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1.
Bioorg Chem ; 150: 107532, 2024 Jun 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38852312

RESUMO

Staphylococcus aureus is considered to be an extracellular pathogen. However, survival of S.aureus within host cells may cause long-term colonization and clinical failure. Current treatments have poor efficacy in clearing intracellular bacteria. Antibody-antibiotic conjugates (AACs) is a novel strategy for eliminating intracellular bacteria. Herein, we use KRM-1657 as payload of AAC for the first time, and we conjugate it with anti S. aureus antibody via a dipeptide linker (Valine-Alanine) to obtain a novel AAC (ASAK-22). The ASAK-22 exhibits good in vitro pharmacokinetic properties and inhibitory activity against intracellular MRSA, with 100 µg/mL of ASAK-22 capable of eliminating intracellular MRSA to the detection limit. Furthermore, the in vivo results demonstrate that a single administration of ASAK-22 significantly reduces the bacterial burden in the bacteremia model, which is superior to the vancomycin treatment.

2.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf ; 279: 116474, 2024 Jul 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38772144

RESUMO

Rhubarb is widely used in health care, but causing a great amount of rhein-containing herbal residue. Rhein with several toxicities might pollute environment, damage ecology and even hazard human health if left untreated. In this study, the degradation effects of bisulfite- (BS) and peroxymonosulfate- (PMS) based oxidation systems on rhein in rhubarb residue were compared and investigated. The effects of BS and PMS with two valence states of ferric ion (Fe) on the degradation of rhein in rhubarb residue were optimized for the selection of optimal oxidation system. The influences of reaction temperature, reaction time and initial pH on the removal of rhein under the optimal oxidation system were evaluated. The chemical profiles of rhubarb residue with and without oxidation process were compared by UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS, and the degradation effects were investigated by PLS-DA and S plot/OPLS-DA analysis. The results manifested that PMS showed relative higher efficiency than BS on the degradation of rhein. Moreover, Fe(III) promoted the degradation effect of PMS, demonstrated that Fe(III)/PMS is the optimal oxidation system to degrade rhein in rhubarb residue. Further studies indicated that the degradation of rhein by the Fe(III)/PMS oxidation system was accelerated with the prolong of reaction time and the elevation of reaction temperature, and also affected by the initial pH. More importantly, Fe(III)/PMS oxidation system could degrade rhein in rhubarb residue completely under the optimal conditions. In conclusion, Fe(III)/PMS oxidation system is a feasible method to treat rhein in rhubarb residue.


Assuntos
Antraquinonas , Oxirredução , Peróxidos , Rheum , Antraquinonas/química , Rheum/química , Peróxidos/química , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem , Sulfitos/química , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Compostos Férricos/química , Temperatura
3.
Int J Cancer ; 153(1): 54-63, 2023 07 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36897046

RESUMO

Evidence regarding associations of general and abdominal obesity with the risk of conventional adenomas (ADs) and serrated polyps (SPs) from Asian population is scarce. Our study aimed to investigate the independent and joint associations of general obesity assessed by body mass index (BMI) and abdominal obesity assessed by waist circumference (WC) or waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) with the risk of ADs and SPs among 25 222 participants recruited by a population-based screening program. Compared to participants with normal BMI, those with a BMI ≥28 kg/m2 had increased risk of ADs (odds ratio [OR] 1.52, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.36-1.70) and SPs (OR 1.69, 95% CI: 1.38-2.07). For participants with a WC ≥102 cm (≥88 cm for females), the risk of ADs (OR 1.37, 95% CI: 1.25-1.51) and SPs (OR 1.81, 95% CI: 1.52-2.16) was higher than that of the reference group. For participants with a WHR ≥0.95 (≥0.90 for females), the risk of ADs (OR 1.26, 95% CI: 1.16-1.36) and SPs (OR 1.46, 95% CI: 1.26-1.69) was higher than that of the reference group. Moreover, participants with both BMI ≥28 kg/m2 and WC ≥102 cm (≥88 cm for females) had 61% and 119% higher risk of ADs (OR 1.61, 95% CI: 1.39-1.85) and SPs (OR 2.19, 95% CI: 1.70-2.82) compared to those with both normal BMI and WC. These findings indicate that both general and abdominal obesity are associated with SPs and ADs, presenting stronger association with SPs than ADs. Moreover, the association is more evident when both obesities exist.


