The effect of pasireotide on intestinal anastomotic healing with and without whole-body irradiation in a rat model.

OBJECTIVE: To examine pasireotide's effect on intestinal anastomotic healing under physiological conditions and following preoperative whole-body irradiation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-five male Wistar rats received an ileoileal end-to-end anastomosis. Group 1 (Co, n = 9) served as control. Group 2 (SOM, n = 10) received pasireotide (60 mg/kg) 6 days preoperatively. Group 3 (R-Co, n = 13) was subjected to 8 Gy whole-body irradiation 4 days preoperatively. Finally, group 4 (R-SOM, n = 13) received pasireotide 6 days preoperatively and whole-body irradiation 4 days preoperatively. On postoperative day 4, anastomotic bursting pressure, histology, IGF-1 staining, and collagen density were examined. RESULTS: Mortality was higher in irradiated animals (30.8% vs. 5.3%, p = 0.021), and anastomotic bursting pressure was significantly lower (median, R-Co = 83 mmHg; R-SOM = 101 mmHg; Co = 149.5 mmHg; SOM = 169 mmHg). Inflammation measured by leukocyte infiltration following irradiation was reduced (p = 0.023), and less collagen was observed, though this was not statistically significant. Bursting pressure did not significantly differ between Co and SOM and between R-Co and R-SOM animals respectively. Semi-quantitative scoring of IGF-1, fibroblast bridging, or collagen density did not reveal significant differences among the groups. CONCLUSION: Whole-body irradiation decreases the quality of intestinal anastomotic wound healing and increases mortality. Pasireotide does not significantly lessen this detrimental effect.

Accuracy of the angiography-based quantitative flow ratio in intermediate left main coronary artery lesions and comparison with visual estimation.

BACKGROUND: Revascularization of left main coronary artery (LMCA) stenosis is mostly based on angiography. Indices based on angiography might increase accuracy of the decision, although they have been scarcely used in LMCA. The objective of this study is to study the diagnostic agreement of QFR (quantitative flow ratio) with wire-based fractional flow reserve (FFR) in LMCA lesions and to compare with visual severity assessment. METHODS: In a series of patients with invasive FFR assessment of intermediate LMCA stenoses we retrospectively compared the measured value of QFR with that of FFR and the estimate of significance from angiography. RESULTS: 107 QFR studies were included. The QFR intra-observer and inter-observer agreement was 87% and 82% respectively. The mean QFR-FFR difference was 0.047 ± 0.05 with a concordance of 90.7%, sensitivity 88.1%, specificity 92.3%, positive predictive value 88.1% and negative predictive value 92.3%. All these values were superior to those observed with the visual estimation which showed an intra- and inter-observer agreement of 73% and 72% respectively, besides 78% with the FFR value. The low diagnostic performance of the visual estimation and the acceptable performance of the QFR index measurement were observed in all subgroups analysed. CONCLUSIONS: QFR allows an acceptable estimate of the FFR obtained with intracoronary pressure guidewire in intermediate LMCA lesions, and clearly superior to the assessment based on angiography alone. The decision to revascularize patients with moderate LMCA lesions should not be based solely on the degree of angiographic stenosis.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of the SAPIEN 3 transcatheter aortic valve implant in patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Transcatheter aortic valve implant has become a widely accepted treatment for inoperable patients with aortic stenosis and patients at high surgical risk. Its indications have recently been expanded to include patients at intermediate and low surgical risk. Our aim was to evaluate the efficiency of SAPIEN 3 vs conservative medical treatment (CMT) or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in symptomatic inoperable patients at high or intermediate risk. METHODS: We conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis of SAPIEN 3 vs SAVR/CMT, using a Markov model (monthly cycles) with 8 states defined by the New York Heart Association and a time horizon of 15 years, including major complications and management after hospital discharge, from the perspective of the National Health System. Effectiveness parameters were based on the PARTNER trials. Costs related to the procedure, hospitalization, complications, and follow-up were included (euros in 2019). An annual discount rate of 3% was applied to both costs and benefits. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses (Monte Carlo) were performed. RESULTS: Compared with SAVR (high and intermediate risk) and CMT (inoperable), SAPIEN 3 showed better clinical results in the 3 populations and lower hospital stay. Incremental cost-utility ratios (€/quality-adjusted life years gained) were 5471 (high risk), 8119 (intermediate risk) and 9948 (inoperable), respectively. In the probabilistic analysis, SAPIEN 3 was cost-effective in more than 75% of the simulations in the 3 profiles. CONCLUSIONS: In our health system, SAPIEN 3 facilitates efficient management of severe aortic stenosis in inoperable and high- and intermediate-risk patients.

