Improved bacterial leaf blight disease resistance in the major elite Vietnamese rice cultivar TBR225 via editing of the OsSWEET14 promoter.

TBR225 is one of the most popular commercial rice varieties in Northern Vietnam. However, this variety is highly susceptible to bacterial leaf blight (BLB), a disease caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) which can lead to important yield losses. OsSWEET14 belongs to the SWEET gene family that encodes sugar transporters. Together with other Clade III members, it behaves as a susceptibility (S) gene whose induction by Asian Xoo Transcription-Activator-Like Effectors (TALEs) is absolutely necessary for disease. In this study, we sought to introduce BLB resistance in the TBR225 elite variety. First, two Vietnamese Xoo strains were shown to up-regulate OsSWEET14 upon TBR225 infection. To investigate if this induction is connected with disease susceptibility, nine TBR225 mutant lines with mutations in the AvrXa7, PthXo3 or TalF TALEs DNA target sequences of the OsSWEET14 promoter were obtained using the CRISPR/Cas9 editing system. Genotyping analysis of T0 and T1 individuals showed that mutations were stably inherited. None of the examined agronomic traits of three transgene-free T2 edited lines were significantly different from those of wild-type TBR225. Importantly, one of these T2 lines, harboring the largest homozygous 6-bp deletion, displayed decreased OsSWEET14 expression as well as a significantly reduced susceptibility to a Vietnamese Xoo strains and complete resistance to another one. Our findings indicate that CRISPR/Cas9 editing conferred an improved BLB resistance to a Vietnamese commercial elite rice variety.

The effect of esketamine on postoperative analgesia and postpartum depression after cesarean section / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To observe the effect of combination of esketamine and sufentanil on postoperative analgesia and postpartum depression after cesarean section.Methods:A total of 150 primiparous women who underwent lower segment cesarean section under spinal anesthesia and postoperative analgesia at Changsha Maternal and Child Health Hospital from February to October 2021 were selected and randomly divided into three groups: A, B, and C, with 50 cases in each group. All three groups underwent combined spinal epidural anesthesia and received patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) after surgery. The group A received low-dose esketamine via intravenous pump after fetal delivery, with PCIA formula esketamine combined with sufentanil; After the delivery of fetuses in the group B and the group C, an equal dose of physiological saline was pumped into the vein. The PCIA formula of esketamine combined with sufentanil for the group B and Sufentanil for the group C. We compared the pain Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) scores of three groups of patients at different time points after surgery, as well as the postoperative pain relief rate and incidence of adverse reactions.Resultsl:There was a statistically significant difference in VAS between the group A and the group B within 48 hours after surgery compared to the group C (all P<0.05), while there was a statistically significant difference in VAS between the group A and the group B within 24 hours after surgery (all P<0.05). The postoperative pain relief rate in the group A and group B was significantly lower than that in the group C, and the incidence of postpartum depression within 7 days after surgery was significantly lower than that in the group C. Moreover, the incidence of postpartum depression in the group A was lower than that in the group B within 3 days after surgery, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of postpartum depression among the three groups 42 days after surgery (all P>0.05), and there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions among the three groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Esketamine combined with sufentanil can synergistically enhance the analgesic effect after cesarean section and reduce the incidence of early postpartum depression after surgery.

