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1.
Surg Radiol Anat ; 32(4): 335-41, 2010 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19812885

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Subchondral bone (SCB) of the vertebral endplates (VEP) is the principal site of changes in vertebral trabecular microarchitecture secondary to intervertebral disc degeneration. However, the microstructure of this region has not yet been clearly characterized. METHODS: One thoracic and one lumbar vertebral unit (vertebra-disc-vertebra) was removed in nine pigs aged 4 months. Three samples (one central and two laterals) were taken from each VEP. Micro-CT examination and histomorphometric measurements of the subchondral trabecular bone of the VEP were carried out. Correlations between micro-CT and histological parameters were sought. RESULTS: Trabecular network was significantly denser [increased bone volume fraction (BV/TV) and trabecular number (Tb.N), decreased intertrabecular separation (Tb.Sp)] in the cranial endplates of the vertebral units. It was also significantly denser and less well organized [increased degree of anisotropy (DA)] in the centre of the VEP. The thickness of the cartilage endplate (CEP), SCB and growth cartilage were significantly lower in the centre of the VEP. There was a significant negative correlation between BV/TV, Tb.N and DA with the thicknesses of the CEP and SCB whereas Tb.Sp was positively correlated with these two parameters. CONCLUSION: We observed densification of the trabecular network in the centre of the VEP overlying the nucleus pulposus, partly related to thinner hyaline cartilage. Densification is associated with more anisotropic architecture that could cause lower mechanical strength in this area. This study provides new information on the microarchitecture of the SCB of the VEP which will make it possible to validate future models.


Assuntos
Vértebras Lombares/diagnóstico por imagem , Vértebras Torácicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Microtomografia por Raio-X , Animais , Vértebras Lombares/ultraestrutura , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Suínos , Vértebras Torácicas/ultraestrutura
2.
Pan Afr Med J ; 25: 90, 2016.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28292053

RESUMO

Superior mesenteric artery syndrome is a rare complication occurring after surgical treatment for scoliosis. Surgical correction of the scoliotic spine produces vertical traction on the mesenteric artery and the narrowing of the aortomesenteric angle, hence the compression of the third part of the duodenum causing the syndrome. We here report the case of a young girl with an early form of superior mesenteric artery syndrome secondary to surgical correction of idiopathic scoliosis. The patient underwent posterior spinal fusion for idiopathic scoliosis. On the third postoperative day she experienced uncontrollable vomiting associated with no evacuation of faeces and no passing of flatus. Urgent abdominal CT scan was performed which allowed the diagnosis of superior mesenteric artery syndrome. Treatment consisted in the rest of the digestive tract associated with early parenteral nutrition and correction of fluid and electrolyte imbalances. Lacking evidence of clinical improvement, surgical indication was posed. The evolution was favourable with an uneventful postoperative recovery and the resumption of adequate food intake on the fourth postoperative day. The patient was discharged on the seventh postoperative day. Contributing factors are young age, long-limbed morphotype with BMI below 18. CT scan shows an important gastric dilatation associated with complete halt of the third part of the duodenum. The treatment is multidisciplinary, medical (first-line treatment) and surgical (if medical treatment do not help). A better knowledge of the predictors of medical treatment failure would reduce the length of hospital stay.


Assuntos
Escoliose/cirurgia , Fusão Vertebral/efeitos adversos , Síndrome da Artéria Mesentérica Superior/etiologia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/fisiopatologia , Fusão Vertebral/métodos , Síndrome da Artéria Mesentérica Superior/diagnóstico por imagem , Síndrome da Artéria Mesentérica Superior/terapia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Vômito/etiologia
3.
Artigo em Francês | AIM | ID: biblio-1263885

RESUMO

Une lésion du ligament croisé antérieur (LCA) est un événement multifactoriel influencé par des facteurs de risque intrinsèques et extrinsèques. Si les facteurs extrinsèques peuvent être modifiés, il n'en est pas de même pour les facteurs intrinsèques. Récemment, la géométrie du tibia proximal est considérée comme un facteur de risque possible pour une lésion du LCA.Hypothèse : Une pente tibiale élevée est associée à un risque élevé d'une lésion du LCA.Matériel et méthode : Nous avons comparé deux groupes : le premier de 32 patients avec rupture du LCA et le second de 32 patients sans lésion du LCA. Tous les patients ont bénéficié d'une radiographie du genou de profil. Ces radiographies de profil ont permis de calculer la pente tibiale selon trois méthodes en fonction de l'axe tibial choisi (corticale antérieure, tibial proximal de Dejour et Bonnin, corticale postérieure). Les valeurs des pentes tibiales ont été saisies sur Excel et analysées avec le logiciel Stata version 15.Résultats : Les moyennes de la pente tibiale mesurée dans le groupe 1 étaient de 16,40˚ selon la corticale antérieure ; 12,54˚ selon l'axe anatomique de Dejour et Bonnin et 8,92˚ selon la corticale postérieure. Les moyennes dans le groupe 2 étaient de 13,37˚ selon la corticale antérieure ; 9,80˚ selon l'axe anatomique de Dejour et Bonnin et 6,96˚ selon la corticale postérieure. L'analyse comparative entre les pentes tibiales du groupe 2 et celles du groupe 1, montre une majoration de la pente tibiale statistiquement significative pour les trois pentes tibiales.Conclusion : Il apparaît, à travers ces résultats, que la valeur de la pente tibiale est corrélée à la rupture du LCA. C'est une donnée fondamentale à prendre en considération lors des plasties ligamentaires, mais aussi dans toute chirurgie du genou


