RESUMO
PURPOSE: The aim of this article was to validate the Spanish version of the Home Environment Survey (HES-S) and was divided in two studies: (1) to assess the reliability, convergent validity of HES-S in a survey of 145 parents of children with overweight/obesity; (2) to study the magnitude of the association between children's BMI status with the latent scores theoretically defined by the HES model. METHODS: To test the scale and the model, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and a path analysis were carried out among a sample of 156 parents of preadolescents (106 overweight/obesity and 50 normal-weight children). No CFA or EFA were carried out in the validation of the original instrument. RESULTS: Study 1, both the Physical Activity and the Eating Habits components of the scale showed adequate levels of internal consistency for the majority of the scales, except for two. One of them, Healthy Eating Parental Policies (HEP) subscale was reduced after excluded two items, although it did not improve substantially. This model indicated that there was a significant association between the two Eating Habits scales and the child's weight status, but child's weight was not associated with the Physical Activity components. Convergent validity was confirmed by correlations with related variables: family eating habits (F-EAT), parent's physical activity (IPAQ), and children's physical activity (assessed via accelerometers during one week). Study 2, our results replicated the original four factor structure proposed for physical activity (CFI = 0.99; RMSEA = 0.03), but the original factor structure of the eating habits component was not supported. In addition, the relationship of the child's weight status, the Physical Activity components, and the two scales of Eating Habits (Parental Modeling and Policies) was explored with a path analysis showing good fit indices (CFI = 0.95; RMSEA = 0.06). Child's BMI was negatively associated with Healthy Eating Parental Role Modeling (r = - 0.21) and with Healthy Eating Parental Policies (r = - 0.19), but not with the factors of Child's Physical Activity model. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first instrument to assess obesogenic family environment in Spanish speaking countries, which is a relevant dimension within a health perspective so as to implement new policies and strategies in obesity tertiary prevention. Overall, the confirmatory factor analysis of the HES-S has only provided additional support for one part related to Physical Activity. In addition, Child's BMI was correlated with scales of Eating Habits but not with Child's Physical Activity factor. These results clearly suggest that further research is warranted. LEVEL III: Case-control analytic study.
Assuntos
Obesidade , Sobrepeso , Índice de Massa Corporal , Criança , Comportamento Alimentar , Humanos , Pais , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Endoscopic bariatric therapies (EBT) have demonstrated to induce weight loss and improve comorbidities in obese patients. However, little is known about its impact on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes and physical activity status. This study aimed to evaluate the change in HRQOL and physical activity following EBT induced weight loss in obese patients. METHODS: We approached 181 patients who underwent EBT in a standardized multidisciplinary follow-up program to participate in the study. We provided them two questionnaires-a) Short Form-36 health survey with the physical (PSC) and mental (MSC) summary component scores to capture generic HRQOL, and b) international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) for physical activity (PA). We administered the survey at baseline and at 9 months post-procedure. We expressed the procedure outcome as percentage total body weight loss (%TBWL). We expressed continuous variables as mean (SD) or median and categorical variables as percentages. We used non-parametric tests for comparison and performed multivariable linear regression analysis to identify factors associated with improvement in HRQOL. RESULTS: The mean age was 42.2 (11.3) years, and the mean BMI was 38 (5.9)kg/m2. A majority of them were female (n-132, 73%). The EBT included intragastric balloons (n-136, 75%) and endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (n-24, 25%). The mean %TBWL achieved after the intervention was 16.9 (9.7)%. We noticed a significant improvement in the median PSC (77.8 vs. 90.4, p < 0.001) and MSC (67 vs. 80.2, p < 0.001) scores after EBT. Similarly, we observed a significant positive change in physical activity compared to baseline (1606.2 vs. 2749 MET-minutes/week, p = < 0.001). Linear regression analysis showed an increase in %TBWL was associated with significant improvement in PSC (ß = 0.193, p = 0.003) and MSC (ß = 0.166, p = 0.02) scores of HRQOL, and likewise, increase in PA was independently associated with improvement in MSC (ß = 0.192, p = 0.01). We did not find any difference in outcome based on gender or the type of intervention. CONCLUSION: EBT improves HRQOL in obese patients regardless of the type of intervention. The weight loss induced by EBT and the improvement in PA positively influence the health outcomes and quality of life.