Effect of esmketamine for labor analgesia on development of postpartum depression / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effect of esmketamine for labor analgesia on the occurrence of postpartum depression (PPD).Methods:Two hundred and forty-two cases of nulliparous parturients who selected natural labor and agreed to receive labor analgesia were selected and divided into conventional labor analgesia group (C-LA group, n=119) and esmketamine-based labor analgesia group (E-LA group, n=123). The epidural labor analgesia solution contained ropivacaine 100 mg and sufentanil 30 μg in 100 ml of normal saline in C-LA group. The epidural labor analgesia solution contained ropivacaine 100 mg, sufentanil 30 μg and esketamine 50 mg in 100 ml of normal saline in E-LA group. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to screen parturients for depression on admission to the predelivery room and at 2 h and 1, 7 and 42 days after delivery, and EPDS scores were recorded. The patients were diagnosed as having PPD when EPDS score ≥ 9 at 7-42 days after delivery. Peripheral venous blood samples were collected on admission to the predelivery room and at 1 day after delivery to determine the concentrations of serum estrogen, progesterone, 5-hydroxytryptamine and cortisol by enzyme linked inmunosorbent assay. Results:Compared with group C-LA, the EPDS scores were significantly decreased on the 1 and 42 days after delivery( P<0.01), no significant change was found in the incidence of PPD (1.7%/0.8%, P>0.05), no significant change was found in the concentrations of serum estrogen, progesterone, 5-hydroxytryptamine and cortisol on admission to the delivery room ( P>0.05), and the concentrations of serum progesterone and cortisol were significantly increased on 1 day after delivery in group E-LA ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Combination of esketamine is helpful in reducing the risk of postpartum depression when used for epidural labor analgesia, and the mechanism is related to slowing the declines in blood levels of sex hormones and stress hormones after delivery.

Coagulation function changes after CD19-CAR-T cells immunotherapy for B-ALL and its related factors / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the changes of various cytokines and coagulation function in B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL) patients with different CRS scores during CD19-CAR-T cell immunotherapy.Methods:87 patients with B-ALL hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University and 30 normal controls were enrolled into this study from July 2018 to October 2020. The age of the patients was 32(20, 56) years old and 36(41.4%) were female. All these coagulation indicators, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), D-dimer, fibrinogen (Fg) were analyzed by automatic blood coagulation in B-ALL patients before and after treated with CAR-T cell. The ratio of CD19-CAR-T cells and the expression of IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, TFN-α, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-17A were analyzed using flow cytometry. The patients′ clinical parameters were detected, and the CRS classification of severity was made according to the standard of consensus.Results:Patients with CRS>3 had prolonged PT and APTT, increased D-dimer, and decreased fibrinogen ( P<0.05). The levels of cytokines of IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-10 were significantly higher in patients with CRS>3 than that in controls ( P<0.05).The D-dimer level is positively correlated with IL-10. Conclusion:Patients with severe CRS grading have significant coagulation dysfunction in CD19-CAR-T cell immunotherapy. Cytokines IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-10 may affect coagulation function and CRS grading during CD19-CAR-T cell immunotherapy.

Advance in Respiratory Training for Prevention and Treatment of Nonspecific Low Back Pain (review) / 中国康复理论与实践

Respiratory training can prevent and treat nonspecific low back pain, mainly by activating the deep stabilizing muscles of trunk, establishing appropriate intra-abdominal pressure and optimizing the proprioceptive input of lumbar back, so as to maintain the stability and control of the spine. At present, the commonly used breathing training methods in clinic mainly include diaphragmatic breathing, inspiratory muscle training and abdominal breathing. However, the formulation of respiratory training prescriptions and the comparative study of therapeutic effects among different respiratory training methods still need to be further explored.

MicroRNA-125-5p targeted CXCL13: a potential biomarker associated with immune thrombocytopenia.

BACKGROUND: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired and autoimmune disease of adults and children characterized by decreased platelet production. CXC chemokine ligand-13 (CXCL13) participates in multiple immunological responses. However, it is still unknown the relationship between CXCL13 and ITP. METHODS: Plasma CXCL13 was detected in ITP (n = 30) children. CD4+ T cells was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy volunteers. Treated CD4+ T cells with dexamethasone and/or miR-125-5p mimic/inhibitor, to observe the regulation of CXCL13. RESULTS: Compared with controls, ITP children had elevated plasma CXCL13, the concentration of which was reduced after treatment. In vitro, dexamethasone decreased CXCL13 level in in dose- dependent and in time-dependent manner. MiR-125-5p mimic decreased CXCL13 level and miR-125-5p inhibitor increased CXCL13 level in CD4+ T cells. CXCL13 was implied to be target gene of miR-125-5p. MiR-125-5p inhibitor also canceled dexamethasone induced decrease of CXCL13. CONCLUSION: CXCL13 is the target gene of miR-125-5p, which is possibly involved in the pathological process of ITP.

