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1.
Cult Med Psychiatry ; 47(3): 647-668, 2023 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35753013

RESUMO

This study assesses the perspectives and experiences of Vodou priests (ougan) in the treatment of mental illness in northern Haiti. Our goal is to explore the etiology and popular nosologies of mental illness in the context of Haitian Vodou, through understandings of illness and misfortune which are often viewed as a result of sent spirits-or spirits sent supernaturally by others with the intent to cause harm. Using a qualitative approach, this study conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews with 20 ougan living near the city of Cap-Haïtien. Interviews highlight a sample of healers with little formal training who maintain beliefs and practices that differ significantly from current biomedical models. Ougan treat mental illness through a variety of means including prayer and conjuring of spirits, leaves for teas and baths, as well as combinations of perfumes, rum, human remains, and other powdered concoctions that are either imbibed or rubbed on the skin. The primary purpose of these treatments is to expel the spirit causing harm, yet they can often result in additional harm to the patient. Findings suggest that while ougan are willing to collaborate with biomedical practitioners, significant barriers remain preventing cooperation between these two groups.


Assuntos
Clero , Transtornos Mentais , Humanos , Haiti , Transtornos Mentais/terapia , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde
2.
Int J Environ Health Res ; 32(9): 1935-1949, 2022 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34074180

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To measure heavy metal concentrations among Kenyan youth and quantify associations with sociocultural, demographic, and health factors as well as anthropometry. METHODS: Using data from a study of semi-nomadic pastoralists in Samburu County, Kenya, we measured blood concentrations of lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and cadmium (Cd) in 161 adolescents. We identified sociocultural, demographic and health characteristics associated with each metal and quantified the association between metals and adolescent anthropometry. RESULTS: Median blood concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Hg were 1.82 µg/dL, 0.24 µg/L and 0.16 µg/L, respectively. Place of residence (highlands vs lowlands) was a determinant of metal concentrations. Hg was inversely related to anemia, and metals were not associated with anthropometry. CONCLUSIONS: In this population of Samburu adolescents, median Pb and Cd blood concentrations were higher than other North American or European biomonitoring studies. These findings motivate further investigation into the environmental sources of metals in this community.


Assuntos
Anemia , Mercúrio , Metais Pesados , Adolescente , Anemia/epidemiologia , Antropometria , Cádmio , Humanos , Quênia/epidemiologia , Chumbo
3.
Proc Biol Sci ; 286(1898): 20190202, 2019 03 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30836871

RESUMO

The emergence of large-scale cooperation during the Holocene remains a central problem in the evolutionary literature. One hypothesis points to culturally evolved beliefs in punishing, interventionist gods that facilitate the extension of cooperative behaviour toward geographically distant co-religionists. Furthermore, another hypothesis points to such mechanisms being constrained to the religious ingroup, possibly at the expense of religious outgroups. To test these hypotheses, we administered two behavioural experiments and a set of interviews to a sample of 2228 participants from 15 diverse populations. These populations included foragers, pastoralists, horticulturalists, and wage labourers, practicing Buddhism, Christianity, and Hinduism, but also forms of animism and ancestor worship. Using the Random Allocation Game (RAG) and the Dictator Game (DG) in which individuals allocated money between themselves, local and geographically distant co-religionists, and religious outgroups, we found that higher ratings of gods as monitoring and punishing predicted decreased local favouritism (RAGs) and increased resource-sharing with distant co-religionists (DGs). The effects of punishing and monitoring gods on outgroup allocations revealed between-site variability, suggesting that in the absence of intergroup hostility, moralizing gods may be implicated in cooperative behaviour toward outgroups. These results provide support for the hypothesis that beliefs in monitoring and punitive gods help expand the circle of sustainable social interaction, and open questions about the treatment of religious outgroups.


