One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass/Minigastric Bypass in Patients with BMI < 35 kg/m2 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Preliminary Report.

INTRODUCTION: Obesity in the world has been increasing, and the number of diabetic patients will increase by 114%, and the best treatment results are achieved through surgery. Several techniques have been described; the gastric bypass of an anastomosis (MGB/OAGB) has been gaining popularity for its simplicity and good results. We present a prospective study with this technique in 16 mild obesity patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus or peripheral insulin resistance. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate weight loss as well as metabolic changes by measuring fasting glycemia and Hb A1c after 1 year of follow-up. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixteen patients were operated on with the OAGB/MGB technique from September 2014 to January 2016, with some form of metabolic syndrome, whether DM2, RPI, HBP, or dyslipidemia, including patients in the study with a follow-up of at least 12 months. RESULTS: There were 13 cases of female sex and 3 of male, average age of 42.9 years, with an average weight of 87.7 kg and BMI of 32.2 kg/m2. Metabolic values were fasting glycemia of 193.6 ± 52.9 mg/dl and HbA1c of 8.4% ± 1 (preop) and glycemia posop, 78.8 ± 7.6 mg/dl; HbA1c posop, 6.1 ± 0.2; preop weight, 87.7 ± 14 kg (69-116); weight posop, 66.8 ± 10.5 kg (49-90); BMI preop, 32.2 ± 1.8 (30-34.9); BMI posop, 25.4 ± 1.7 (21.7-27.6); percentage of excess weight lost, 87.6 ± 11.8 (70.9-100) % with 100% remission of diabetes. CONCLUSION: The results show the benefits of MGB/OAGB in mild obese diabetic patients.

Laparoscopic gastric bypass for morbid obesity-a randomized controlled trial comparing two gastrojejunal anastomosis techniques.

OBJECTIVES: We present a randomized controlled trial of laparoscopic gastric bypass comparing 2 techniques of gastrojejunostomy in patients with morbid obesity. METHODS: Eighty consecutive patients underwent laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass between September 2005 and August 2006. Patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups by the use of sealed envelopes. In group A, the gastrojejunal anastomosis was performed with a 21-mm circular-stapler, and in group B, this anastomosis was performed with a 45-mm linear-stapler. The rest of the procedure was identical in both groups. Variables evaluated were complications involving the gastrojejunostomy, operative time, length of stay, and percentage of excess weight loss. RESULTS: Both groups were similar in age and body mass index. No patients experienced leakage or gastrojejunal anastomosis fistula, but group A patients had a more frequent stricture rate (P<0.05). Operative time and hospital stay were comparable in both groups (P>0.05). Percentage excess weight loss at one year following surgery was satisfactory in both groups, without a statistically significant difference (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Gastrojejunal anastomosis does not seem to be a critical factor in excess weight loss for morbidly obese patients who underwent laparoscopic gastric bypass. The 2 techniques used in this experience are safe and effective; however, the 45-mm liner-stapler is preferable because it has a lower stricture rate.

Results of The Comparative Study of 200 Cases: One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass vs Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass.

INTRODUCTION: Obesity has experienced worldwide increase and surgery has become the treatment that has achieved the best results. Several techniques have been described; the most popular are vertical gastrectomy (GV) and the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). However, mini-gastric bypass/one anastomosis gastric bypass (MGB/OAGB) has gained popularity due to its simplicity and good results. OBJECTIVE: To comparatively evaluate the results of MGB/OAGB with those of RYGB with 1-year follow-up. METHODS: The paper presents a comparative case and control study of 100 patients that underwent MGB/OAGB surgery and another 100 with RYGB surgery, operated between 2008 and 2016. Patients were not submitted to revision surgery and had the following pre-operative variables: age 40.46 ± 12.4 vs. 39.43 ± 10.33 years; sex 64 and 54 women, 36 and 46 men; BMI 44.8 ± 12.06 and 45.29 ± 8.82 kg/m2; 50 and 54 cases with comorbidities, respectively, these being non-significant differences. RESULTS: The surgical time was 69.01 ± 4.62 (OAGB) vs. 88.98 ± 3.44 min; the time of hospitalization was 2 days, reaching a BMI of 27.7 ± 7.85 and 29 ± 4.52 kg/m2, with an excess weight loss 1 year after surgery of 89.4 vs. 85.9%, respectively. The morbidity rates are 9% for OAGB and 11% for the RYGB. There was a comorbidity resolution of 84.4 and 83.7% respectively, without mortality. CONCLUSIONS: The results show the benefits of both techniques, OAGB being the easiest to perform and with less surgical time.