Antihypertensive Effect of Tianmu Jiangya Powder on SHR Rats and Its Mechanism / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To investigate the antihypertensive effect of Tianmu Jiangya powder and its related antihypertensive mechanism by using SHR rats as a model, and protein expressions provide an experimental basis for the clinical application of Tianmu Jiangya powder in the treatment of hypertension. Method::Sixty male SHR rats were randomly divided into six groups according to body weight after one week of adaptive feeding: model group, valsartan group (12 mg·kg-1), captopril group (9 mg·kg-1), hydrochlorothiazide group (6 mg·kg-1), Tianmu Jiangya powder low and high-dose group (0.36, 1.44 g·kg-1), WKY rats were used as the normal group, and the intragastric administration lasted for 16 weeks. Softron BP-2010A intelligent non-invasive blood pressure meter was used to measure the systolic blood pressure (SBP)and heart rate (HR) of rat tail arteries. Adobe Photoshop CS5 software was used to analyze the left auricle and claw fixed selected areas to evaluate the effect on blood stasis syndrome. Vevo 2100 small animal ultrasound imaging system detects left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular shortening (FS), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-systole dimension (LVIDs), left ventricular end-diastole dimension (LVIDd), interventricular septum end-systolic depth (IVSs), and interventricular septum end-diastolic depth (IVSd). Then the rats were sacrificed and the materials were taken (blood, heart, aorta, liver, kidney, tibia), and the weight of heart, liver, kidney and tibia length were measured and recorded. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the pathological changes of the heart and thoracic aorta. Separation of serum and plasma, and determination of nitric oxide (NO) in serum by nitrate reductase method. Radioimmunoassay was used to detect plasma adrenaline/3 methoxyadrenaline (MN), urea (UREA), and uric acid (UA) contents. The expression of nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) protein in thoracic aorta of each group was detected and analyzed by immunohistochemical method. Result::Compared with normal group, the SBP and HR of the rats in model group were significantly increased (P<0.05). The r value of the claw was significantly reduced and the g value was significantly increased at 8 and 16 weeks (P<0.05). LVEF and FS significantly decreased, LVESV, LVIDs, IVSd increased significantly (P<0.05). Heart weight, heart weight /tibia length, liver weight and liver weight /tibia length, plasma of MN, UREA, and UA contents significantly increased, and promoted the expression of iNOS and VEGF proteins in the aortic (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the Tianmu Jiangya powder administration group could continuously reduce SBP in SHR rats, maintain HR stability (P<0.05), significantly increase the claw of r value, lower the claw of g value(P<0.05). LVEF, FS significantly increased, LVEDV, LVESV, LVIDd and LVIDs significantly decreased (P<0.05), significantly increased serum NO content, decreased liver weight, liver weight/tibia length, plasma MN, UREA, UA content (P<0.05), and down-regulated the expression of iNOS and VEGF protein in the aorta(P<0.05). Conclusion::Tianmu Jiangya powder has a certain antihypertensive effect, and its mechanism may be mainly related to protecting heart function, improving vascular endothelial function, reducing catecholamines and sedative analgesia.

