Coal tar phototherapy for psoriasis reevaluated: erythemogenic versus suberythemogenic ultraviolet with a tar extract in oil and crude coal tar.

Recent studies have questioned the therapeutic value of coal tar versus ultraviolet (UV) radiation and their relative necessity in phototherapy for psoriasis. In this investigation, different aspects of tar phototherapy have been studied in single-blind bilateral paired comparison studies. The effects of 1% crude coal tar were compared with those of petrolatum in conjunction with erythemogenic and suberythemogenic doses of ultraviolet light (UVB) using a FS72 sunlamp tubed cabinet. Crude coal tar was clinically superior to petrolatum with suberythemogenic ultraviolet. With the erythemogenic UVB, petrolatum was equal in efficacy to crude coal tar. Suberythemogenic UVB was also used adjunctively to compare the effects of a 5% concentration of a tar extract in an oil base to 5% crude coal tar in petrolatum or the oil base without tar. The tar extract in oil plus suberythemogenic UVB produced significantly more rapid improvement than the oil base plus UVB. The direct bilateral comparison of equal concentrations of tar extract in oil base versus crude coal tar in petrolatum in a suberythemogenic UV photo regimen revealed no statistical differences between treatments. In a study comparing tar extract in oil and the oil base without ultraviolet radiation, the tar extract in oil side responded more rapidly. This demonstrates a direct effect of tar alone in therapy. We have also studied the effects of erythemogenic and suberythemogenic UVB with and without tar extract in oil in the hairless mouse epidermal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis suppression assay. It was found that erythemogenic dosages of UVB produced near maximal inhibition of DNA synthesis with or without coal tars. Suberythemogenic dosages of UVB produced submaximal suppression of DNA synthesis that was enhanced by adjunctive coal tar but not by vehicle, findings which are consistent with the above clinical results. These studies suggest that coal tars combined with suberythemogenic UVB therapy is a practical alternative (to more aggressive UVB therapy without coal tar) which reduces the UVB exposure to the patient.

Anthralin for psoriasis: short-contact anthralin therapy compared with topical steroid and conventional anthralin.

Anthralin is an effective topical drug for psoriasis therapy. Recent studies have suggested that anthralin may be effective in high concentrations for short periods of skin contact. The purpose of these studies was to compare psoriasis improvement rates in patients treated with 0.3% anthralin ointment for 10 minutes' skin contact daily with patients treated with a topical steroid, difluorosone diacetate. A further study conducted was a bilateral paired comparison between conventional strength (0.1%-0.5%) anthralin ointment overnight with high concentration anthralin (0.5%-3%) for short contact periods of 10 minutes daily. The results showed good responses in all treatment groups. Short-contact anthralin is confirmed as a practical means of outpatient therapy for psoriasis.