Stapleless laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Preliminary report.

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG) as a single-stage procedure for the treatment of morbid obesity is becoming increasingly popular. In undeveloped countries, the linear staples required to create the sleeve are not always available because of their high cost. As an alternative to the staples, the bipolar vessel sealer device could be used in bariatric surgery to divide and temporarily seal the stomach. SETTINGS: Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela. METHODS: Between May 2015 and July 2016, 9 patients with a mean body mass index of 38.2 kg/m2 were submitted to a stapleless laparoscopic SG using the bipolar vessel sealer for the gastric division. The sleeve was performed over a 42 French bougie and closed with 2 layers of running sutures. Surgical time, morbidity, hospital stay, and excess weight loss were prospectively collected. RESULTS: Mean operative time and hospital stay were 117 min and 2.3 days. There was no major morbidity but 2 patients presented a basal atelectasis, which was solved by medical treatment without consequences. After a mean follow up of 6.8 months the mean excess weight loss was 78.4%. CONCLUSION: The technique of stapleless laparoscopic SG presented in this report is a valid alternative when these devices are not available. Large series with long-term follow-up are necessary to make definitive conclusions.

Infarto esplénico como complicación de gastrectomía vertical laparoscópica. Reporte de caso / Splenic infarction as a complication of laparoscopic vertical gastrectomy. Case report

La gastrectomía vertical laparoscópica es actualmente la cirugía bariátrica más empleada a nivel mundial. Aunque es un procedimiento seguro y efectivo pueden ocurrir complicaciones mayores. En el presente trabajo reportamos el caso de un infarto y absceso esplénico como una rara complicación de esta técnica, que requirió finalmente de esplenectomía como tratamiento definitivo. Caso clínico: Mujer de 22 años con obesidad grado I, a quien se le practicó gastrectomía vertical laparoscópica con buena evolución intrahospitalaria y egreso a las 48 horas. Al 4to día posoperatorio consultó por fiebre, dolor abdominal, taquipnea y taquicardia. Mediante tomografía computada de abdomen se diagnosticó infarto esplénico parcial. Recibió tratamiento médico con remisión inicial de los síntomas, los cuales reaparecieron a la 3era semana. Se reinició el tratamiento médico, esta vez sin respuesta, y con evolución al absceso esplénico. Se decidió esplenectomía como tratamiento definitivo logrando la recuperación completa de la paciente. Conclusión: El infarto esplénico es una complicación infrecuente de la gastrectomía vertical. Su tratamiento inicial es médico, reservando la esplenectomía para los casos que no responden(AU)

Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is currently the most performed bariatric surgery worldwide. Although it is an effective and safe procedure major complications can occur. In the present manuscript we report a case of splenic infarct and abscess as a rare complication of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, finally requiring a splenectomy as a definitive treatment. Case report: A 22 years old woman with grade I obesity underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with good hospital evolution and 48 hours discharge. On the 4th postoperative day she return because fever, abdominal pain, tachypnea and tachycardia. By means of a computed tomography a splenic infarct was diagnosed. She received medical treatment with initial remission of symptoms, which reappear at the third week. Medical treatment was restarted, this time without success, and with progression to splenic abscess. We decided a splenectomy as definitive treatment achieving a complete patient recovery. Conclusion: Splenic infarction is a rare complication after sleeve gastrectomy. The treatment is non surgical, reserving the splenectomy for the non responded cases(AU)

Tratamiento laparoscópico de la hernia inguinal por técnica transabdominal preperitoneal. Análisis retrospectivo de una serie de casos / Laparoscopic treatment of inguinal hernia by preperitoneal transabdominal technique. Retrospective analysis of a series of cases

