[Cultural adaptation and validation of the Underwood's Daily Spiritual Experience Scale--Brazilian version]. / Adaptação cultural e validação da Underwood's Daily Spiritual Experience Scale - versão brasileira.

This study aimed to perform the cultural adaptation and analyzing the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Underwood's Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (DSES). The adaptation followed the internationally recommended procedures and the adapted version maintained equivalence to the original after wording adjustments in five items. In the application to 179 medical-surgical patients it was found evidences of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.91), test-retest reliability (ICC=0.94) and convergent validity, correlating with the Intrinsic Religiosity subscale of the Duke Religious Index DUREL (r=0.56, p<0.001). Exploratory factor analysis extracted three principal components explaining 60.5% of the total variance. The DSES-Brazilian version shows evidences of reliability and validity among hospitalized patients. Further studies are needed to confirm its factor composition and to test its applicability in different populations.

Health related quality of life of women with cervical cancer.

This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the health related quality of life (HRQoL) of women with cervical cancer and to identify predictors of quality of life. Between November 2008 and February 2009, 149 women were interviewed. The instrument Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Cervix Cancer (FACT-Cx) was used to assess HRQoL and, in general, the scores obtained indicated positive evaluation. The items that showed negative evaluation were: I am interested in sex, I feel sexually attractive, I am afraid to have sex and My vagina feels too narrow or short. In multiple linear regression analysis, using the backward method, of the 18 independent variables, eight were predictive of HRQoL. Self-perceived health status was the most influential factor. Special attention should be given to the sexual dysfunctions of these women after radiotherapy.

Medications errors and health-related quality of life of nursing professionals in intensive care units.

This study identifies the prevalence of medication errors in ICUs reported by nursing professionals, compares the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and health status changes of those professionals both involved and not involved with medication errors in ICUs. A total of 94 nursing professionals in three ICUs of a private hospital were studied: 39 (41.5%) nurses and 55 (58.5%) nursing technicians. HRQoL was assessed through the Portuguese version of the SF-36 instrument. Eighteen professionals (19.1%) reported medication errors during the month prior to data collection. The errors were reported in 61.1% of the cases and the most frequent ones were those in the administration phase (67.8%). The professionals who reported medication errors displayed worse health conditions than those who did not report errors.

[Violence perpetrated against the elderly and health-related quality of life: a populational study in the city of São Paulo, Brazil]. / Violência contra idosos e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde: estudo populacional no município de São Paulo, Brasil.

The scope of this work was to identify the prevalence of domestic violence against non-institutionalized elderly individuals, and to establish if violence is an independent factor associated with the Physical Component (PC) and Mental Component (MC) scores of the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) of these elderly individuals. It is a cross-sectional epidemiologic and population-based investigation that is part of the SABE (Wellbeing, Health and Aging) study. A sample of 1,126 elderly individuals filled out the Short-Form 12 (SF-12) Health Survey, namely a generic instrument that assesses HRQOL through the Physical and Mental components. The prevalence of domestic violence against of the elderly was 10% (CI 95% 9.1-13.6). In the multiple analyses, violence against the elderly was significantly associated to the MC (ß = -3.03; p = 0.000) and to the PC (ß = -1.69; p = 0.017) of HRQOL, independently of the sociodemographic, health, family support, and functional incapacity covariables. The prevalence of domestic violence was high and compromised the physical and mental health of the elderly.

Objetivou-se identificar a prevalência da violência doméstica contra idosos não institucionalizados e verificar se esta é um fator independente associado aos Componentes Físico (CF) e Mental (CM) da Qualidade de Vida Relacionada à Saúde (QVRS) desses idosos. É um estudo epidemiológico transversal e de base populacional integrante do Estudo SABE (Saúde, Bem-Estar e Envelhecimento). A amostra foi de 1.126 idosos que responderam ao Short-Form 12 Health Related Survey (SF-12), instrumento genérico que avalia a QVRS em seus CF e CM. A prevalência da violência doméstica contra idosos foi de 10% (IC 95% 9,1 - 13,6). Na análise múltipla, a violência contra idosos permaneceu significativamente associada ao CM (ß = -3,03; p = 0,000) e ao CF (ß = -1,69; p = 0,017) da QVRS, independente de covariáveis sociodemográficas, de saúde, de apoio familiar e de incapacidade funcional. A prevalência da violência doméstica foi elevada e comprometeu a saúde física e mental dos idosos.