Anti-lipopolysaccharide effect of ultrafine granular powder of Houttuynia cordata / 中草药

Objective: To study the anti-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) effect of the ultrafine granular powder of Houttuynia cordata and the effects in comparison with traditional decoction pieces. Methods: BALB/c mice were injected with LPS through nose to establish lung inflammation model. The number of leukocytes in mice whole blood was examined, and the degree of the inflammation of lung tissue by pathology was observed. Rat inflammatory model was induced by injection of LPS into tail vein. The number of leukocytes in mice whole blood, content of LPS in plasma were examined, the content of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunoadsordent assay (ELISA). The limulus test method was used to detect the anti- lipopolysaccharide effect of the ultrafine granular powder of H. cordata in vitro. Results: The ultrafine granular powder of H. cordata and traditional decoction pieces can reduce the level of leukocytes in mice whole blood in various degrees, and alleviated the infiltration of inflammatory cells in pathological lung tissue, and there was a positive dosage dependent relation. For the two decoction pieces, the number of leukocytes in rat whole blood, the content of LPS in plasma, the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in serum decreased in different degrees were found. Compared with traditional decoction pieces group, the content of IL-1β and TNF-α of serum in ultrafine granular powder group were significant decreased. The ultrafine granular powder of H. cordata showed better anti-inflammatory activity than traditional decoction pieces in vitro at the same concentration and same dilution ratio. Conclusion: The ultrafine granular powder of H. cordata has satisfactory anti-lipopolysaccharide effect, and the effect is better than traditional decoction pieces in some extent.

A Survey on Intelligent Screening for Diabetic Retinopathy / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of vision loss and can be effectively avoided by screening, early diagnosis and treatment. In order to increase the universality and efficiency of DR screening, many efforts have been invested in developing intelligent screening, and there have been great advances. In this paper, we survey DR screening from four perspectives: 1) public color fundus image datasets of DR; 2) DR classification and related lesion-extraction approaches; 3) existing computer-aided systems for DR screening; and 4) existing issues, challenges, and research trends. Our goal is to provide insights for future research directions on DR intelligent screening.

Effect of S1PR2 inhibition on epithelial ovarian cancer SKOV3 cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective To study the effect and mechanism of S1PR2 inhibition on epithelial ovarian cancer SKOV3 cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Methods(1)A pair of S1PR2 gene small interference RNA(siRNA),namely si-S1PR2,and a pair of negative control siRNA were designed.Western blot methods were used to detect the silence efficiency of the S1PR2 in the si-S1PR2 group,blank control group and negative control group.(2)Study in vitro: the experiment included three groups, namely si-S1PR2 group, blank control group and negative control group. Cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay was used to detect the proliferation inhibition rates of the transfected cells. The cell cycles of the transfected cells were measured by flow cytometry. Western blot was used to detect the levels of phosph-extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2(p-ERK1/2)of the transfected cells.(3)Study in vivo:to establish intraperitoneal transplantation models, 8 mice in each group were intraperitoneally injected with 5×106SKOV3 cells. Phosphate buffered saline(PBS)or JTE-013 were administered into mice twice per week starting on day 7 after the injection of the cancer cells. Twenty-eight days after nude mice intraperitoneal injection with JTE-013 or PBS,the mice were sacrificed and the number and the weight of visible tumors were calculated. Results(1)The results of western blot showed that the relative S1PR2 protein expression levels were 0.24±0.04 in the si-S1PR2 group,which was lower than that in the blank control group(1.10±0.14,P<0.01) and negative control group(1.07 ± 0.13, P<0.01).(2)The results of CCK-8 assay indicated that after transfected for 24, 48 and 72 hours, the proliferation inhibition rate of si-S1PR2 group were respectively (26.6±3.3)%,(35.0±3.4)%,and(34.0±2.8)%,significantly lower than those in the blank control group (all 0;all P<0.01)and negative control group[(1.7±0.9)%,(2.5±0.5)%,and(2.4±1.1)% respectively;all P<0.01].The results of flow cytometry showed that the G0/G1ratio in the si-S1PR2 group[(70.9±2.8)%]was significantly higher than those in the blank control group[(61.7±2.4)%,P<0.01]and negative control group [(62.1 ± 3.3)%, P<0.01]. Western blot showed that the relative expression level of p-ERK1/2 in si-S1PR2 group(0.11±0.03)was significantly lower than those in the blank control group[(0.62±0.09),P<0.01]and negative control group[(0.68±0.09),P<0.01].(3)Twenty-eight days after nude mice intraperitoneal injection with JTE-013 or PBS,the tumor number of the control group and JTE-013 group were respectively 15.4±4.3 and 8.2±3.7,the tumor weight were(0.45±0.12)and(0.21±0.07)g,respectively.The tumor number and weight in the JTE-013 group were significantly less than those in the control group(all P<0.01). Conclusions The growth of ovarian cancer cells could be decreased by S1PR2 inhibition in vitro and in vivo. One of the mechanisms of the growth inhibitory effect is probably that S1PR2 inhibition lower the phosphorylation level of extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2(ERK1/2)pathway, which prevent the transformation of ovarian cancer cells from phase G1to S.