El objetivo del presente trabajo es reportar y analizar nuestra experiencia con la técnica endoscópica transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) en el tratamiento de la hernia inguinal. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo mediante la revisión de nuestra base de datos electrónica y las historias clínicas en físico de la Clínica Santa Sofía, de los pacientes con diagnóstico de hernia inguinal tratados por los autores en los últimos 8 años. Se incluyeron para el análisis los casos con abordaje laparoscópico, recolectándose sexo, edad, diagnóstico pre e intraoperatorio, procedimientos adicionales, tiempo quirúrgico, complicaciones perioperatorias, tiempo de hospitalización, y morbilidad. Resultados: Se recolectaron 158 intervenciones de hernias inguinales en 102 pacientes, 89 hombres y 13 mujeres, de las cuales 135 (85,4%) fueron por abordaje laparoscópico tipo TAPP. Mediante la laparoscopia se modificó el diagnóstico preoperatorio en 17 pacientes (16.6%). El tiempo quirúrgico promedio fue de 50,5±11,6 minutos, y se presentaron 3 complicaciones perioperatorias y 4 tardías, para una morbilidad total de 5,1%. La estancia hospitalaria fue de 1±0,08 días y el tiempo de seguimiento promedio fue de 7,5±15,4 meses, detectándose 3 recidivas (2,2%) en ese período. Cinco pacientes presentaron dolor crónico posoperatorio, ninguno debilitante, que cedió gradualmente en todos los casos utilizando analgésicos comunes. Conclusiones: La técnica TAPP es una alternativa válida en el tratamiento de la hernia inguinal. Sus principales ventajas son las de optimizar el diagnóstico, permitiendo la reparación en un solo tiempo de hernias no diagnosticadas clínicamente, y su baja incidencia de dolor posoperatorio crónico(AU)

Currently the Lichtenstein technique is the most used worldwide for inguinal hernia repair, however, the laparoscopic approach has been gaining ground in recent years. The objective of the present work is to present and analyze our experience with the transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) technique for the treatment of this pathology.Methods: A retrospective study by the revision of our electronic database and the Santa Sofía clinic physical medical records, of the patients with groin hernia diagnosis treated by the authors in the last 8 years. The cases with the laparoscopic approach were included, collecting sex, age, pre and intraoperative diagnosis, additional procedures, surgical time, perioperative complications, hospital stay, and morbidity.Results : A 158 inguinal hernia repairs were collected in 102 patients, 87 males, and 13 females, of which 135 (85.4%) were through laparoscopic approach TAPP type. By means of laparoscopy, the preoperative diagnosis was modified in 17 patients (16.6%). Mean surgical time was 50.5±11.6 minutes, and 3 perioperative complications and 4 late complications were observed, for total morbidity of 5.1%. Hospital stay was 1±0.08 days, and mean follow-up was 7.5±15.4 months, detecting 3 recurrences (2.2%) at that time. Five patients presented chronic postoperative pain, none debilitating, which gradually yielded in all cases by common pain relievers.Conclusions : The TAPP technique is a valid alternative for the treatment of an inguinal hernia. Its main advantages are to optimize the diagnosis, allowing the repair of clinically undiagnosed hernias in one surgical time, and its low incidence of chronic postoperative pain(AU)

What is the real value of antireflux surgery?

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in esophageal physiology that are produced after laparoscopic surgery in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). METHODS: From May 1996 until January 2000, 13 patients with GERD underwent antireflux laparoscopic surgery. In 8 patients, preoperative manometric studies showed motility disorders characterized by a decrease in the percentage of primary peristaltic waves (32% average), a reduction in the pressure of the waves (40 mm Hg average), and a decrease in the percentage of the physiological waves (7.4% average). Laparoscopic Toupet fundoplication was the surgical procedure used in all cases, without complications and with a good postoperative course. Esophageal manometry was performed 8 weeks after the operation in 7 patients. RESULTS: The results revealed an increase in the percentage of primary peristaltic waves (76.4% average) (P = 0.05906 Wilcoxon Test); an increase in the wave pressure (57 mm Hg average) (P = 0.1056); and an increase in the percentage of the physiological waves (45.8% average) (P = 0.05906). CONCLUSION: Our final conclusion was that antireflux laparoscopic surgery, in this specific case the Toupet (partial) fundoplication, induced recovery in esophageal motility in those patients with peristaltic alterations due to reflux. This plays an important role in disease control because the recovery of esophageal peristalsis allows an increase in its emptying and reduces the possibility of esophageal damage by reflux episodes that could persist even though a fundoplication was constructed.

Laparoscopic diagnosis and treatment in gynecologic emergencies.