Assuntos
Exercício Físico , Gastroplastia/psicologia , Qualidade de Vida , Redução de Peso , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/cirurgia , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a multifactorial illness. Although several studies have determined which factors could predispose AN, few studies have determined which factors could precipitate it. What is more, it has been suggested that having experienced stressful life events (SLE) could be related to the onset of AN. The aim of this study was to explore specific psychosocial and familial correlates and the impact of SLE in the onset of AN. Following a case-control design, 40 adolescents diagnosed with AN were matched to three control groups, 40 healthy adolescents, 40 adolescents with affective disorders, 40 adolescents with asthma and their families by sex, age and socioeconomic status. Diagnostic interviews K-DSADS and questionnaires were used. The results empathised that no specific predisposing correlates were found for AN. Similarly, the increase of the amount of SLE prior to the onset is an overall characteristic for psychiatric disorders, which in AN it is only specifically related to psychological correlates, but no to cortisol. In terms of specific SLE, those related to interpersonal problems were frequent at the onset of AN. The results highlight the consequences of SLEs in the emotional well-being of the AN adolescents, that could be specific for this psychopathology.
Assuntos
Anorexia Nervosa/psicologia , Relações Familiares/psicologia , Relações Interpessoais , Acontecimentos que Mudam a Vida , Estresse Psicológico/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Anorexia Nervosa/diagnóstico , Anorexia Nervosa/epidemiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estresse Psicológico/diagnóstico , Estresse Psicológico/epidemiologia , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Background. The aetiology of childhood obesity is complex. It involves the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Obstetric complications have been associated with the development of mental disorder and other medical conditions. The aim of this research is to study the association between perinatal complications and childhood obesity. Methods. We present data from a case-control study composed of 60 mothers of obese children and 92 mothers of healthy control children between 8-12 years. We interviewed the mothers and we studied obstetric complications with the Lewis Murray Scale. We compared the two groups with chi - square analysis and odds ratios. Results. We found a higher prevalence of obstetric complications in delivery in the group with obesity. The most frequent obstetric complication was emergency caesarean; a significant difference was shown with the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion. Obstetric complications are related to the development of childhood obesity. It is important to study the perinatal period as a relevant factor, in order to develop and implement prevention programs.
Assuntos
Obesidade Infantil/epidemiologia , Complicações na Gravidez , Adulto , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Obesidade Infantil/etiologia , Gravidez , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Fundamento: La etiología de la obesidad infantil es compleja y se encuentra implicada la interacción de factores genéticos y ambientales. Las complicaciones obstétricas se han asociado al desarrollo de trastornos mentales y médicos, incluida la obesidad. El objetivo de esta investigación es estudiar la asociación entre las complicaciones durante el embarazo y el parto y el desarrollo de obesidad infantil. Participantes y método: Se presentan los datos de un estudio de casos y controles compuesto por 60 madres de niños con obesidad comparado con 92 madres de niños controles con normopeso y con edades comprendidas entre los 8 y 12 años. Se realizó una entrevista clínica a las madres y se estudiaron las complicaciones obstétricas mediante la Escala Lewis-Murray. Resultados: Se observó una mayor frecuencia de complicaciones durante el parto en el grupo de madres de niños con obesidad. La complicación obstétrica más frecuente fue la cesárea de emergencia, mostrando diferencias significativas con el grupo control sano. La edad de la madre en el parto menor de 30 años y el nivel socioeconómico bajo fueron las variables que mostraron una mayor relación con la obesidad actual de los niños. Conclusiones: Las complicaciones obstétricas parecen estar relacionadas con el desarrollo posterior de obesidad infantil. Es necesario continuar estudiando el periodo perinatal como factor relevante, de cara a desarrollar e implementar programas de prevención e intervención temprana (AU)
Background: The aetiology of childhood obesity is complex. It involves the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Obstetric complications have been associated with the development of mental disorder and other medical conditions. The aim of this research is to study the association between perinatal complications and childhood obesity. Methods: We present data from a case-control study composed of 60 mothers of obese children and 92 mothers of healthy control children between 8-12 years. We interviewed the mothers and we studied obstetric complications with the Lewis-Murray Scale. We compared the two groups with chisquare analysis and odds ratios. Results: We found a higher prevalence of obstetric complications in delivery in the group with obesity. The most frequent obstetric complication was emergency caesarean; a significant difference was shown with the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Obstetric complications are related to the development of childhood obesity. It is important to study the perinatal period as a relevant factor, in order to develop and implement prevention programs (AU)