Based on traditional Chinese medicine inheritance support system to analyze the regularity of umbilicus application to treat ascites due to cirrhosis / 中国中药杂志

Umbilicus application to treat ascites caused by cirrhosis is a simple and effective characteristic therapy. This article analyzed the regularity of application traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herbs on umbilicus to treat ascites caused by cirrhosis through TCM inherited auxiliary system. This study chose academic literatures related to TCM dressing umbilicus to treat ascites caused by cirrhosis in CNKI database, VIP database, Wanfang database over the past 20 years as the data source, and established database to analyze the core drugs and their channel tropism, property and flavor, compatibility law, and core composition,by means of frequency statistics, and association rules (Apriori method, complicated system entropy clustering). Finally, 92 prescription to treat ascites caused by cirrhosiss were screened out. These prescription includes 109 traditional Chinese medicines. And the analysis showed that there are 14 drugs with usage frequency of 10 and more than 10, 19 common drug pairs, 12 core drug combination. The drugs with high usage frequency include Kansui Radix, Borneolum Syntheticum, Pharbitidis Semen, Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Moschus, Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix, Natrii Sulfas, Cinnamomi Cortex, Genkwa Flos, Phytolaccae Radix, Arecae Semen. And the channel which are mostly invoivet includ lung meridian, spleen meridian and kidney meridian; while the property and flavor of the herbs used have the properties of cold and acrid; the common drug pairs include Pharbitidis Semen-Kansui Radix, Borneolum Syntheticum-Kansui Radix, Kansui Radix-Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix, Kansui Radix-Moschus, Rhei Radix et Rhizome-Kansui Radix, Kansui Radix-Genkwa Flos, Borneolum Syntheticum-Pharbitidis Semen, Borneolum Syntheticum-Pharbitidis Semen-Kansui Radix, Kansui Radix-Arecae Semen; herbs with the function of expelling water and purgation used as main conponents, and resuscitation, promoting the circulation of Qi, and increaseing Yang used as auxilizy conponents.

A time series study on the effect of low air pollution level of NO2 on the death of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in residents / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objectives To investigate the effects of low level of ambient NO2 on the death of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Enshi city and to identify sensitive population, so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating health policies. Methods The data of air pollutants, meteorological factors and death of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Enshi city from 2015 to 2018 were collected. The generalized additive model based on Poisson distribution was used to analyze the effects of low ambient NO2 level on the death risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Enshi city. A subgroup analysis was performed on age, gender, and season. Results The average concentrations of major gaseous air pollutants in Enshi city from 2015 to 2018 were NO2 (21.40 μg/m3), SO2 (9.68 μg/m3), CO (0.88 mg/m3), and O3 (61.21 μg/m3), respectively, all of which did not exceed the national secondary standard. The results of single pollutant model analysis showed that each 1 μg/m3 increase in NO2 concentration in lag0 day was associated with a 0.33% increase (95% CI: 0.06 - 0.72) (P>0.05) in mortality risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In the female population, each 1 μg/m3 increase in NO2 concentration in lag01 day was associated with a 0.92% increase (95% CI: 0.26 - 1.56) (P2 concentration in lag0 day was associated with a 0.62% increase (95% CI: 0.12 - 1.12) (P2, CO or O3), the effect of NO2 on the mortality risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in women and the whole population in cold season still existed. Conclusion The low ambient level of NO2 in Enshi city was significantly associated with increased mortality risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in female population as well as in cold seasons in the whole population. Attention should be paid to the health protection of special populations in areas with low ambient pollution level of NO2 in special seasons.