OBJECTIVE: To present an analysis of our experience with 22 consecutive cases of acute abdominal gynecologic emergencies managed with a laparoscopic approach. METHODS: From March 1997 to October 1998, 22 patients with a diagnosis of acute abdominal gynecologic emergencies underwent laparoscopic intervention. A transvaginal ultrasound was performed on all patients preoperatively to supplement the diagnostic workup. Surgical time, complications, and length of hospital stay were evaluated, and the laparoscopic diagnosis was compared with the preoperative diagnosis. RESULTS: The laparoscopic diagnosis was different from the preoperative diagnosis in 31.8% of patients. Of the 22 patients, laparoscopic therapeutic procedures were performed in 18 (81.8%), all satisfactorily, and with no need for conversion to open surgery. No morbidity or mortality occurred. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopy is a safe and effective method for diagnosing and treating gynecologic emergencies.

Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass versus laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for the treatment of morbid obesity. a prospective study with 5 years of follow-up.

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) is one of the most widely used bariatric procedures today, and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is becoming increasingly popular. The aim of this study was to compare mid-term results of both procedures. METHODS: From January 2008 to December 2008, 117 obese patients were assigned by patient choice after informed consent to either a LRYGB procedure (n=75) or a LSG procedure (n=42). We determined operative time, length of stay, morbidity, comorbidity outcomes, failures, and excess weight loss at 5 years. RESULTS: Both groups were comparable in demographic characteristics and comorbidities at baseline. No significant statistical differences were found in length of stay and early major morbidity, but mean operative time was shorter in LSG group, p<0.05. Follow-up was achieved in 74 patients (63.2 %) at 5 years, and major complications (early and late) were 10 (21.2 %) for the LRYGB group and 3 (11.1 %) for the LSG group, p>0.05. Five years after surgery, the percentage of excess weight loss was similar in both groups (69.8 % for LRYGB and 67.3 % for LSG, p>0.05). Failures were more common for LSG group, 22.2 versus 12.7 % for LRYGB group, but this difference was not significant, p>0.05. CONCLUSIONS: Both techniques are comparable regarding safety and effectiveness after 5 years of follow-up, so not one procedure is clearly superior to the other.

Laparoscopic technique for hernia reduction and mesenteric defect closure in patients with internal hernia as a postoperative complication of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Internal hernia is a relatively common complication of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Laparoscopic treatment may be a challenge for nonbariatric surgeons if small-bowel obstruction is present. The aim of this paper is to present a systematic laparoscopic technique for hernia reduction and mesenteric defect closure in patients with small-bowel obstruction due to an internal hernia as a postoperative complication of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. From February 2007 to May 2011, this technique was used in 41 consecutive patients. One case was converted to an open approach due to extensive bowel necrosis. There were no complications related to the technique but 2 patients suffered pulmonary aspiration during anesthesia. After the internal hernia repair patients reported no further abdominal symptoms. Treatment of small-bowel obstruction due to an internal hernia should be attempted by laparoscopy except in the setting of bowel necrosis. The technique presented in this article represents a safe and effective option for the management of this complication.

Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass versus laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for the treatment of morbid obesity. A prospective study of 117 patients.

Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) is one of the most widely used bariatric procedures today, and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) as a single-stage procedure for the treatment of morbid obesity is becoming increasingly popular. In this study, we prospectively compared both techniques in order to establish whether there is any superiority of one over the other based on morbidity and effectiveness. From January 2008 to December 2008, 117 obese patients with indication for bariatric surgery were assigned by patient choice after informed consent to either a LRYGB procedure (n = 75) or a LSG procedure (n = 42). We determined operative time, length of stay, morbidity, co-morbidity outcomes, and excess weight loss at 1 year postoperative. Both groups were comparable in age, sex, body mass index, and co-morbidities. Mean operative time of LSG was 82 min while LRYGB was 98 min (p < 0.05). Differences in length of stay, major complications, improvement in co-morbidities, and excess weight loss were not significant (p > 0.05). One year after surgery, average excess weight loss was 86% in LRYGB and 78.8% in LSG (p > 0.05). In the short term, both techniques are comparable regarding safety and effectiveness, so not one procedure is clearly superior to the other.

Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with duodenojejunal bypass for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in non-obese patients: technique and preliminary results.