Assuntos
Ligamento Cruzado Anterior , Joelho , Saúde Radiológica , Ruptura , Senegal
4.
J Orthop Res ; 28(2): 232-40, 2010 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19658156

RESUMO

We conducted a micro-CT analysis of subchondral bone of the vertebral end-plates after application of compressive stress. Thoracic and lumbar vertebral units were instrumented by carrying out left asymmetric tether in eleven 4-week-old pigs. After 3 months of growth, instrumented units and control units were harvested. Micro-CT study of subchondral bone was performed on one central and two lateral specimens (fixated side and non-fixated side). In control units, bone volume fraction (BV/TV), number of trabeculae (Tb.N), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), and degree of anisotropy (DA) were significantly higher, whereas intertrabecular space (Tb.Sp) was significantly lower in center than in periphery. No significant difference between the fixated and non-fixated sides was found. In instrumented units, BV/TV, Tb.N, Tb.Th, and DA were significantly higher in center than in periphery. BV/TV, Tb.N, and Conn.D were significantly higher in fixated than in non-fixated side, while Tb.Sp was significantly lower. We noted BV/TV, Tb.N, and Tb.Th significantly lower, and Tb.Sp significantly higher, in the instrumented levels. This study showed, in instrumented units, two opposing processes generating a reorganization of the trabecular network. First, an osteolytic process (decrease in BV/TV, Tb.N, Tb.Th) by stress-shielding, greater in center and on non-fixated side. Second, an osteogenic process (higher BV/TV, Tb.N, Conn.D, and lower Tb.Sp) due to the compressive loading induced by growth on the fixated side. This study demonstrates the densification of the trabecular bone tissue of the vertebral end-plates after compressive loading, and illustrates the potential risks of excessively rigid spinal instrumentation which may induce premature osteopenia.


Assuntos
Adaptação Fisiológica , Vértebras Lombares/diagnóstico por imagem , Estresse Mecânico , Vértebras Torácicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Animais , Anisotropia , Força Compressiva , Vértebras Lombares/anatomia & histologia , Vértebras Lombares/fisiologia , Modelos Animais , Sus scrofa , Vértebras Torácicas/anatomia & histologia , Vértebras Torácicas/fisiologia , Microtomografia por Raio-X/métodos
5.
Artigo em Francês | AIM | ID: biblio-1263838

RESUMO

Introduction : Le but de cette étude était d'évaluer les résultats cliniques et radiologiques des patients ayant une instabilité antérieure traitée par la technique de Latarjet. Patients et méthodes : Dans cette étude rétrospective 14 patients (15 épaules) ont été opérés entre janvier 2013 et décembre 2016 pour une luxation récidivante de l'épaule selon la technique de Latarjet à foyer ouvert. La fonction de l'épaule a été appréciée selon les cotations de Rowe, Duplay , et WOSI (the Western Ontario ShoulderInstability). Les résultats radiographiques ont concerné la consolidation du greffon et la position de la butée. Résultats : Le recul moyen était de 34 mois (7- 64). Douze patients étaient très satisfaits de la stabilité et de la fonction de leur épaules. il n'y avait pas de récidive. Selon la cotation de Walch et Duplay les résultats étaient bons (n=13) et moyen (n=1). Selon Rowe ils étaient bons (n=13) et mauvais ( n=1). Selon la cotation WOSI ils étaient excellents ( n=8), bons ( n=4), et moyens (n=2). Toutes les butées ont consolidées. Elles étaient sous l'équateur. Elles étaient affleurantes (n=14), médiale (n=1). Conclusion : Ce travail suggère que la technique de Latarjet réalisée à foyer ouvert offre aux patients une stabilisation de l'épaule, des mobilités quasi-normales, et la possibilité de reprendre dans de bonnes conditions des activités professionnelles et sportives


Assuntos
Dente Suporte , Dente Suporte/estatística & dados numéricos , Pacientes , Senegal , Ombro
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