Death cause and life loss analysis of permanent residents in Enshi City during 2013-2018 / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To analyze the basic characteristics and variation trend of death causes of permanent residents in Enshi City during 2013-2018, to assess the burden of different diseases, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating disease prevention and control strategies. Methods The death monitoring data of permanent residents in Enshi City, Hubei Province from 2013 to 2018 was collected. The crude mortality, standardized mortality, life expectancy, potential years of life loss (PYLL), standard potential years of life loss (SPYLL), average years of life lost (AYLL), and annual percentage change (APC) were calculated to describe the distribution and trend of death causes. Results The average annual crude death rate and standardized death rate of residents in Enshi City from 2013 to 2018 were 679.43 per 100 000 and 615.02 per 100 000, respectively. The top 5 causes of death were circulatory system diseases, respiratory system diseases, malignant tumors, injuries, and digestive system diseases, accounting for 91.2% of the total deaths. Analysis of life expectancy found that the average life expectancy of local residents from 2013 to 2018 was 78.02 years, and the value in the male group (75.57 years) was lower than that in the female group (80.78 years). Life loss analysis revealed that PYLL caused by various diseases was 171 620 person-years, SPYLL was 171 284.62 person-years, and AYLL was 15.03 years/person in Enshi City from 2013 to 2018. Among all the death causes, the top five in terms of life loss were injuries, malignant tumors, circulatory diseases, respiratory diseases and digestive diseases. Conclusion From 2013 to 2018, the death rate of residents in Enshi City was relatively higher compared with those in other cities in China, the average annual crude death rate was on the rise, and the average annual standardized death rate was on the decline, indicating a highly ageing region. Chronic diseases such as circulatory system diseases, malignant tumors, and respiratory diseases, as well as injuries were the main death causes and caused a heavy burden of diseases, which should be the focus of future prevention and control work. Considering the higher levels of death and life loss indicators of male residents than those of women, targeted prevention and control measures should be taken to narrow the gap between men and women and improve the overall life quality of the whole population.

Differentiation of K562 Cells Induced by Pulsatilla Saponin A into Erythroid Lineage / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the differentiation-inducing potentiality of Pulsatilla saponin A on K562 cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Pulsatilla saponin A of different concentrations was used to treat K562 cells; the benzidine staining and the hemoglobinometry were applied to measure the change of hemoglobin content; the flow cytometry (FCM) was used to detect the expression of CD71 and GPA on K562 cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>K562 cells treated with 4 µg/ml pulsatilla saponin A differentiated into the erythroid lineage. With the treatment of pulsatilla saponin A, the hemoglobin content in K562 cells increased significantly; CD71 and GPA expression on the K562 cell surface were up-regulated.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Pulsatilla saponin A can induce K562 cells to differentiate into erythroid lineage.</p>