BACKGROUND: Medical treatment of type 2 diabetes has often insufficient clinical results at long term. Although the surgical option is a well-established alternative for obese patients, the procedures in non-obese are currently being developed. METHODS: A 12-month prospective trial with ten diabetic non-obese patients who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with duodenojejunal bypass is presented. Changes in fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, weight, and BMI were determined. RESULTS: There was a significant reduction in fasting glycemia and HbA1c at 1 year postoperative (p < 0.004). One patient had an intra-abdominal bleeding and a wound infection treated with blood transfusion and antibiotic therapy, respectively. The BMI decreased 12.1% and in any case it was reduced to less than 20 kg/m². CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with duodenojejunal bypass is a promising procedure for the treatment of non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes. Studies with large number of patients and longer follow-up are necessary to make definitive conclusions.

By pass gástrico laparoscópico como cirugía de rescate posterior a procedimientos restrictivos fallidos / Laparoscopic gastric bypass as rescue surgery when restrictive procedures failed

Objetivo:Exponer la experiencia en la cirugía de conversión a bypass gástrico por laparoscopia posterior a procedimientos restrictivos fallidos,en el servicio de Cirugía 2 del Hospital Universitario de Caracas.Pacientes y métodos:Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo incluyendo los pacientes a quienes se les realizó bypass gástrico por laparoscopia como cirugía de rescate posterior a un procedimiento bariátrico restrictivo fallido, en el período comprendido entre enero 2007 y diciembre 2010. Resultados:Entre 2007 y 2010 se intervinieron 12 pacientes con edad promedio de 46,4 años y predominio del sexo femenino (58 %). A 8 se les había colocado una banda gástrica ajustable por laparoscopia ya 4 se les había realizado una gastrectomía vertical laparoscópica. El peso promedio antes de la primera cirugía fue de 125,7 Kg y el IMC 46 kg/m2. Todos los pacientes presentaron pérdida inadecuada de peso con un promedio de 9,8% del exceso de peso perdido, motivo por el cual se decidió realizar cirugía de revisión y bypass gástrico por laparoscopia. La media de tiempo entre el primer procedimiento y el bypass gástrico fuede 47 meses. Sólo 1 paciente presentó complicaciones poso peratorias y se resolvió medicamente. Posterior a 6 meses la pérdida del exceso depeso fue 53,3% y después de un año 70,4% con un IMC de 29,6 kg/m2. Conclusión:El bypass gástrico por laparoscopia es seguro y efectivo como cirugía de rescate luego de procedimientos restrictivos fallido(AU)

Objective: To expose the experience in the conversion to laparoscopic gastric bypass when restrictive procedures failed, at Hospital Universitario de Caracas. Surgery II service. Patients and methods: A retrospective and descriptive study was conducted including patients who under going gastric bypass surgery as rescue procedure after a bariatricrestrictive procedure failed, from January 2007 toDecember 2010. Results: 12 patients with median age of46.4 years and predominance of female (58%) involved.Eight had placed an adjustable gastric band surgery and4 had made a laparoscopic vertical gastrectomy. The aver-age weight before the first surgery was 125,7 Kg and BMI46 kg/m2. All the patients had inadequate weight losswith an average of 9.8% of excess weight lost, reason bywhich it was decided to review and performe laparoscopygastric bypass. The average time from the first procedurewas 47 months. Only 1 patient developed postoperativecomplications and resolved medically. After 6 months, the loss of excess weight was 53.3% and after a year 70.4 percent with a BMI of 29.6 kg/m2. Conclusion: Gastric bypass surgery is safe and effective as surgery of rescue after failed restrictive procedures(AU)

Histerectomía laparoscópica tipo IV: Servicio Cirugía II Hospital Universitario de Caracas / Laparoscopic hysterectomy type IV: Servicio Cirugia II Hospital Universitario de Caracas

