Major fatty acids found in the strains were anteiso-C15:0, iso-C15:0, iso-C16:0, C16:0 and anteiso-C17:0. The G+C contents of the DNA were 46.1 and 46.3 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequences from the two strains were almost identical (99.9%) and placed them in the genus Bacillus, according to phylogenetic analysis. The type strains most closely related to SL213T were Bacillus coagulans ATCC 7050T and Bacillus badius ATCC 14574T, with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 96.9 and 95.9%, respectively. Levels of DNA-DNA relatedness between strain SL213T and strain SL1213, B. coagulans ATCC 7050T and B. badius ATCC 14574T were 92.5, 49.0 and 27.5%, respectively. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences and chemotaxonomic and phenotypic evidence given in this study, we report that SL213T represents a novel species, for which the name Bacillus acidiproducens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SL213T (=KCTC 13078T=JCM 14638T).