Assuntos
Comportamento Cooperativo , Relações Interpessoais , Princípios Morais , Punição/psicologia , Religião e Psicologia , Etnicidade/psicologia , Feminino , Jogos Experimentais , Humanos , Masculino
4.
Matern Child Nutr ; 14(2): e12524, 2018 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28976114

RESUMO

There is limited and inconsistent empirical evidence regarding the role of economic factors in breastfeeding practices, globally. Studies have found both negative and positive associations between low income and exclusive breastfeeding (EBF). Employment, which should improve household income, may reduce EBF due to separation of mother and infant. In the context of a randomized controlled study of lipid-based complementary feeding in an urban slum in Cap Haitien, Haiti, we examined the economic factors influencing breastfeeding practices using mixed methods. Findings demonstrate relationships between urban context, economic factors, and breastfeeding practices. Poverty, food insecurity, time constraints, and limited social support create challenges for EBF. Maternal employment is associated with lower rates of EBF and less frequent breastfeeding. Extreme food insecurity sometimes leads to increased exclusive breastfeeding among Haitian mothers, what we call "last resort EBF." In this case, women practice EBF because they have no alternative food source for the infant. Suggested policies and programs to address economic constraints and promote EBF in this population include maternal and child allowances, quality child care options, and small-scale household urban food production.


Assuntos
Aleitamento Materno/economia , Aleitamento Materno/estatística & dados numéricos , Emprego/estatística & dados numéricos , Abastecimento de Alimentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Pobreza/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Abastecimento de Alimentos/economia , Haiti , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Pobreza/economia , População Urbana/estatística & dados numéricos
5.
Prev Med ; 103S: S81-S89, 2017 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27663431

RESUMO

India is currently facing a non-communicable disease epidemic. Physical activity (PA) is a preventative factor for non-communicable diseases. Understanding the role of the built environment (BE) to facilitate or constrain PA is essential for public health interventions to increase population PA. The objective of this study was to understand BEs associations with PA occurring in two major life domains or life areas-travel and leisure-in urban India. Between December 2014 and April 2015, in-person surveys were conducted with participants (N=370; female=47.2%) in Chennai, India. Perceived BE characteristics regarding residential density, land use mix-diversity, land use mix-access, street connectivity, infrastructure for walking and bicycling, aesthetics, traffic safety, and safety from crime were measured using the adapted Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale-India (NEWS-India). Self-reported PA was measured the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. High residential density was associated with greater odds of travel PA (aOR=1.9, 95% CI=1.2, 3.2). Land use mix-diversity was positively related to travel PA (aOR=2.1, 95%CI=1.2, 3.6), but not associated with leisure or total PA. The aggregate NEWS-India score predicted a two-fold increase in odds of travel PA (aOR=1.9, 95% CI=1.1, 3.1) and a 40% decrease in odds of leisure PA (aOR=0.6, 95% CI=0.4, 1.0). However, the association of the aggregated score with leisure PA was not significant. Results suggest that relationships between BE and PA in low-and-middle income countries may be context-specific, and may differ markedly from higher income countries. Findings have public health implications for India suggesting that caution should be taken when translating evidence across countries.


Assuntos
Planejamento Ambiental/estatística & dados numéricos , Exercício Físico , Características de Residência/estatística & dados numéricos , Caminhada/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Índia , Atividades de Lazer , Masculino , Doenças não Transmissíveis/prevenção & controle , Segurança/estatística & dados numéricos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Viagem/estatística & dados numéricos
6.
Acta Paediatr ; 105(9): e406-11, 2016 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27228204

RESUMO

AIM: To examine the nutrition-related factors associated with motor and language development among young children living in a poor urban area of Haiti. METHODS: Children aged 6-11 months (n = 583) were enrolled and followed monthly for one year. World Health Organization motor developmental milestones and vowel and consonant counts were assessed. Longitudinal regression models were applied to assess the association of anthropometric, dietary intake, infectious disease morbidity and socio-economic and demographic factors on developmental outcomes. RESULTS: At baseline, 9.4% were stunted or length-for-age Z score < -2, and 30.2% were mild-to-moderately stunted or length-for-age Z score < -1. Stunting status was significantly associated with motor and phonetic language acquisition at each time point during infancy. Several nutrition factors significantly predicted earlier achievement of motor and language development outcomes in longitudinal models: child anthropometry; breastfeeding and complementary feeding frequencies; dietary diversity; egg and oil intake; and reduced infectious disease morbidities. Increases in the length-for-age Z score significantly predicted all motor and language outcomes and yielded the best fit models compared to other anthropometric indicators (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Child development interventions may be enhanced by incorporating nutrition strategies such as improved diet quality, breastfeeding promotion and diarrhoeal disease mitigation.