Impact of cancer-related symptom synergisms on health-related quality of life and performance status.

To identify the impact of multiple symptoms and their co-occurrence on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) dimensions and performance status (PS), 115 outpatients with cancer, who were not receiving active cancer treatment and were recruited from a university hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil completed the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-C30, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Brief Pain Inventory. Karnofsky Performance Status scores also were completed. Application of TwoStep Cluster analysis resulted in two distinct patient subgroups based on 113 patient experiences with pain, depression, fatigue, insomnia, constipation, lack of appetite, dyspnea, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. One group had multiple and severe symptom subgroup and another had less symptoms and with lower severity. Multiple and severe symptoms had worse PS, role functioning, and physical, emotional, cognitive, social, and overall HRQOL. Multiple and severe symptom subgroup was also six times as likely as lower severity to have poor role functioning; five times more likely to have poor emotional; four times more likely to have poor PS, physical, and overall HRQOL; and three times as likely to have poor cognitive and social HRQOL, independent of gender, age, level of education, and economic condition. Classification and Regression Tree analyses were undertaken to identify which co-occurring symptoms would best determine reduction in HRQOL and PS. Pain and fatigue were identified as indicators of reduction on physical HRQOL and PS. Fatigue and insomnia were associated with reduction in cognitive; depression and pain in social; and fatigue and constipation in role functioning. Only depression was associated with reduction in overall HRQOL. These data demonstrate that there is a synergic effect among distinct cancer symptoms that result in reduction in HRQOL dimensions and PS.

Cultural adaptation and validation of the "Diabetes Quality of Life for Youths" measure of Ingersoll and Marrero into Brazilian culture.

The aim of this study was to adapt the "Diabetes Quality of Life for Youths (DQOLY)" measure into Brazilian culture and to analyze its psychometric properties. The cross-cultural adaptation included the phases of translation, backtranslation, committee review, and pretesting. The adapted instrument was applied to 124 type 1 diabetes mellitus' adolescents. The reliability results showed adequate Cronbach's alpha coefficients (0.8695 for Satisfaction domain, 0.8658 for Impact, 0.8387 for Worries and 0.9333 for total), with the exclusion of 3 inconsistent items. The test-retests showed no significant difference between two instrument's applications in different periods (p>0.05). The validity was demonstrated by the strategies: content, convergent, factorial and discriminant. All subscales showed positive correlations between itselves (p<0.001) and with the adolescents' self-perception of their health status (p<0.001). The present study suggests that this version of the DQOLY is a reliable and valid measure for its use in Brazil.

Nursing workload in intensive care units: a study using the Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System-28 (TISS-28).

UNLABELLED: The Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System-28 (TISS-28) is an instrument that has been used to measure severity of illness and nursing workload in intensive care units (ICUs). OBJECTIVES: To characterize the severity of illness and nursing workload using the TISS-28 in 11 ICUs of a university hospital in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: In a prospective study, data were collected from 271 patients admitted to the ICUs in December 2000 and the patients were followed up for 1 week. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Most of the patients were males (60.0%) and their mean age was 51(+20.6) years. Surgical treatment (66.8%) and admissions from the operating room were predominant. The mortality rate was 25.0% and the average length of stay was 7.7 (+10.4) days. The mean TISS-28 score was 23 (range: 14-32 points). The lowest mean score was observed for patients from the Burn ICU and the highest mean score was obtained for patients from the Liver Transplant ICU. A change in TISS-28 scores was observed in the same ICU over the 7-day study period. Units differed in terms of severity of illness and nursing workload. Patients who died received a higher TISS-28 score than patients who survived (p=0.00). As the nursing staff are the largest economic investment in an ICU, so measuring nursing workload in different ICUs from different centres can contribute to the estimation of nursing staff required according to the specific demands of the units.

Family members' needs at intensive care units: comparative analysis between a public and a private hospital.

This cross-sectional study proposed to analyze the needs of adult ICU patients' family members at a public and a private hospital, regarding their level of importance and satisfaction. Ninety-one family members were interviewed, 47 from the public hospital and 44 from the private one, using the Brazilian adaptation of the Critical Care Family Need Inventory (INEFTI). There was no significant difference between the groups in the total score of importance attributed to the needs (p=0.410). The satisfaction score was higher in the private hospital than in the public one (p=0.002). Multiple linear regression analysis allowed us to establish a hierarchy of importance and satisfaction of the family members' needs in each group. The differences observed between the groups suggest that the fulfillment of their needs requires interventions directed at the specificity of each type of hospital.