Assuntos
Adenoma , Obesidade Abdominal , Feminino , Humanos , Obesidade Abdominal/complicações , Obesidade Abdominal/epidemiologia , Obesidade/complicações , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Relação Cintura-Quadril , Circunferência da Cintura , Índice de Massa Corporal , Ásia Oriental , Adenoma/epidemiologia , Adenoma/etiologia , Fatores de Risco
4.
Haematologica ; 108(8): 2029-2043, 2023 08 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36861414

RESUMO

RNA-binding proteins (RBP) have emerged as essential regulators that control gene expression and modulate multiple cancer traits. T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematologic malignancy derived from transformation of T-cell progenitors that normally undergo discrete steps of differentiation in the thymus. The implications of essential RBP during T-cell neoplastic transformation remain largely unclear. Systematic evaluation of RBP identifies RNA helicase DHX15, which facilitates the disassembly of the spliceosome and release of lariat introns, as a T-ALL dependency factor. Functional analysis using multiple murine T-ALL models demonstrates the essential importance of DHX15 in tumor cell survival and leukemogenesis. Moreover, single-cell transcriptomics reveals that DHX15 depletion in T-cell progenitors hinders burst proliferation during the transition from doublenegative to double-positive cells (CD4-CD8- to CD4+CD8+). Mechanistically, abrogation of DHX15 perturbs RNA splicing and leads to diminished levels of SLC7A6 and SLC38A5 transcripts due to intron retention, thereby suppressing glutamine import and mTORC1 activity. We further propose a DHX15 signature modulator drug ciclopirox and demonstrate that it has prominent anti-T-ALL efficacy. Collectively, our data highlight the functional contribution of DHX15 to leukemogenesis through regulation of established oncogenic pathways. These findings also suggest a promising therapeutic approach, i.e., splicing perturbation by targeting spliceosome disassembly, may achieve considerable anti-tumor efficacy.


Assuntos
Leucemia , RNA Helicases , Humanos , Animais , Camundongos , RNA Helicases/genética , RNA Helicases/metabolismo , Splicing de RNA , Spliceossomos/genética , Leucemia/metabolismo , Sistemas de Transporte de Aminoácidos Básicos/genética , Sistemas de Transporte de Aminoácidos Básicos/metabolismo
5.
Int J Cancer ; 151(1): 67-76, 2022 07 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35191524

RESUMO

Evidence on the link between healthy lifestyle and colorectal cancer (CRC) precursors is limited. Our study aimed to examine and compare the associations of healthy lifestyle with CRC precursors in adenoma (AD)-carcinoma and serrated pathways. A total of 24 480 participants including 6309 ADs, 1343 serrated polyps (SPs), and 16 828 polyp-free controls were included. A healthy lifestyle score (HLS) was constructed based on five lifestyle factors including cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity, diet and body weight, and categorized into least, slightly, moderately and most healthy. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Inverse dose-response associations between the HLS and risk of ADs were observed (OR per 1 score increment for ADs: 0.82 [95% CI 0.79-0.84]; for SPs: 0.73 [95% CI 0.69-0.78]), and the association with SPs was more evident than with ADs (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.85-0.96). Compared to participants with the least healthy lifestyle, those with the most healthy lifestyle had 47% lower risk of ADs (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.47-0.59) and 70% lower risk of SPs (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.23-0.39), respectively. These inverse associations were consistent across lesion stage and anatomic subsite and not modified by any stratification factors. The risk advancement periods for the most vs the least healthy lifestyle were -9.49 years for ADs and -20.69 years for SPs. Our findings help confirm the preventive role of healthy lifestyle in colorectal carcinogenesis.