Evaluar la histerectomía laparoscópica en comparación con las histerectomías abiertas. Estudio prospectivo descriptivo realizado entre los años 2007-2009, con una población de 32 mujeres a las que se les realizó una histerectomía totalmente laparoscópica (tipo IV según la Asociación de Ginecólogos Americanos). Las variables evaluadas fueron edad, índice de masa corporal, cirugías previas, diagnóstico preoperatorio, cirugía asociada, sangrado, tiempo quirúrgico, complicación, hospitalización, dolor medido por la escala analógica del dolor. En el Hospital Universitario de Caracas, Servicio de Cirugía II. La edad promedio de la población fue de 47,7 años y el índice de masa corporal de 25,8 kg/m2, con un tamaño uterino promedio menor a 14 semanas de gestación. El diagnóstico preoperatorio fue de miomatosis uterina en 25 pacientes (78,12 por ciento), en dos casos hubo hiperplasia endometrial (6,25 por ciento), un pólipo endometrial (3,12 por ciento), una paciente con NIC III (3,12 por ciento), 3 casos con histerocele (9,37 por ciento). Hubo cirugía asociada en 5 pacientes. El sangrado fue menor de 50 mL, con un tiempo quirúrgico promedio de 84,6 minutos. No se presentaron complicaciones inherentes a la cirugía y tuvimos un tiempo de hospitalización promedio de 33,39 horas. Escala analógica del dolor promedio 3. La histerectomía laparoscópica tipo IV es una técnica segura con resultados satisfactorios y superior en algunos aspectos en comparación con la histerectomía abierta convencional

To evaluate laparoscopic hysterectomy compared with open hysterectomy. Prospective descriptive study conducted between 2007-2009, with a population of 32 women that underwent total laparoscopic hysterectomy (type IV according to the of American Gynecologists Association). The variables assessed were age, body mass index, previous surgeries, preoperative diagnosis, associated surgery, bleeding, surgical time, complications, hospitalization, pain measured by the visual analog scale of pain. Hospital Universitario de Caracas, Servicio de Cirugi a II. The average age of the population was 47.7 years and body mass index of 25.8 kg/m2, with an average uterine size less than 14 weeks gestation. The preoperative diagnosis was uterine fibroids in 25 patients (78.12 percent), two cases had endometrial hyperplasia (6.25 percent), endometrial polyp (3.12 percent), one patient with CIN III (3.12 percent ), 3 cases with hysterocele (9.37 percent). Surgery was associated in 5 patients. The bleeding was less than 50 mL, with a mean operative time was 84.6 minutes. There were no complications due to surgery and had a mean hospital stay of 33.39 hours. Average pain analog scale 3. Laparoscopic hysterectomy type IV is a safe technique with satisfactory results and in some respects superior compared to conventional open hysterectomy

Calidad de vida en pacientes obesos sometidos a bypass gástrico laparoscópico en "Y" de Roux y gastrectomía vertical laparoscópica / Quality of life in obese patients undergoing laparoscopic gastric bypass

El presente es un estudio prospectivo en el que se evalúan los cambios en la calidad de vida y tolerancia a los alimentos en pacientes con obesidad mórbida, luego de bypass gástrico en "Y" de Roux (BPGYR) y gastrectomía vertical (GV) por laparoscopia, en el Servicio de Cirugía II del Hospital Universitario de Caracas. Desde septiembre de 2008 hasta enero de 2009 se incluyeron de manera prospectiva, no aleatoria, 41 pacientes; 23 sometidos a BGYR y 18 a GV por laparoscopia. Se aplicaron los test de calidad de vida de Moorehead-Ardelt, y el de calidad de alimentación de Suter, a los 3, 6 y 9 meses de posoperatorio. La pérdida del exceso de peso fue satisfactoria para ambos procedimientos, siendo de 60 por ciento para el BGYR y de 71,5 por ciento para la GV. En ambos grupos hubo mejoría estadísticamente significativa (P < 0,01) de la calidad de vida con respecto al preoperatorio, presentando todos los pacientes un puntaje correspondiente a calidad buena o muy buena a los 9 meses del posoperatorio. La tolerancia a los alimentos se vió disminuida a los 3 meses posquirúrgicos en ambas técnicas, con recuperación posterior a los 6 y 9 meses, siendo mejor en el grupo sometido a GV (P< 0,05). Se concluye que ambas técnicas son efectivas, y mejoran la calidad de vida de los pacientes con obesidad mórbida. Hay un deterioro temporal de la tolerancia a los alimentos y calidad de alimentación, que se recupera progresivamente con mejor respuesta a los 9 meses en los pacientes sometidos a GV

