Miotomía endoscópica por vía oral (POEM) como tratamiento para la acalasia pediátrica: estudio multicéntrico y primeros resultados.

INTRODUCTION: Laparoscopic Heller miotomy of achalasia has been classically recognized as the gold standard management in children. There is increasing experience with the peroral endoscopic miotomy (POEM) approach in pediatrics, although the series published are scarce. The objective of this study was to present our experience in primary or secondary treatment of pediatric achalasia by POEM and its clinical success rate. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of pediatric patients with achalasia who underwent POEM in some national centers from October 2016 to January 2023. We evaluated clinical efficacy (Eckardt score ≤3), demographic characteristics, intraoperative, preoperative and postoperative, complications, and follow-up. RESULTS: Fifteen POEM were performed in fourteen pediatric patients (aged 12 to 18 years) with achalasia. POEM was the first line treatment in 11 patients, but 4 (21.3%) had previous treatment: 1 (7,1%) pneumatic balloon dilation and 2 (14,2%) laparoscopic Heller myotomy and 1 (7,1%) previous POEM. The average age was 15 years (SD ± 1,9). The baseline Eckardt score was 7,5 (SD:± 1,8), with the baseline GERD score being 6 (SD:± 2,9). There was a Clavien Dindo grade 2 postoperative adverse event corresponding to mild pneumonia (7,1%). The postoperative Eckardt and GERD score after 12 months of follow-up were 0.7 (SD±1,2) and 0,5 (SD±0,7). The study has a success rate greater than 93%. CONCLUSIONS: POEM seems a safe and effective procedure, with a short postoperative period for treatment of pediatric achalasia.

Treatment of balanitis xerotica obliterans in pediatric patients. / Tratamiento de la balanitis xerótica obliterante en pacientes pediátricos.

OBJECTIVES: Balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) is a chronic inflammatory disease with a little known incidence in pediatric population. The objective of this work was to describe our experience in the treatment of BXO. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective study carried out in 419 patients undergoing circumcision surgery between January 2014 and January 2017. Demographic, clinical, therapeutic, and anatomical and pathological variables, as well as complications during follow-up, were analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 419 patients, 41 (9.78%) were diagnosed with BXO. 6 patients were excluded owing to lack of follow-up, so 35 patients were analyzed. Mean age at diagnosis was 8.6 years. Suspicion diagnosis was clinical at physical exploration in 17 patients (48.6%), and at surgery in 18 patients (51.4%). Anatomical and pathological confirmation was performed in a total 35 patients (100%). During follow-up, 6 patients (17.14%) had lesions in the glans, 3 (8.57%) in the urethra, and 9 (25.71%) in both. 6 meatotomies (17.14%) and 5 new circumcisions (14.28%) had to be carried out. Mean recurrence time was 32.43 months. In 19 patients (54.28%), topical corticoids - ointment - were applied, and 1 patient (2.85%) received topical immunosuppressants. CONCLUSIONS: A close follow-up of patients with clinical or anatomical and pathological diagnosis of BXO is required given its high morbidity. The complications described in pediatric population include meatal and urethral stenosis, as well as recurrent phimosis, unless a sufficient amount of foreskin is resected.

OBJETIVOS: La balanitis xerótica obliterante (BXO) es una enfermedad crónica inflamatoria de incidencia poco conocida en la población pediátrica. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir nuestra experiencia en el tratamiento de las BXO. MATERIAL Y METODOS: Estudio retrospectivo de 419 pacientes intervenidos de circuncisión en el periodo comprendido entre enero de 2014 y enero de 2017. Analizamos variables demográficas, clínicas, anatomopatológicas, terapéuticas y complicaciones durante el seguimiento. RESULTADOS: De los 419 pacientes, 41 fueron diagnosticados de BXO (9,78%). Seis pacientes fueron excluidos por falta de seguimiento, por lo que se analizaron 35 pacientes. La media de edad al diagnóstico fue de 8,6 años. El diagnóstico de sospecha fue clínico durante la exploración física en 17 pacientes (48,6%) y durante la intervención en 18 (51,4%), realizando la confirmación anatomopatológica en un total de 35 pacientes (100%). Durante el seguimiento 6 pacientes (17,14%) presentaron lesiones en glande, 3 (8,57%) en uretra y 9 (25,71%) en ambas localizaciones, siendo necesaria la realización de 6 meatotomías (17,14%) y de nueva circuncisión en 5 (14,28%). El tiempo medio de recidiva fue de 32,43 meses. En 19 pacientes (54,28%) se aplicaron corticoides tópicos en pomada y en 1 paciente inmunosupresores tópicos (2,85%). CONCLUSIONES: Es necesario un seguimiento estrecho de los pacientes con diagnóstico clínico o anatomopatológico de BXO dada su elevada morbilidad. Las principales complicaciones descritas en la población pediátrica son la estenosis meatal y uretral, así como la recidiva de la fimosis si no se reseca el prepucio suficientemente.