Assuntos
Adenoma , Pólipos do Colo , Neoplasias Colorretais , Adenoma/epidemiologia , Adenoma/patologia , Pólipos do Colo/diagnóstico , Pólipos do Colo/epidemiologia , Colonoscopia , Neoplasias Colorretais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Colorretais/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Colorretais/prevenção & controle , Estilo de Vida Saudável , Humanos , Fatores de Risco
6.
Int J Cancer ; 150(4): 594-602, 2022 02 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34605013

RESUMO

Patients with conventional adenoma removal are recommended to undergo colonoscopy surveillance to prevent colorectal cancer (CRC). However, evidence supporting the guidelines of colonoscopy surveillance is limited, especially among the Chinese population. We investigated the association between colonoscopy adenoma findings and CRC risk among individuals aged 40 to 74 years who underwent baseline colonoscopy from 2007 to 2016 in Jiashan and Haining, Zhejiang, China; 34 382 participants were categorized into advanced adenoma, nonadvanced adenoma and no adenoma based on adenoma findings. A multivariable Cox regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of CRC incidence with adjustment for potential confounding factors. After a median follow-up time of 7.7 years, 113 incident cases of CRC were identified (18 occurred in 1632 participants with advanced adenoma, 16 in 3973 participants with nonadvanced adenoma and 79 in 28 777 participants with no adenoma). Compared to no adenoma group, the adjusted HR for CRC in advanced adenoma group was 4.01 (95% CI, 2.37-6.77). For nonadvanced adenomas, individuals with ≥3 adenomas showed an increased risk of CRC (HR, 3.65; 95% CI, 1.43-9.31), but no significantly increased risk of CRC was found for 1 to 2 nonadvanced adenomas, compared to those with no adenoma. Our study suggested that the risk of subsequent CRC increased in individuals with high-risk adenoma (at least one advanced adenoma or ≥3 nonadvanced adenomas), but not in those with 1 to 2 nonadvanced adenomas. These results provide the first evidence from the Chinese population for the current surveillance guidelines.


Assuntos
Adenoma/cirurgia , Colonoscopia , Neoplasias Colorretais/etiologia , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Fatores de Risco
7.
Anal Chem ; 94(25): 8992-8998, 2022 06 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35713197

RESUMO

Multiplexed simultaneous detection of various cancer markers is required for accurate diagnosis and treatment of early cancer. In this work, we present a force-coded strategy for the simultaneous detection of tumor-related proteins with tunable dynamic range via magnetic sensing. The multiplexing capability of this method is achieved by designing DNA devices that can recognize different biomarkers and code them with different binding forces measured by the force-induced remnant magnetization spectroscopy, which is not influenced by the color of the light and the solution. Moreover, the force-coded assay with high sensitivity and adjustable detection range is robust, which could be used for practical biological applications such as magnetic sensing, handheld miniaturized systems, and potential in vivo diagnosis.


Assuntos
Técnicas Biossensoriais , Neoplasias , Biomarcadores , Técnicas Biossensoriais/métodos , DNA/química , Humanos , Neoplasias/diagnóstico , Proteínas
8.
J Hum Genet ; 67(9): 519-525, 2022 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35606503