Assuntos
Diarreia/psicologia , Transtornos do Crescimento/psicologia , Desenvolvimento da Linguagem , Desnutrição/psicologia , Destreza Motora , Desenvolvimento Infantil , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento/etiologia , Diarreia/complicações , Feminino , Transtornos do Crescimento/complicações , Haiti , Humanos , Lactente , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Desnutrição/complicações
7.
Matern Child Nutr ; 11 Suppl 4: 62-76, 2015 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24784976

RESUMO

To prevent undernutrition in an urban slum in Haiti, a lipid-based nutrient supplement (LNS) was introduced through a randomised control trial. Food supplementation for young child nutrition has a long history in Haiti, but there is little empirical information regarding the effects of supplementation on young child feeding practices. One of the concerns raised by supplementation is that it may disrupt other positive feeding practices such as breastfeeding and use of other complementary foods, with negative consequences for child nutrition. We conducted 29 in-depth interviews with mother-baby pairs from the three comparison groups: control, 3-month LNS supplementation and 6-month LNS supplementation. Findings from those in the LNS groups indicated high acceptance and satisfaction with LNS and perceptions that it positively affects child health and development. LNS was integrated into and enhanced ongoing complementary feeding practices. The effects of LNS use on duration and perceived quantity of breastfeeding were variable, but generally, breastfeeding was maintained during and after the intervention. Interviews generated insights into beliefs regarding infant and young child feeding practices such as introduction and use of complementary foods, and breastfeeding duration, exclusivity and cessation. Implications for the use of LNS in public health nutrition programmes are discussed.


Assuntos
Gorduras na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Suplementos Nutricionais , Fórmulas Infantis/química , Aleitamento Materno , Comportamento Alimentar , Haiti , Humanos , Lactente , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente , Estado Nutricional , Áreas de Pobreza , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Inquéritos e Questionários , População Urbana
8.
Am J Phys Anthropol ; 155(1): 66-76, 2014 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24942144

RESUMO

Milk has been integral to pastoralist nutrition for thousands of years, but as communities move toward settled livelihoods, milk consumption is dropping with only minimal evidence for the health and nutrition implications. This longitudinal study aimed to first test whether increased dependency on agriculture reduced household milk production and consumption, and ultimately, nutrient adequacy among the Samburu pastoralists. Second, we investigated whether household milk availability affected child milk intakes and anthropometry. Socioeconomic and dietary intake data were collected from households (n = 200) in 2000, 2005, and 2010, and anthropometric measures and individual child milk intakes in 2012. Nutrient intakes were assessed by the probability of nutrient adequacy method, and generalized least-squared regression modeling with mixed effects was applied to identify predictors of milk consumption. Milk contributed 10% of energy intakes, below maize (52%) and sugar (11%), but over one-half of critical micronutrients, vitamins A, B12 , and C. Livestock holdings and income increased the likelihood of higher milk intakes (overall adj R(2) = 0.88, P < 0.001). Undernutrition was widely prevalent among young children: stunting (30.6%); underweight (23.9%); and wasting (8.6%). There was evidence for a previously described Nilotic body type in the youth, who were taller and thinner than the international reference. Milk consumption at the household level was positively associated with higher body mass index z scores among youth (P < 0.001). Programming for livestock development may better ensure micronutrient nutrition in Samburu, while deeper investigation into the diet and growth patterns of pastoralists could provide insight into leaner and taller anthropometrics for other populations globally.