Tratamiento de la balanitis xerótica obliterante en pacientes pediátricos / Treatment of balanitis xerotica obliterans in pediatric patients

Objetivos: La balanitis xerótica obliterante (BXO) es una enferme-dad crónica inflamatoria de incidencia poco conocida en la población pediátrica. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir nuestra experiencia en el tratamiento de las BXO. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de 419 pacientes intervenidos de circuncisión en el periodo comprendido entre enero de 2014 y enero de 2017. Analizamos variables demográficas, clínicas, anatomopatológicas, terapéuticas y complicaciones durante el seguimiento. Resultados: De los 419 pacientes, 41 fueron diagnosticados de BXO (9,78%). Seis pacientes fueron excluidos por falta de seguimiento, por lo que se analizaron 35 pacientes. La media de edad al diagnóstico fue de 8,6 años. El diagnóstico de sospecha fue clínico durante la exploración física en 17 pacientes (48,6%) y durante la intervención en 18 (51,4%), realizando la confirmación anatomopatológica en un total de 35 pacientes (100%). Durante el seguimiento 6 pacientes (17,14%) presentaron lesiones en glande, 3 (8,57%) en uretra y 9 (25,71%) en ambas localizaciones, siendo necesaria la realización de 6 meatotomías (17,14%) y de nueva circuncisión en 5 (14,28%). El tiempo medio de recidiva fue de 32,43 meses. En 19 pacientes (54,28%) se aplicaron corticoides tópicos en pomada y en 1 paciente inmunosupresores tópicos (2,85%). Conclusiones: Es necesario un seguimiento estrecho de los pacientes con diagnóstico clínico o anatomopatológico de BXO dada su elevada morbilidad. Las principales complicaciones descritas en la población pediátrica son la estenosis meatal y uretral, así como la recidiva de la fimosis si no se reseca el prepucio suficientemente

Objectives. Balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) is a chronic inflam-matory disease with a little known incidence in pediatric population. The objective of this work was to describe our experience in the treatment of BXO. Materials and methods: Retrospective study carried out in 419 patients undergoing circumcision surgery between January 2014 and January 2017. Demographic, clinical, therapeutic, and anatomical and pathological variables, as well as complications during follow-up, were analyzed. Results: Of the 419 patients, 41 (9.78%) were diagnosed with BXO. 6 patients were excluded owing to lack of follow-up, so 35 patients were analyzed. Mean age at diagnosis was 8.6 years. Suspicion diagnosis was clinical at physical exploration in 17 patients (48.6%), and at surgery in 18 patients (51.4%). Anatomical and pathological confirmation was performed in a total 35 patients (100%). During follow-up, 6 patients (17.14%) had lesions in the glans, 3 (8.57%) in the urethra, and 9 (25.71%) in both. 6 meatotomies (17.14%) and 5 new circumcisions (14.28%) had to be carried out. Mean recurrence time was 32.43 months. In 19 patients (54.28%), topical corticoids - ointment - were applied, and 1 patient (2.85%) received topical immunosuppressants. Conclusions: A close follow-up of patients with clinical or anatomical and pathological diagnosis of BXO is required given its high morbidity. The complications described in pediatric population include meatal and urethral stenosis, as well as recurrent phimosis, unless a sufficient amount of foreskin is resected

Onicectomía parcial con matricectomía por abrasión mecánica vs. fenolización en el tratamiento de la uña incarnata / Partial onicectomy with matricectomy by mechanical abrasion versus phenolization in the treatment of the incarnate nail

INTRODUCCIÓN: La onicocriptosis o uña incarnata es una patología altamente prevalente en la población pediátrica. El abordaje quirúrgico es el tratamiento definitivo en estadios avanzados, siendo la onicectomía con matricectomía química y la mecánica las técnicas más utilizadas. El objetivo de este estudio es comparar la tasa de recidivas locales de ambas técnicas quirúrgicas. Población y métodos: Se realiza un estudio ambispectivo entre 2010 y 2017 en pacientes con diagnóstico de onicocriptosis que fueron intervenidos quirúrgicamente. Grupo A: onicectomía parcial con matricectomía química con fenol. Grupo B: matricectomía por abrasión mecánica. Se recogen variables demográficas, quirúrgicas, postoperatorias inmediatas y complicaciones a largo plazo. El análisis estadístico se realizó con el programa estadístico SPSS Statics versión 22, considerándose significación estadística un valor de p <0,05. RESULTADOS: Un total de 87 pacientes se incluyeron en el estudio. En el grupo A (12 pacientes), 2 casos (16,7%) presentaron celulitis locales postoperatorias, 4 casos (33%) presentaron recidivas ipsilaterales y uno de ellos, una segunda recidiva. En el grupo B (75 pacientes) no se describen complicaciones postoperatorias inmediatas y 7 pacientes (9%) padecieron recidivas ipsilaterales, de los cuales 3 tuvieron una segunda recidiva. Ambos grupos presentaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el índice de recidivas (p= 0,04). CONCLUSIÓN: En nuestra experiencia la onicectomía parcial con matricectomía mecánica por abrasión presenta una baja tasa de complicaciones y de recidivas locales respecto a la fenolización en población pediátrica. Es necesaria la realización de nuevos estudios prospectivos aleatorizados para confirmar esta diferencia

INTRODUCTION: The onychocryptosis in the pediatric population is a highly prevalent pathology. The surgical approach is the treatment of choice in advanced stages with two different techniques, onicectomy with matricectomy by chemical or mechanical abrasion. The purpose of this study is to compare the local recurrences in these two different approaches. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is an ambispective cohort study between 2010 and 2017 in two groups. Group A: partial onicectomy with matricectomy by chemical abrasion with phenol. Group B: matricectomy by mechanical abrasion. Demographic, surgical, immediate postoperative variables and long-term complications are compared. The statics was performed with the SPSS Static 22 software. P value < 0.05 is consider statistically significant. RESULTS: The study included 87 patients. In group A (12 patients), or chemical matricectomy two cases (16.7%) presented local cellulitis, 4 cases (33%) presented a local recurrence and one of them suffered from a second recurrence. Group B (75 patients) or mechanical matricectomy, did not show immediate postoperative complications and 7 patients (9%) suffered from an ipsilateral recurrence. A second recurrence appeared in three of them. The differences in the recurrence rate between group A and B were statistically significant (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: In our experience partial onicectomy with matricectomy by mechanical abrasion in onychocryptosis has a low rate of complications and local recurrences compared to phenolization in pediatric patients. It is necessary to perform new randomized and prospective studies to confirm this difference