[Quality of Life Instrument for Youths with Diabetes]. / Instrumento de Qualidade de Vida para Jovens com Diabetes (IQVJD).

The aim of this study is to make the Quality of Life Instrument for Youths with Type 1 Diabetes available, considering that there are no specific instruments to evaluate the Health Related Quality of Life of Youths with type 1 Diabetes in Brazil. This instrument is derived from the American instrument "Diabetes Quality of Life for Youths". The methods recommended in literature were used for the adaptation to the Brazilian culture and validation. The instrument includes 50 items distributed in the domains: Satisfaction (17 items) Impact (22 items) and Concerns (11 items). Its use demonstrated that its psychometric properties were adequate for its use in our environment.

[Thoughts on the preparation of nursing graduate students for undergraduate teaching]. / Reflexões sobre o preparo para a docência na pós-graduação em enfermagem.

It is noticeable the greater focus on scientific production in Graduate courses compared to the attention given to the preparation for teaching practices. This is a relevant issue considering the importance of having Masters and Doctors also prepared to form professionals in their area. This article discusses some aspects of the preparation of Graduate level students enrolled in the Teaching Improvement Program (Programa de Aperfeiçoamento de Ensino, PAE), which the University of São Paulo offers. It also describes the experience of students who participate in the program, emphasizing its contribution to the development of competences for college teaching in Nursing.

[Therapeutic intervention scoring system-28 (TISS-28): directions for application]. / Therapeutic intervention scoring system-28 (TISS-28): diretrizes para aplicação.

Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System-28 (TISS-28) is a tool that enables the measurement of the nursing work load in Intensive Care Units and the estimate of how grave the disease is. In this study are presented the operational definitions for its application, proposed by a group of specialists in the area, with the aim of rendering uniform the meaning of each of the items and preventing interpretation biases.

[Religiousness and health-related quality of life of older adults]. / Religiosidade e qualidade de vidarelacionada à saúde do idoso.

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether religiousness mediates the relationship between sociodemographic factors, multimorbidity and health-related quality of life of older adults. METHODS: This population-based cross-sectional study is part of the Survey on Health, Well-Being, and Aging (SABE). The sample was composed by 911 older adults from Sao Paulo, SP, Southeastern Brazil. Structural equation modeling was performed to assess the mediator effect of religiousness on the relationship between selected variables and health-related quality of life of older adults, with models for men and women. The independent variables were: age, education, family functioning and multimorbidity. The outcome variable was health-related quality of life of older adults, measured by SF-12 (physical and mental components). The mediator variables were organizational, non-organizational and intrinsic religiousness. Cronbach's alpha values were: physical component = 0.85; mental component = 0.80; intrinsic religiousness = 0.89 and family APGAR (Adaptability, Partnership, Growth, Affection, and Resolve) = 0.91. RESULTS: Higher levels of organizational and intrinsic religiousness were associated with better physical and mental components. Higher education, better family functioning and fewer diseases contributed directly to improved performance in physical and mental components, regardless of religiousness. For women, organizational religiousness mediated the relationship between age and physical (ß = 2.401, p < 0.01) and mental (ß = 1.663, p < 0.01) components. For men, intrinsic religiousness mediated the relationship between education and mental component (ß = 7.158, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Organizational and intrinsic religiousness had a beneficial effect on the relationship between age, education and health-related quality of life of these older adults.

Violência contra idosos e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde: estudo populacional no município de São Paulo, Brasil / Violence perpetrated against the elderly and health-related quality of life: a populational study in the city of São Paulo, Brazil

Resumo Objetivou-se identificar a prevalência da violência doméstica contra idosos não institucionalizados e verificar se esta é um fator independente associado aos Componentes Físico (CF) e Mental (CM) da Qualidade de Vida Relacionada à Saúde (QVRS) desses idosos. É um estudo epidemiológico transversal e de base populacional integrante do Estudo SABE (Saúde, Bem-Estar e Envelhecimento). A amostra foi de 1.126 idosos que responderam ao Short-Form 12 Health Related Survey (SF-12), instrumento genérico que avalia a QVRS em seus CF e CM. A prevalência da violência doméstica contra idosos foi de 10% (IC 95% 9,1 - 13,6). Na análise múltipla, a violência contra idosos permaneceu significativamente associada ao CM (β = -3,03; p = 0,000) e ao CF (β = -1,69; p = 0,017) da QVRS, independente de covariáveis sociodemográficas, de saúde, de apoio familiar e de incapacidade funcional. A prevalência da violência doméstica foi elevada e comprometeu a saúde física e mental dos idosos.