Alteration of Microparticle Levels in Early Complications During Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the alteration of microparticles (MP) in the recipients following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and its significance, and to search the early diagnostic indicators of thrombotic complications after transplantation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>According to the occurrence of transplantation-associated complications, 94 allo-HSCT patients were divided into 4 groups: thrombotic group (VOD n = 7, TMA n = 2), acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) group (n = 27), infection group (n = 41) and non-complication group (n = 17). Alterations of serum concentration of tissue factor positive microparticles (TF(+) MP) and endothelial microparticles (EMP) were analyzed by flow cytometry during the process of conditioning treatment and the early stage after transplantation. The relation of these 2 kinds of MP with complications was analysed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The levels of TF(+) MP and EMP of patients undogoing allo-HSCT before conditioning treatment were obviously higher than those in normal controls, and showed some elevation during different times, but there was no significant statistical difference. Although the levels of TF(+) MP and EMP at the end of conditioning treatment were some higher than those before conditioning treatment, but there was no statistical difference between them. (2)The levels of TF(+) MP and EMP in thrombotic group were obviously higher than those in aGVHD group and infection group (P < 0.05). (3)The levels of TF(+) MP and EMP in thrombotic group at different times were significant differences from those in other groups (P < 0.05), and the levels of TF(+) MP and EMP were no significant difference from those in non-complication group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The increase of the TF(+) MP and EMP levels may be associated with occurrence of thrombosis after transplantation, indicating occurrence of the thrombotic complications, like hepatic vein occulusive disease (HVOD). The dynamically monitoring levels of TF(+) MP and EMP contributes to early discovery of thrombotic complications.</p>

Expression of CD4 +IL-17 +cells in pancreatic cancer and its relationship with the clinicopathological pa-rameters and survival time of the patients / 医学研究生学报

Objective CD4 +IL-17 +cells are a group of newly discovered effector CD4 +T cells, which may play a key role in the pathogenesis of cancer.This study aims to investigate the expres-sion of CD4 +IL-17 +cells in pancreatic cancer and its correlation with the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of the dis-ease as well as the clinical significance of the cells in the microenvironment of pancreatic cancer. Methods We collected tumor tis-sue and tumor-adjacent normal tissue samples from 51 pancreatic cancer patients.We determined the expressions of CD34 and vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF) and measured the proportion of IL-17 +cells in the cancer tissue using immunohistochemistry and the fluorescence activated cell sorter, respectively, followed by analysis of their correlation with tumor angiogenesis, clinicopathological pa-rameters, and survival time of the patients. Results The percentage of CD4 +IL-17 +cells in tumor tissue was positively correlated with microvessel density (r =0.534, P0.05).Fifty (98.0%) of the patients were successfully followed up for 2-67 months, which revealed a median survival time of 16.6 ±4.8 months, significantly longer in those with a higher expression of intratumoral IL-17 +cells (P<0.05).Univariate analysis showed an association of the survival rate with the tumor size, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, and level of intratumoral IL-17 +cells, while multivariate analysis showed the TNM stage to be an independent prognostic factor for the survival of the pancreatic cancer patients. Conclusion The expression of CD4 +IL-17 +cells in the tumor tissue is positively correlated with tumor angiogenesis, while that of IL-17 +cells with the clinicopathological parameters and survival time of the patients and therefore may serve as an important immune indicator for the prognosis of pancreatic cancer.

Significance of regulatory B cells in nosogenesis of immune thrombocytopenia / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was aimed to investigate the role of regulatory B cells (Breg) in pathogenesis of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and its clinical significance. A total of 35 ITP patients and 20 normal controls were enrolled in this study. The expression of CD19(+)CD24(hi)CD38(hi) B cells was detected by flow cytometry and the expression of IL-10 mRNA and TGF-β1 mRNA was assayed by RT-PCR. The results indicated that the expression level of CD19(+)CD24(hi)CD38(hi) B cells in peripheral blood of newly diagnosed ITP patients was obviously lower than that in normal controls (P < 0.05); the expression level of CD19(+)CD24(hi)CD38(hi) B cells in ITP patients with increased platelet count after treatment was higher than that before treatment (P < 0.05); the expression level of IL-10 mRNA in newly diagnosed ITP patients was significantly lower than that the in normal controls (P < 0.05), the expression level of TGF-β1 mRNA in newly diagnosed ITP patients increases as compared with normal controls (P < 0.05), after treatment with DXM the expression of IL-10 mRNA was enhanced, the expression of TGF-β1 mRNA was reduced as compared with expression level before treatment (P < 0.05). It is concluded that the Breg cells may play an important role in the pathogenesis of ITP via humoral immunity and its regulation of T lymphocytes.