RESUMO

Epigenetics play an essential role in colorectal neoplasia process. There is a need to determine the appropriateness of epigenetic biomarkers for early detection as well as expand our understanding of the carcinogenic process. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess how DNA methylation pattern of GALR1 gene evolves in a sample set representing colorectal neoplastic progression. The study was designed into three phases. Firstly, Methylation status of GALR1 was assessed with genome-wide DNA methylation beadchip and pyrosequencing assays in colorectal lesions and paired normal tissues. Then, linear mixed-effects modeling analyses were applied to describe the trend of DNA methylation during the progression of colorectal neoplasia. In the third phase, quantitative RT-PCR was used to examine GALR1 expression in patients with precursor lesion and colorectal cancer. We found that significant hypermethylation of GALR1 promoter was a widely existent modification in CRCs (P < 0.001). When further examined methylation pattern of GALR1 during neoplastic progression of CRC, we found that DNA methylation level of GALR1 showed a significant stepwise increase from normal to hyperplastic polyps, to adenomas and to carcinoma samples (P < 0.001). Besides, loss of mRNA expression is a common accompaniment to adenomas and carcinomas. Public omics data analyses showed an inverse correlation between gene expression and DNA methylation (P < 0.001). Our findings indicate that epigenetic alteration of GALR1 promoter is gradually accumulated during the colorectal neoplastic progression. It can potentially be a promising biomarker used for screening and surveillance of colorectal cancer.


Assuntos
Adenoma , Neoplasias Colorretais , Receptor Tipo 1 de Galanina/genética , Adenoma/diagnóstico , Adenoma/genética , Adenoma/patologia , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Carcinogênese/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Metilação de DNA , Epigênese Genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas
9.
Pharm Res ; 38(4): 669-680, 2021 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33796952

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To address the issue of local drug delivery in tumor treatment, a novel nanoparticle-hydrogel superstructure, namely semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPNs) hydrogel composed of poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) and hyaluronic acid (HA) and incorporated with paclitaxel (PTX) loaded PLGA nanoparticles (PEGDA-HA/PLGA-PTX), was prepared by in situ UV photopolymerization for the use of local drug delivery. METHODS: Using the gelation time, swelling rate and degradation rate as indicators, the optimal proportion of Irgacure 2959 initiator and the concentration of HA was screened and obtained for preparing hydrogels. Next, paclitaxel (PTX) loaded PLGA nanoparticles (PLGA-PTX NPs) were prepared by the emulsion solvent evaporation method. RESULTS: The mass ratio of the initiator was 1%, and the best concentration of HA was 5 mg/mL in PEGDA-HA hydrogel. In vitro experiments showed that PLGA-PTX NPs had similar cytotoxicity to free PTX, and the cell uptake ratio on NCI-H460 cells was up to 96% by laser confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. The drug release of the PEGDA-HA/PLGA-PTX hydrogel local drug delivery system could last for 13 days. In vivo experiments proved that PEGDAHA/PLGA-PTX hydrogel could effectively inhibit the tumor growth without causing toxic effects in mice. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that the PEGDA-HA/PLGA-PTX hydrogel is a promising local drug delivery system in future clinical applications for tumor therapy. A photopolymerized semi-interpenetrating polymer networks-based hydrogel incorporated with paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles was fabricated by in situ UV photopolymerization, providing a promised nanoplatform for local chemotherapy of tumors.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/administração & dosagem , Portadores de Fármacos/química , Hidrogéis/química , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Paclitaxel/administração & dosagem , Animais , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacocinética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Preparações de Ação Retardada/administração & dosagem , Preparações de Ação Retardada/farmacocinética , Composição de Medicamentos/métodos , Liberação Controlada de Fármacos , Humanos , Ácido Hialurônico/química , Camundongos , Nanopartículas/química , Neoplasias/patologia , Polietilenoglicóis/química , Copolímero de Ácido Poliláctico e Ácido Poliglicólico/química , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de Xenoenxerto
10.
Macromol Rapid Commun ; 42(2): e2000517, 2021 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33047402

RESUMO

Pendant selenium-containing maleimide polymers with different selenium contents are synthesized via a radical copolymerization of styrene and N-butylmaleimide phenyl selenide. The polymer structures are characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, gel permeation chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy with an energy-dispersive spectrometer, which results in the desired structures and selenium contents. The refractive indices of the polymers, which change as a function of different contents of selenium and oxidative stimuli by H2 O2 or O3 , are investigated. Finally, a photonic crystal (PC) is prepared based on the selenium-containing polymer. The visible color changes of the PC are investigated as a function of different concentrations and contact times of O3 .