Abstract The scope of this work was to identify the prevalence of domestic violence against non-institutionalized elderly individuals, and to establish if violence is an independent factor associated with the Physical Component (PC) and Mental Component (MC) scores of the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) of these elderly individuals. It is a cross-sectional epidemiologic and population-based investigation that is part of the SABE (Wellbeing, Health and Aging) study. A sample of 1,126 elderly individuals filled out the Short-Form 12 (SF-12) Health Survey, namely a generic instrument that assesses HRQOL through the Physical and Mental components. The prevalence of domestic violence against of the elderly was 10% (CI 95% 9.1-13.6). In the multiple analyses, violence against the elderly was significantly associated to the MC (β = -3.03; p = 0.000) and to the PC (β = -1.69; p = 0.017) of HRQOL, independently of the sociodemographic, health, family support, and functional incapacity covariables. The prevalence of domestic violence was high and compromised the physical and mental health of the elderly.

[Quality of life of children with stomas: the children and mothers' point of view]. / Qualidade de vida de crianças ostomizadas na ótica das crianças e das mães.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the quality of life of children with stomas according to the children and mothers' point of view; to compare the results related to quality of life in both groups, and to verify the statistical associations between those aspects and children's demographic and clinical data. METHODS: After fulfilling ethical requirements, the specific data were obtained using the Autoquestionnaire Qualité de Vie Enfant Imagé, adapted and validated for Brazilian culture and also for this study by Assumpção Jr. et al. It is composed by 26 questions, 18 of them are distributed among four factors: Functions, Family, Autonomy and Leisure. RESULTS: Twenty children, aged 4 to 12 years, from a Specialized Outpatient Ostomy Care Center for Children and their respective mothers answered the questionnaire. Ten boys and 10 girls participated, their mean age was 8.7 (SD = 2.64) years, with the predominance of Caucasians (55.0%), and elementary education level (65.0%). Clinical profile shows a predominance of urinary stomas (55.0%) caused by congenital diseases (60.0%). Related to quality of life, the total mean scores were 51.95 (SD = 7.90) and 49.60 (SD = 5.60), respectively for children and mothers, without statistically significant difference. Regarding each factor, the patients' scores were 8.14, 8.29, 10.27 and 11.41, respectively for autonomy, leisure, functions and family. Some statistically significant associations were verified between education level and mothers' quality of life (r = -0.56) and children's quality of life (r = -0.63), and also between mothers' quality of life and family (r = 0.86), autonomy (r = 0.60) and functions (r = 0.59). CONCLUSION: This study improves the comprehension about quality of life of children with stoma as well as some of these aspects on their mother's point of view.

[Evaluation of the assistance given by a Nursing Assistance Center]. / AVALIAÇÃO DA ASSISTÊNCIA PRESTADA EM UM CENTRO ASSISTENCIAL DE ENFERMAGEM.

The Nursing Assistance was organized by the teachers of Medical-Surgical Nursing of the University of São Paulo (Brasil) School of Nursing. The evaluation was made by both clients-technical, administrative and domestic personnel of the School - and teachers responsible for the services. Both groups mentioned satisfaction with the attendance received or rendered and made suggestions for their improvement.

[Systematized evaluation of the teaching-learning process in medical-surgical nursing]. / AVALIAÇÃO SISTEMATIZADA DO PROCESSO ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM EM ENFERMAGEM MÉDICO-CIRÚRGICA.

This is a study about the students' about the teaching - apprenticeship process used for Medical-Surgical Nursing at the University of São Paulo School of Nursing, and their evaluation of the program. It also contains students' suggestion on the teaching method employed.

[Vomiting and hematemesis: generals aspects and nursing care]. / VÔMITO E HEMATÊMESE : aspectos gerais e conduta de enfermagem.

The authors describe succintly concept, physiopathology and most common causes of vomiting and hematemesis and the needed nursing care when such conditions are present.

[Urine exam: all strictness in collecting samples]. / EXAME DE URINA: TODO O RIGOR NA COLHEITA DE AMOSTRAS.