The following is a prospective study that evaluate the quality of life and food tolerance changes in patients submitted to Roux en "Y" gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy by laparoscopy, at Servicio de Cirugía II of the Hospital Universitario de Caracas. From september 2008 to january 2009, 41 patients were included in a prospective, non randomized way; 23 submitted to Roux en "Y" gastric bypass and 18 to sleeve gastrectomy by laparoscopy. The Moorehead-Ardelt quality of life, and Suter food tolerance tests were applied at 3, 6 and 9 postoperative months. The excess weight loss was statistically satisfactory (P< 0.01) for both procedures, 60 percent for Roux en "Y" gastric bypass and 71.5 percent for sleeve gastrectomy. For both groups there was statistically significant improve (P< 0.01) in quality of life related to the preoperative period, with all patients on good and very good quality of life at 9 months. Food tolerance was worsened at 3 months postsurgery in both techniques, with progressive recovery at 6 and 9 months, doing better the GV group (P< 0.05). We conclude that both techniques are effective, and improve the quality of life of morbidly obese patients. There is a temporary worsening in food tolerance that is progressively recovered with better response at 9 months in patients submitted to sleeve gastrectomy

Fístula gastrogástrica como complicación de bypass gástrico en Y de Roux: abordaje laparoscópico / Gastrogástrica fistula as a complication of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: laparoscopic approach

Presentamos el caso de una paciente con antecedente de bypass gástrico por laparoscopia, quien desarrolló a los 2 años de la intervención, fístula gastrogástrica caracterizada por dolor abdominal intratable y pérdida de peso insatisfactoria. Se realizó cirugía de revisión por laparoscopia con gastrectomía parcial del reservorio y remanente gástrico con nueva anastomosis gastroyeyunal. La evolución fue normal desapareciendo los síntomas y produciéndose nueva pérdida del exceso de peso

We present a case of a female patient with a prior laparoscopic gastric bypass who develops two years after surgery a gastrogastric fistula characterized by intractable abdominal pain and unsatisfactory weight loss. A laparoscopic revisional surgery was performed with pouch and remnant gastrectomy and new gastrojejunal anastomosis. The patient evolution was satisfactory, the symptoms were solved and new excess weight loss was achieved

Modificación de la técnica abierta para el neumoperitoneo en cirugía bariátrica por laparoscopia

Se presenta una modificación a la técnica original de acceso abierto para la creación del neumoperitoneo, en pacientes con obesidad clínicamente severa sometidos a cirugía laparoscópica

We present a modification of the original technique for open access to create a pneumoperitoneum, in patients with clinically severe obesity who underwent laparoscopic surgery

Hernias internas luego de bypass gástrico en Y de Roux por laparoscopia / Internal hernias after gastric bypass laparoscopic Roux en Y

Presentamos nuestra experiencia en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de los pacientes con hernias internas luego de bypass gástrico en Y de Roux por laparoscopia debido a obesidad mórbida. Se revisaron las historias de una serie de pacientes sometidos a bypass gástrico en Y de Roux por laparoscopia, incluyéndose para el análisis a aquellos casos con diagnóstico de hernia interna posoperatoria. Se determinó el tiempo de presentación, síntomas, hallazgos radiológicos, abordaje quirúrgico, tipo de hernia, técnica quirúrgica, y morbilidad. Desde enero de 2004 a diciembre de 2009 intervenimos 512 pacientes con obesidad mórbida mediante bypass gástrico en Y de Roux por laparoscopia, utilizando una posición antecólica del asa alimentaria, sin cerrar los defectos mesentéricos. Se reoperaron 30 pacientes (5,8%) debido a hernia interna, de los cuales 27 (90%) se pudieron resolver mediante un abordaje laparoscópico. El tiempo promedio de presentación fue de 20 meses, y el principal síntoma dolor abdominal posprandial. La radiología simple de abdomen fue positiva solo en 8 casos (26,6%). Una paciente falleció debido a infarto intestinal masivo y sepsis intraabdominal para una mortalidad de 3,3%. Se concluye que las hernias internas constituyen la complicación tardía con mayor potencial de letalidad luego de bypass gástrico en Y de Roux por laparoscopia, por lo que es necesario un alto índice de sospecha clínico para un diagnóstico y tratamiento tempranos.

We present our experience in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with internal hernias following laparoscopic Roux Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity. The records of a series of patients submitedd to laparoscopic Roux Y gastric bypass were reviewed, including for the analysis those cases with diagnosis of postoperative internal hernia. Time of onset, symptoms, radiologic findings, surgical approach, type of hernia, surgical technique, and morbidity were determined. From January 2004 to December 2009, 512 morbidly obese patientes were submitted to laparoscopic Roux Y gastric bypass, using an antecolic alimentary limb, without closing the mesenteric defects. Thirty patients (5,8%) were reoperated because an internal hernia, 27 ofthem (90%) solved by laparoscopic approach. Mean time of onset was 20 months, and postprandial abdominal pain was the main symptom. Plain abdominal x-ray was positive only in 8 cases (26,6%). One patient died because intestinal infarction and abdominal sepsis for a 3,3% mortality rate. We concluded that internal hernias are late complication with most lethality potential after a laparoscopic Roux Y gastric bypass, a high index of clinical suspicion is necessary for an early diagnosis and treatment.