Assuntos
Agricultura/estatística & dados numéricos , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Infantil , Comportamento Alimentar , Leite , Estado Nutricional , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Animais , Antropometria , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Características da Família , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Quênia , Gado , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Micronutrientes , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
9.
Ment Health Relig Cult ; 26(3): 238-260, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38037562

RESUMO

Populations in countries such as Haiti demonstrate a high level of need for mental health care despite a lack of services and trained professionals. In addition to the dearth of biomedical services, local belief systems and explanatory models contribute to a majority of the population relying on traditional medicine as their first option for care. Using a mixed-methods approach, we aim to characterise mental illness at the first mental health clinic in the region - Sant Sante Mantal Mòn Pele (SSMMP) - by interviewing 96 patients with a demographic questionnaire as well as Anxiety, Depression, and Functionality Scales. Multivariate logistic and linear regression models were conducted examining the impact of demographic variables on whether patients believed their illness was caused by sent spirits or previously visited a Vodou priest for treatment, as well as Depression, Anxiety, and Functionality Scale scores. Factors associated with mental illness in this sample included sex, number of traumatic events, physical health status, and number of sessions attended at SSMMP. Factors which impacted traditional beliefs or practices related to mental illness included sex, age, and income.

10.
Evol Hum Sci ; 5: e18, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37587943

RESUMO

Psychological and cultural evolutionary accounts of human sociality propose that beliefs in punitive and monitoring gods that care about moral norms facilitate cooperation. While there is some evidence to suggest that belief in supernatural punishment and monitoring generally induce cooperative behaviour, the effect of a deity's explicitly postulated moral concerns on cooperation remains unclear. Here, we report a pre-registered set of analyses to assess whether perceiving a locally relevant deity as moralistic predicts cooperative play in two permutations of two economic games using data from up to 15 diverse field sites. Across games, results suggest that gods' moral concerns do not play a direct, cross-culturally reliable role in motivating cooperative behaviour. The study contributes substantially to the current literature by testing a central hypothesis in the evolutionary and cognitive science of religion with a large and culturally diverse dataset using behavioural and ethnographically rich methods.

11.
Am J Biol Anthropol ; 177(2): 343-356, 2022 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36532896

RESUMO

Objectives: This study aimed to characterize mineral nutrition (copper, magnesium, selenium, and zinc) in Samburu pastoralist youth, in the context of differential cultural transitions due to uneven changes in educational access, herding intensity, polygyny, and access to wild, domesticated, and market-sourced foods. Materials and Methods: Whole dried blood spots were collected in a total of 161 youth (highlands, n = 97; lowlands, n = 64) to assess concentrations of: cadmium, copper, lead, magnesium, mercury, selenium, and zinc. Concentrations were determined through Inductively Coupled Mass Spectrometry. Dietary intakes were assessed by 24-hour recall method and calculation of probability of inadequate intakes. WHO protocols were applied to collect anthropometric measures in the youth. Results: Nearly half of the adolescents (47.8%) fell below the reference range for zinc status, and 88.2% had low zinc-to-copper ratios. High probability of nutrient inadequacies were evident for protein, fat, vitamins A, B12, C, and E. In generalized linear modeling, lowland residence was negatively associated with zinc status and the zinc-to-copper ratio, and positively correlated with selenium and copper status. Other significant correlates were: dairy livestock ownership; wife number of the youth's mother; meat consumption; vegetable consumption; protein intake; infectious disease morbidities; BMI; and hemoglobin concentrations. Discussion: In recent decades, Samburu pastoralists of northern Kenya have experienced marked dietary changes in the context of market integration, extreme drought, diminishing pasture availability, and violent civil conflict. Some children (particularly boys) successfully supplement their diets by foraging for wild foods, while others (particularly actively herding girls) may be more vulnerable.