Urine Type I laboratorial exam anl it's physical, chemical and microscopic characteristics are presented, as novell as the care needed for it's collection, order to oftain accurate results in the analysis of urianry elements.

[Medical-surgical nursing integration evaluated by students and instructor]. / AVALIAÇÃO, POR DOCENTES E ALUNOS, DO PROCESSO DE INTEGRAÇÃO DAS DISCIPLINAS ENFERMAGEM MÉDICA E ENFERMAGEM CIRÚRGICA.

Students and "instructors" opinions were collected on the teaching of the Medical Nursing I program (for undergraduates) and on their experience on the respiratory, cardiologic, neurological, digestive and renal hospital units. 63.2% of the students felt the objectives had been reached, 77.2% that there was "some uniformity" of teaching each unit, that their hospital experience had been satisfactory in both quality and quantity in all units but in the Neurology units (one of these units was being remodeled and could not be used), that bibliography was sufficcient and adequate (73.7%), that there had been correlation between theory and practice in all units, and that evaluation had been satisfactory. Evaluation by instructors of some itens was not very different.

Religiousness and health-related quality of life of older adults / Religiosidade e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde do idoso

OBJECTIVE To examine whether religiousness mediates the relationship between sociodemographic factors, multimorbidity and health-related quality of life of older adults. METHODS This population-based cross-sectional study is part of the Survey on Health, Well-Being, and Aging (SABE). The sample was composed by 911 older adults from Sao Paulo, SP, Southeastern Brazil. Structural equation modeling was performed to assess the mediator effect of religiousness on the relationship between selected variables and health-related quality of life of older adults, with models for men and women. The independent variables were: age, education, family functioning and multimorbidity. The outcome variable was health-related quality of life of older adults, measured by SF-12 (physical and mental components). The mediator variables were organizational, non-organizational and intrinsic religiousness. Cronbach's alpha values were: physical component = 0.85; mental component = 0.80; intrinsic religiousness = 0.89 and family APGAR (Adaptability, Partnership, Growth, Affection, and Resolve) = 0.91. RESULTS Higher levels of organizational and intrinsic religiousness were associated with better physical and mental components. Higher education, better family functioning and fewer diseases contributed directly to improved performance in physical and mental components, regardless of religiousness. For women, organizational religiousness mediated the relationship between age and physical (β = 2.401, p < 0.01) and mental (β = 1.663, p < 0.01) components. For men, intrinsic religiousness mediated the relationship between education and mental component (β = 7.158, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Organizational and intrinsic religiousness had a beneficial effect on the relationship between age, education and health-related quality of life of these older adults.

OBJETIVO : Analisar se a religiosidade exerce efeito mediador na relação entre fatores sociodemográficos, multimorbidade e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde em idosos. MÉTODOS : Este estudo transversal, de base populacional, é parte do estudo Saúde, Bem-Estar e Envelhecimento (SABE). A amostra foi composta por 911 idosos da cidade de São Paulo, residentes na comunidade. A modelagem de equações estruturais foi realizada para verificar o efeito mediador da religiosidade na relação entre variáveis selecionadas e a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde dos idosos, com modelos para homens e mulheres. As variáveis independentes foram: idade, escolaridade, funcionalidade familiar e multimorbidade. A variável de desfecho foi a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde, medida pelo SF-12 (componentes físico e mental). As variáveis mediadoras foram a religiosidade organizacional, a não organizacional e a intrínseca. Os coeficientes alfa de Cronbach foram: componente físico = 0,85; componente mental = 0,80; religiosidade intrínseca = 0,89 e Apgar familiar = 0,91. RESULTADOS : Maiores níveis de religiosidade organizacional e intrínseca estiveram associados a melhor componente físico e mental para os idosos. Maior escolaridade, melhor funcionalidade familiar e menor número de doenças contribuíram diretamente para melhor desempenho nos componentes físico e mental, independente da religiosidade. Para as mulheres, a religiosidade organizacional mediou a relação entre a idade e os componentes físico (β = 2,401; p < 0,01) e mental (β = 1,663; p < 0,01). Para os homens, a religiosidade intrínseca mediou a relação entre a escolaridade e o componente mental (β = 7,158; p < 0,01). CONCLUSÕES : A religiosidade organizacional e intrínseca exercem efeito benéfico sobre a relação entre idade, escolaridade e a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde desses idosos.