A study on status and standards of human resources of vaccination clinics in Zhejiang Province / 预防医学

Objective To learn the status of human resources of vaccination clinics in Zhejiang province and to give suggestions for optimizing the allocation.Methods Investigation and the focus group interview were conducted in Zhejiang Province to learn the configuration standards in vaccination clinics.Results The mean number who attended the immunization work every vaccination day in those clinics was five.The number of staff in each clinic differed from county to county but all reached 0.9 persons serving for 10,000 residents.There should not be less than four persons in each vaccination clinic theoretically.It should be necessary to increase one vaccination staff in every 50 injection doses of vaccine workload.Conclusion The staff of vaccination clinics is inadequate and unbalanced in Zhejiang Province.We should increase staff numbers according to workload and served population.

Effects of sublingual immunotherapy on serum IL-17 and IL-35 levels in children with allergic rhinitis or asthma / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinical effect and mechanisms of specific sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) for the treatment of allergic rhinitis or asthma in children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty children suffering from Dermatophagoides farinae-allergic rhinitis or asthma (case group) and 30 healthy children (control group) were enrolled in this study. The case group accepted SLIT between January and December 2011. The ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and its expected value, the ratio of airway resistance and its expected value, peripheral blood eosinophil (Eos) count and serum levels of IL-17 and IL-35 were measured before treatment and one and two years after treatment. The rhinitis or asthma symptom scores were rated and the level of asthma control was monitored.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Serum IL-17 level in the case group was significantly higher than in the control group before treatment and one year after treatment (P<0.01). Furthermore, serum IL-17 level in the case group gradually decreased from before treatment to 1 year to 2 years after treatment (P<0.01). By two years of treatment, there was no significant difference in serum IL-17 level between the case and control groups (P>0.05). The changes of serum IL-35 level after treatment were opposite to serum IL-17 in the case group. The ratio of FEV1 and its expected value gradually increased from before treatment to 1 year to 2 years after treatment (P<0.01) in the case group. In contrast, the change of the ratio of airway resistance and its expected value and Eos count gradually decreased from before treatment to 1 year to 2 years after treatment (P<0.01) in the case group. More patients achieved improved rhinitis or asthma symptom scores two years after treatment than one year after treatment in the case group (P<0.01). SLIT was effective in 85% of children with allergic rhinitis one after treatment vs 100% two years after treatment. Asthma control was observed in 76% of the asthmatic patients one after treatment vs 92% two years after treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>SLIT is effective for allergic rhinitis and asthma in children, and the treatment period of two years seems to be superior to one year. The mechanism of action of SLIT for the treatment of allergic rhinitis and asthma may be associated with inhibition of IL-17 expression and promotion of IL-35 expression.</p>

Diagnosis and treatment procedures of congenital neutropenia / 中国实验血液学杂志

To explore the reasonable procedures and strategies of diagnosis and treatment of congenital neutropenia (CN), clinical data and laboratory examination results of a boy suspected of CN were collected; gene ELA2, GFI1, HAX1, and WASp of whom were sequenced, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor (G-CSFR) expression on neutrophil was analyzed, and cytoplasmic domain of G-CSFR was sequenced. The results showed that the diagnosis of non-syndromic variants of CN (NSVCN) was made on this patient according to the criteria; sequencing results revealed no mutation occurred in ELA2, GFI1, HAX1 and WASp; a normal expression level of G-CSFR on neutrophil from this patient was detected and no truncated mutation was found in the intracellular domain of G-CSFR. It is concluded that reasonable procedure of diagnosis and treatment of CN is established, and a sporadic NSVCN with no recognized pathogenic mutation is confirmed in this patient.