Assuntos
Selênio , Masculino , Criança , Feminino , Adolescente , Humanos , Cobre , Magnésio , Quênia/epidemiologia , Vitaminas , Zinco
12.
Front Public Health ; 10: 934806, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36339158

RESUMO

Background: One in five young children globally suffer the consequences of stunted growth and development and millions experience deficiencies in zinc, iron, iodine, vitamins A and B12, nutrients found bioavailable in fish foods. Small-scale fisheries have the potential to generate income and augment fish consumption while being environmentally sustainable if appropriately managed. However, those engaged in small-scale fisheries are often marginalized, poor, and malnourished. The Samaki Salama project seeks to better understand and address these challenges through a three-arm, longitudinal matched cluster study which evaluates the impact of an integrated nutrition social marketing and modified fishing trap intervention. Methods: There will be 400 small-scale fisher households enrolled from Kilifi County, Kenya and residing in communities matched on location (rural), livelihoods, and child nutritional status. The sample will include mothers and other caregivers, children 6-60 months, and fishers in the family. Applying a cluster design, the matched communities will be divided into three groups: (1) control (n = 200); (2) multi-component nutrition social marketing intervention to fishers, mothers, and health workers (n = 100); and (3) multi-component nutrition social marketing intervention plus modified fishing traps and training (n = 100). Primary outcomes include child growth, fish food intakes, and fisheries yield of mature fish. Secondary outcomes are diet diversity, child diarrheal morbidity, and fisheries revenue. A process evaluation will be used to monitor and ensure fidelity of intervention delivery. Discussion: This study builds on a growing body of literature illustrating the effectiveness of nutrition focused social marketing campaigns to promote active engagement of participants, high compliance to the intervention, and sustained behavior change. The second intervention element of modified fishing traps that allow immature fish to escape enables participants to act on the messaging they receive and promotes sustainable fishing through increased harvest efficiency and reduced catch of immature fish. The integrated approach of the Samaki Salama intervention provides an example of how to leverage multiple disciplines to address key challenges to human and environmental health and illustrates a pathway for scaling study innovations to other small-scale fisheries systems. Trial registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05254444).


Assuntos
Pesqueiros , Estado Nutricional , Animais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Dieta , Quênia , População Rural , Peixes
13.
PLoS One ; 17(3): e0265310, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35286341

RESUMO

This study examines barriers to fish consumption during the complementary feeding period in two coastal counties of Kenya with high rates of child malnutrition. Study findings indicate that young child fish consumption is impacted by factors related to accessibility, food preferences, and caregiver's knowledge and beliefs about fish during the complementary feeding period. These factors are influenced by prominent community figures such as elder women and health workers, whose own beliefs and understandings are impacted by underlying cultural norms, potentially limiting fish consumption. To our knowledge, this is the first study conducted in the coastal region of Kenya to focus on understanding fish consumption attitudes and beliefs during the complementary feeding phase. Our findings represent a critical first step towards the creation of more effective policies and interventions to address the significant nutritional disparities that exist in the study population.


Assuntos
Transtornos da Nutrição Infantil , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente , Idoso , Animais , Aleitamento Materno , Pré-Escolar , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Humanos , Lactente , Quênia , Mães , Pesquisa Qualitativa
16.
Am J Clin Nutr ; 99(1): 198-208, 2014 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24225356

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Haiti has experienced rapid urbanization that has exacerbated poverty and undernutrition in large slum areas. Stunting affects 1 in 5 young children. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to test the efficacy of a daily lipid-based nutrient supplement (LNS) for increased linear growth in young children. DESIGN: Healthy, singleton infants aged 6-11 mo (n = 589) were recruited from an urban slum of Cap Haitien and randomly assigned to receive: 1) a control; 2) a 3-mo LNS; or 3) a 6-mo LNS. The LNS provided 108 kcal and other nutrients including vitamin A, vitamin B-12, iron, and zinc at ≥80% of the recommended amounts. Infants were followed monthly on growth, morbidity, and developmental outcomes over a 6-mo intervention period and at one additional time point 6 mo postintervention to assess sustained effects. The Bonferroni multiple comparisons test was applied, and generalized least-squares (GLS) regressions with mixed effects was used to examine impacts longitudinally. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics did not differ by trial arm except for a higher mean age in the 6-mo LNS group. GLS modeling showed LNS supplementation for 6 mo significantly increased the length-for-age z score (±SE) by 0.13 ± 0.05 and the weight-for-age z score by 0.12 ± 0.02 compared with in the control group after adjustment for child age (P < 0.001). The effects were sustained 6 mo postintervention. Morbidity and developmental outcomes did not differ by trial arm. CONCLUSION: A low-energy, fortified product improved the linear growth of young children in this urban setting. The trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01552512.


