RESUMO
New treatments for metastatic melanoma work through distinct mechanisms: enhancing the immune response and blocking cellular proliferation. Agents that enhance the immune response include ipilimumab, pembrolizumb, and nivolumab; agents that block cellular proliferation include vemurafenib, dabrafenib, trametinib, cobimetinib, binimetinib, and selumetinib. The translational impact of laboratory discoveries has revolutionized management of metastatic melanoma and enhanced the prognosis of affected patients.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Fatores Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Melanoma/tratamento farmacológico , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/tratamento farmacológico , Anticorpos Monoclonais/uso terapêutico , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/uso terapêutico , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Azetidinas/uso terapêutico , Benzimidazóis/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Imidazóis/uso terapêutico , Fatores Imunológicos/efeitos adversos , Indóis/uso terapêutico , Ipilimumab , Melanoma/secundário , Terapia de Alvo Molecular , Nivolumabe , Oximas/uso terapêutico , Piperidinas/uso terapêutico , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas B-raf/antagonistas & inibidores , Piridonas/uso terapêutico , Pirimidinonas/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Sulfonamidas/uso terapêutico , VemurafenibRESUMO
Myofibroma is a rare, benign myofibroblastic tumor that commonly presents at birth or in early infancy, usually as a painless, slow-growing, solitary, nodular mass. We present a case of a 40-year-old woman with a painful, solitary, myofibroma on the right elbow. The unique features of this case include age and gender of the patient, site, pain on presentation, tumor morphology, and putative intravascular nature of the tumor.
Assuntos
Miofibroma/patologia , Malformações Vasculares/patologia , Neoplasias Vasculares/patologia , Idoso , Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Biópsia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Cotovelo , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Miofibroma/química , Miofibroma/terapia , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Neoplasias Vasculares/química , Neoplasias Vasculares/terapia , Conduta ExpectanteRESUMO
Blue nevi are benign proliferations of melaninproducingdendritic melanocytes located in thedermis. These nevi tend to occur mostly on the skin,predominantly on the head and neck, dorsal aspectsof the distal extremities, and the sacral area, butcan also occasionally appear on mucosal surfaces.Blue nevi of the nail apparatus are uncommon. Themajority originate in the nail matrix where there is ahigher density of melanocytes. Herein we report ona 47-year-old man with a rare common blue nevus ofthe nail bed, an area with low melanocyte density. Athorough review of the English language literaturefound no documented cases of acquired blue nevioriginating in the nailbed of the toe.
Assuntos
Doenças da Unha/diagnóstico , Nevo Azul/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/diagnóstico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças da Unha/patologia , Nevo Azul/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Psoriasis has an estimated prevalence of 0.5% to 2.0% in children. There is a paucity of data regarding the management and safety of treatments currently available for children with moderate to severe psoriasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment response and safety of systemic therapies used to manage moderate to severe pediatric psoriasis in a single referral center. Despite a small sample size, it was hypothesized that multiple therapeutics used for adult psoriasis would have a similar side-effect profile and positive disease response when used in a pediatric population. METHODS: A retrospective case series evaluated 51 children with moderate to severe psoriasis treated with systemic therapies for adverse event occurrence and for disease response using a 5-point Physician Global Assessment scale. RESULTS: Fifty-one patients, some of whom used multiple treatment options, produced 80 treatment data points. Adverse events were reported in 29 of these 80 treatments, with most being minor, subjective side effects. Overall, the most commonly reported side effect was fatigue, which was reported in 7.5% of treatments. Because of the small sample size, the data collected are limited and may not represent a comprehensive safety profile, nor do they allow comparison of efficacy between therapies. This case series found that biologic and immunomodulating therapies provide well-tolerated treatments with positive disease response for moderate to severe pediatric psoriasis. CONCLUSION: Although sample size and study design limit the data from this study, the study provides some guidance where little exists and helps to support the use of these treatments in this setting.
Assuntos
Psoríase/tratamento farmacológico , Acitretina/administração & dosagem , Adalimumab/administração & dosagem , Adalimumab/uso terapêutico , Adolescente , Artrite Psoriásica/tratamento farmacológico , Criança , Ciclosporina/uso terapêutico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Etanercepte/administração & dosagem , Etanercepte/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Humanos , Fatores Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Metotrexato/administração & dosagem , Metotrexato/uso terapêutico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Ustekinumab/administração & dosagemRESUMO
Palmoplantar psoriasis is a chronic debilitating type of psoriasis. Treatment options for this disease are poorly studied. This chart review evaluated the use of methotrexate alone and in combination with 7 other systemic therapies in 48 patients with palmoplantar psoriasis. The findings demonstrate that methotrexate is a relatively well-tolerated and effective treatment for palmoplantar psoriasis, amenable as either monotherapy or in combination with other systemic agents.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/uso terapêutico , Fármacos Dermatológicos/uso terapêutico , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Metotrexato/uso terapêutico , Psoríase/tratamento farmacológico , Adalimumab/uso terapêutico , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/efeitos adversos , Ciclosporina/uso terapêutico , Fármacos Dermatológicos/efeitos adversos , Quimioterapia Combinada/efeitos adversos , Etanercepte/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Dermatoses do Pé/tratamento farmacológico , Dermatoses da Mão/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Imunossupressores/efeitos adversos , Infliximab/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Metotrexato/efeitos adversos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ácido Micofenólico/análogos & derivados , Ácido Micofenólico/uso terapêutico , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Talidomida/análogos & derivados , Talidomida/uso terapêutico , Ustekinumab/uso terapêutico , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Primary cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is responsible for ~10,000 deaths annually in the United States. Stratification of risk of poor outcome (PO) including recurrence, metastasis and disease specific death (DSD) at initial biopsy would significantly impact clinical decision-making during the initial post operative period where intervention has been shown to be most effective. In this multi-institutional study, we developed a state-of-the-art self-supervised deep-learning approach with interpretability power and demonstrated its ability to predict poor outcomes of cSCCs at the time of initial biopsy. By highlighting histomorphological phenotypes, our approach demonstrates that poor differentiation and deep invasion correlate with poor prognosis. Our approach is particularly efficient at defining poor outcome risk in Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH) T2a and American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) T2 cSCCs. This bridges a significant gap in our ability to assess risk among T2a/T2 cSCCs and may be useful in defining patients at highest risk of poor outcome at the time of diagnosis. Early identification of highest-risk patients could signal implementation of more stringent surveillance, rigorous diagnostic work up and identify patients who might best respond to early postoperative adjunctive treatment.