Assuntos
Ozônio , Selênio , Maleimidas , Polimerização , Polímeros , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier
11.
Macromol Rapid Commun ; 42(18): e2000764, 2021 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33544949

RESUMO

Selenium-containing monomer (p-phenylseleno) styrene (p-PhSeSt) is polymerized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. Polymer, (P(p-PhSeSt)), with controlled molecular weight and narrow molecular weight is obtained. The selenide moiety in obtained P(p-PhSeSt) can be selectively oxidized to selenoxide or selenone groups by H2 O2 or NaClO, respectively. These oxidized groups can be further reduced to selenide by Na2 S2 O4 . The structure changing of polymers during such redox cycle is characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and size exclusion chromatography. Properties, such as thermal performance, glass transition temperature, water contact angles, and refractive indices, of the resulting polymers are systematically investigated before and after oxidation. In addition, SiO2 inverse opal photonic crystal (IOPC) is fabricated by sacrificial polymer colloidal template method. Owing to changes of the RIs of P(p-PhSeSt) after selective oxidation, the predictable change of PC bandgap as a redox-responsive PC sensor is successfully realized, which provides new perspectives for modulating photonic crystals.


Assuntos
Dióxido de Silício , Substâncias Macromoleculares , Oxirredução , Polimerização , Óxidos de Selênio
12.
J Dairy Sci ; 104(12): 12207-12215, 2021 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34531055

RESUMO

This study was designed to provide novel insights into milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) proteins in donkey colostrum (DC) and bovine colostrum (BC) using quantitative proteomics. In total, 179 (DC) and 195 (BC) MFGM proteins were characterized, including 71 shared, 108 DC-specific, and 124 BC-specific proteins. Fifty-one shared proteins were selected as differentially expressed MFGM proteins, including 21 upregulated and 30 downregulated proteins in DC. Gene ontology analysis showed that these proteins were mainly enriched in cellular components, including the extracellular exosome, extracellular space, and plasma membrane. Additionally, they were further involved in metabolic pathways, including cholesterol metabolism, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling pathway, and purine metabolism. Furthermore, several key protein factors with high connectivity were identified via protein-protein interaction analysis. These results provide more comprehensive knowledge of differences in the biological properties of MFGM proteins in DC and BC as well as pave the way for future studies of the nutritional and functional requirements of these important ingredients toward the development of dairy products based on multiple milk sources.


Assuntos
Proteômica , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem , Animais , Bovinos , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/veterinária , Colostro , Equidae , Feminino , Glicolipídeos , Glicoproteínas , Gotículas Lipídicas , Proteínas de Membrana , Proteínas do Leite , Gravidez , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem/veterinária
13.
Psychiatr Q ; 92(1): 311-320, 2021 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32661940

RESUMO

Nonconvulsive electrotherapy (NET) defined as electrical brain stimulation administered like standard electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), but below seizure threshold, could be effective for patients with treatment-refractory depression (TRD) with fewer adverse neurocognitive outcomes. However, there is a lack of studies in Chinese patients with TRD. Thus, this study was conducted to examine the efficacy and safety of adjunctive NET for Chinese patients with TRD. Twenty TRD patients were enrolled and underwent six NET treatments. Depressive symptoms, response, and remission were assessed with the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) at baseline and after 1, 3, and 6 NET treatments. Neurocognitive function was assessed by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) at baseline and after the completion of six NET treatments. Mean HAMD-17 scores declined significantly from 26.2 to 10.4 (p < 0.001) after post-NET. The rates of response and remission were 60.0% (95% CI: 36.5-83.5) and 10.0% (95% CI: 0-24.4), respectively. Neurocognitive performance improved following a course of NET. No significant association was found between changes in depressive symptoms and baseline neurocognitive function. Adjunctive NET appeared to be effective for patients with TRD, without adverse neurocognitive effects. Randomized controlled studies were warranted to confirm these findings.