Abordaje laparoscópica de las heridas abdominales penetrantes por arma blanca / Boarding laparoscopica of the penetrating abdominal wounds for steel

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar la factibilidad del abordaje laparoscópico en pacientes con heridas abdominales penetrantes por arma blanca.Se incluyeron los pacientes con heridas abdominales o tóraco-abdominales, en quienes la exploración digital bajo anestesia local en el área de emergencía fue sugestiva de penetración peritoneal. Se excluyeron los casos con inestabilidad hemodinámica y/o antecedentes de laparotomías medianas. Desde junio de 2003 hasta septiembre de 2004 se ingresaron 37 pacientes de los cuales 7 fueron abordados por laparoscopia. Se confirmó penetración del peritoneo parietal en 4 pacientes (57,2 por ciento) en los cuales se obtuvo como hallazgos lesiones hepáticas grado I en dos casos, lesión del ligamento redondo en uno y lesión de pared en el restante. En todos ellos la conducta consistió en la aspiración del hemoperitoneo y el lavado de la cavidad abdominal. El tiempo quirúrgico fue de 60 minutos en promedio y no hubo morbilidad ni mortalidad. Se concluye que el abordaje laparoscópico es factible y seguro en la evaluación del traumatismo abdominal por arma blanca con penetración del peritoneo parietal.

Hernias internas luego de bypass gástrico en Y de roux por laparoscopia / Internal hernias following laparoscopic roux en Y gastric bypass

Presentamos nuestra experiencia en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de los pacientes con hernias luego de bypass gástrico en Y de Roux por laparoscopia (BGYRL) debido a obesidad mórbida. Se revisaron las historias de una serie`prospectiva de pacientes sometidos a BGYRL, incluyéndose para el análisis a aquellos casos con diagnóstico de hernia interna posoperatoria. Se determinó el tiempo de presentación, síntomas hallazgos radiológicos, abordaje quirúrgico, tipo de hernía, técnica quirúrgica, y morbilidad. Desde enero de 2004 a diciembre de 2009 intervenimos 512 pacientes con obesidad mórbida mediante BGYRL, utilizando una posición antecólica del asa alimentaria, sin cerrar los defectos mesentéricos. Se reoperaron 30 pacientes (5.8%) debido a hernia interna, de los cuales 27 (90%) se pudieron resolver mediante un abordaje laparoscópico. El tiempo promedo de presentación fue de 20 meses, y el principal síntoma dolor abdominal postprandial. La radiología simple de abdomen fue positiva sólo en 8 casos (26.6%). Una`paciente falleció debido a infarto intestinal masivo y sepsis intraabdominal para una mortalidad de 3.3%. Se concluye que las hernias internas constituyen la complicación tardia con mayor potencial de letalidad luego de BGYRL, por lo que es necesario un alto índice de sospecha clínico para un diagnóstico y tratamiento tempranos.

We present our experience in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with internal hernias following laparoscopic Roux en Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) for morbid obesity. The records of a prospective series of patients submitted to LRYGB were reviewed, including for the analysis those with diagnosis of postoperative internal hernia. Time of onset, symptoms, radiologic findines, surgical approach, type of hernia, surgical technique, and morbidity were determined. From January 2004 to December 2009, 512 morbidity obese patients were submitted to LRYGB, using an antecolic alimentary limb, without closing the mesentetic defects. Thirty patients (5.8%) were reoerated because an internal hernia, 27 of them (90%) solved by laparoscopic approach. Mean time of onset was 20 months, and postprandial abdominal pain was the main symptom. Plain abdominal x-ray was positive only in 8 cases (26.6%) One patient died because intestinal infarction and abdominal sepsis for a 3.3% mortality rate. We concluded that internal hernias are the late complication with most lethality potential after a LRYGB, a high index of clinical suspición is necessary for an early diagnosis and treatment.