Assuntos
Desenvolvimento Infantil , Suplementos Nutricionais , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente , Ferro da Dieta/administração & dosagem , Vitamina A/administração & dosagem , Vitamina B 12/administração & dosagem , Zinco/administração & dosagem , Peso Corporal , Diarreia/epidemiologia , Diarreia/prevenção & controle , Ingestão de Energia , Seguimentos , Haiti , Humanos , Lactente , Estudos Longitudinais , Morbidade , Áreas de Pobreza , Infecções Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Infecções Respiratórias/prevenção & controle , Fatores Socioeconômicos , População Urbana
17.
Health Place ; 18(1): 85-95, 2012 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22243910

RESUMO

The Page Avenue health impact assessment (HIA) was focused on a redevelopment in Missouri. This case study describes a comprehensive HIA led by an interdisciplinary academic team with community partners, as well as compliance with North American HIA Practice Standards. Some of the key lessons learned included: (1) interdisciplinary teams are valuable but they require flexibility and organization; (2) engaging community stakeholders and decision-makers prior to, during, and following the HIA is critical to a successful HIA; and (3) HIA teams should not be too closely affiliated with decision-makers. It is hoped that this case study will inform future HIAs.


Assuntos
Planejamento Ambiental , Promoção da Saúde/organização & administração , Relações Interinstitucionais , Planejamento de Cidades/organização & administração , Planejamento de Cidades/normas , Tomada de Decisões Gerenciais , Promoção da Saúde/métodos , Humanos , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Política Pública , Características de Residência
18.
Science ; 327(5972): 1480-4, 2010 Mar 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20299588

RESUMO

Large-scale societies in which strangers regularly engage in mutually beneficial transactions are puzzling. The evolutionary mechanisms associated with kinship and reciprocity, which underpin much of primate sociality, do not readily extend to large unrelated groups. Theory suggests that the evolution of such societies may have required norms and institutions that sustain fairness in ephemeral exchanges. If that is true, then engagement in larger-scale institutions, such as markets and world religions, should be associated with greater fairness, and larger communities should punish unfairness more. Using three behavioral experiments administered across 15 diverse populations, we show that market integration (measured as the percentage of purchased calories) positively covaries with fairness while community size positively covaries with punishment. Participation in a world religion is associated with fairness, although not across all measures. These results suggest that modern prosociality is not solely the product of an innate psychology, but also reflects norms and institutions that have emerged over the course of human history.


Assuntos
Comércio , Evolução Cultural , Punição , Religião , Características de Residência , Comportamento Social , Adulto , Comportamento Cooperativo , Comparação Transcultural , Feminino , Jogos Experimentais , Humanos , Masculino , Densidade Demográfica , Fatores Socioeconômicos
19.
Soc Work Public Health ; 24(1-2): 178-86, 2009.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19229782

RESUMO

Restocking has conventionally been viewed as a short-term relief or recovery intervention initiated by development agencies for the benefit of destitute pastoralists. In contrast, this case study discusses a community-initiated and -organized restocking strategy to alleviate poverty with support from a development agency. The case study outlines the process that occurred in the Samburu district of northern Kenya through which a number of communities designed restocking programs to meet their perceived needs. It presents results of the program, constraints, and contrasts with more conventional restocking approaches. This study shows the potential for asset-building approaches in the African context and the synergistic effects of linking local cultural traditions with participatory development approaches.


Assuntos
Animais Domésticos , Participação da Comunidade , Secas , África , Criação de Animais Domésticos , Animais , Características Culturais , Estudos de Casos Organizacionais , Pobreza/prevenção & controle , Socorro em Desastres
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