Association Between Ischemic and Bleeding Risk Scores and the Use of New P2Y12 Inhibitors in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) guidelines recommend the use of newer P2Y12 inhibitors (prasugrel and ticagrelor) over clopidogrel in patients with moderate-to-high ischemic risk, unless they have an increased bleeding risk. The aim of our study was to assess the GRACE risk score and the CRUSADE bleeding risk score relative to prescription of newer P2Y12 inhibitors at discharge in ACS patients. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of a multicenter ACS registry; 3515 consecutive patients were included. The association between risk scores and prescription of newer P2Y12 inhibitors was assessed by binary logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: A total of 1021 patients (29%) were treated with prasugrel or ticagrelor. On multivariate analyses, both GRACE (OR per 10 points, 0.89; 95%CI, 0.86-0.92; P < .001) and CRUSADE (OR per 10 points, 0.96; 95%CI, 0.94-0.98; P < .001) risk scores were inversely associated with the use of newer P2Y12 inhibitors. Moreover, other factors not included in these scores (revascularization approach, in-hospital stent thrombosis, major bleeding, and concomitant indication for anticoagulation therapy) also predicted the use of newer P2Y12 inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS: New P2Y12 inhibitors were more frequently prescribed among ACS patients with lower CRUSADE bleeding risk. However, an ischemic risk paradox was found, with higher use of these agents in patients with lower ischemic risk based on GRACE risk score estimates. These results underscore the importance of risk stratification to safely deliver optimal therapies.

ECG de marzo de 2019 / ECG, March 2019

No disponible

Respuesta al ECG de marzo de 2019 / Response to ECG, March 2019

No disponible

Asociación entre las escalas de riesgo isquémico y hemorrágico y el uso de los nuevos inhibidores del P2Y 12 en pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo / Association between ischemic and bleeding risk scores and the use of new P2Y 12 inhibitors in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Introducción y objetivos: Las guías sobre síndrome coronario agudo (SCA) recomiendan el uso de los nuevos inhibidores del P2Y12 (prasugrel y ticagrelor) antes que el clopidogrel para los pacientes con riesgo isquémico moderado-alto, siempre que no tengan un riesgo hemorrágico elevado. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es evaluar la escala de riesgo isquémico GRACE y la de riesgo hemorrágico CRUSADE en relación con la prescripción de los nuevos inhibidores del P2Y12 al alta en pacientes con SCA. Métodos: Análisis retrospectivo de un registro multicéntrico de SCA. Se incluyó a 3.515 pacientes consecutivos. La asociación entre las escalas de riesgo y la prescripción de los nuevos inhibidores del P2Y12 se evaluó mediante análisis de regresión logística binaria. Resultados: Se trató con prasugrel o ticagrelor a 1.021 pacientes (29%). En el análisis multivariable, tanto la escala GRACE (cada 10 puntos, OR = 0,89; IC95%, 0,86-0,92; p < 0,001) como la escala CRUSADE (cada 10 puntos, OR = 0,96; IC95%, 0,94-0,98; p < 0,001) se asociaron inversamente con el uso de los nuevos inhibidores del P2Y12. Además, otros factores no incluidos en estas escalas (tipo de revascularización, trombosis del stent hospitalaria, hemorragia mayor e indicación concomitante de terapia anticoagulante) también fueron predictores del uso de los nuevos inhibidores del P2Y12. Conclusiones: Los nuevos inhibidores del P2Y12 se prescribieron con mayor frecuencia a los pacientes con SCA con menor riesgo hemorrágico CRUSADE. Sin embargo, se encontró una paradoja en cuanto al riesgo isquémico, con mayor uso de estos agentes para pacientes con menor riesgo estimado con la escala GRACE. Estos resultados subrayan la importancia de la estratificación de riesgos para prescribir con seguridad las terapias óptimas

Introduction and objectives: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) guidelines recommend the use of newer P2Y12 inhibitors (prasugrel and ticagrelor) over clopidogrel in patients with moderate-to-high ischemic risk, unless they have an increased bleeding risk. The aim of our study was to assess the GRACE risk score and the CRUSADE bleeding risk score relative to prescription of newer P2Y12 inhibitors at discharge in ACS patients. Methods: Retrospective analysis of a multicenter ACS registry; 3515 consecutive patients were included. The association between risk scores and prescription of newer P2Y12 inhibitors was assessed by binary logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 1021 patients (29%) were treated with prasugrel or ticagrelor. On multivariate analyses, both GRACE (OR per 10 points, 0.89; 95%CI, 0.86-0.92; P < .001) and CRUSADE (OR per 10 points, 0.96; 95%CI, 0.94-0.98; P < .001) risk scores were inversely associated with the use of newer P2Y12 inhibitors. Moreover, other factors not included in these scores (revascularization approach, in-hospital stent thrombosis, major bleeding, and concomitant indication for anticoagulation therapy) also predicted the use of newer P2Y12 inhibitors. Conclusions: New P2Y12 inhibitors were more frequently prescribed among ACS patients with lower CRUSADE bleeding risk. However, an ischemic risk paradox was found, with higher use of these agents in patients with lower ischemic risk based on GRACE risk score estimates. These results underscore the importance of risk stratification to safely deliver optimal therapies