RESUMO
The marker-assisted backcrossing (MAB) can help to transfer an interested allele at a target locus from a donor to a recipient line. Gynoecious is a pivotal trait of cucumber since commercial F1 hybrid seeds produced with gynoecious line as one of the parents are high-yield and affordable. This study aims to transfer the F locus encoded for gynoecious trait to Vietnamese domesticated cucumbers by marker-assisted backcrossing. Two monoecious cucumber lines, A1 (Ha Giang, Vietnam) A2 (Yen Bai, Vietnam), and two gynoecious cucumber lines, B1 (Plantgene, India) and B2 (Hue, Vietnam) were utilized as the starting materials. BCAT marker (located on the F locus) and 52 SSRs (spread across seven chromosomes and tightly linked with some crucial horticultural traits) were used as the foreground and background markers, respectively. With this, phenotype selection for fruit and leaf sizes was also applied. First, using phenotypic screening and foreground marker, A1 (Ha Giang, Vietnam) and B1 (Plantgene, India) were selected as donor and recurrent parents for backcrossing. Then, after two backcrosses followed by two self-pollinations, four gynoecious C cucumber lines were created. These C lines have leaf sizes slightly bigger than the recurrent parent. Importantly, their fruit length is the same or longer than A1 (Ha Giang, Vietnam). These new gynoecious lines could be used as material lines for producing commercial F1 hybrid seeds. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-024-01481-w.