Assuntos
Transtorno Depressivo Resistente a Tratamento/terapia , Terapia por Estimulação Elétrica , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino
14.
J Hum Genet ; 65(3): 271-279, 2020 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31857674

RESUMO

Increasing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified to be associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to investigate whether genetic risk scores (GRS) that aggregate information from multiple genetic variants can predict the risk of CRC in a Chinese population. Fifty candidate SNPs were selected to explore the associations with CRC in a discovery sample with 1002 CRC cases and 999 healthy controls. We modeled the significant SNPs identified by the case-control study as a multilocus weighted GRS and estimated the association of GRS with CRC. Furthermore, 300 pairs of cases and controls were included as a validation sample to confirm the finding. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was used to evaluate the predictive power of GRS in CRC. A total of seven SNPs were found to increase the risk of CRC, and two SNPs were found to be negatively associated with CRC in the discovery sample. Relative to participants with the lowest quartile of GRS, those with the highest quartile had a 2.64-fold (95% CI: 1.99-3.51) higher risk for CRC. For every 0.1 point of GRS increase, the risk of CRC increase by 11% (95% CI: 8-14%). AUROC for GRS alone were 0.59 (95% CI: 0.57-0.62) and 0.52 (95% CI: 0.46-0.58) in the discovery and validation sample, respectively. AUROC increased to 0.62 (95% CI: 0.59-0.64) and 0.71 (95% CI: 0.65-0.76) by combining environmental risk factors. Our findings support an association between GRS and risk of CRC, which provides evidence of improved prediction model for CRC in China.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Adulto , China/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Feminino , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , Curva ROC , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco
15.
J Dairy Sci ; 103(7): 6022-6031, 2020 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32359984

RESUMO

Donkey milk is an ideal substitute for human milk owing to its similar composition. Nevertheless, changes in the composition and related metabolic pathways of free fatty acids (FFA) in donkey milk between colostrum and mature milk have not been studied well. In this study, metabolomic methods based on gas chromatography tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS) were used to explore and compare FFA in donkey colostrum (DC) and mature milk (DMM). A total of 24 FFA were characterized and quantified in DC and in DMM. Of these, 11 FFA differed significantly between DC and DMM, and there were 6 key differential metabolic pathways. These results demonstrated that the composition of FFA in donkey milk changed with lactation stage. The interactions and metabolic pathways were further analyzed to explore the mechanisms that altered the milk composition during lactation. Our results provide insights into the changes in milk of the nonruminant mammals during lactation. The results provide practical information for the development of donkey milk products and a foundation for future research on specific milk nutrients.


Assuntos
Colostro/química , Equidae/fisiologia , Ácidos Graxos não Esterificados/análise , Metabolômica , Animais , Feminino , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Lactação/metabolismo
16.
J Dairy Sci ; 103(1): 992-1001, 2020 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31677837

RESUMO

Donkey milk has been widely shown to be an ideal substitute for human milk because of its similar composition. However, alterations to the composition of donkey milk during lactation have not been well studied. In this study, untargeted metabolomics with ultra-high-performance liquid tandem chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry were used to analyze and compare the metabolites in donkey colostrum (DC) and mature milk (DMM). Two hundred seventy metabolites were characterized in both DC and DMM. Fifty-two of the metabolites in the DC were significantly different from those in the DMM; 8 were downregulated and 44 were upregulated. This demonstrated that the composition of the donkey milk changed with lactation. Additionally, the interactions and metabolic pathways were further analyzed to explore the mechanisms that altered the milk during lactation. Our results provide comprehensive insights into the alterations in donkey milk during lactation. The results will aid in future investigations into the nutrition of donkey milk and provide practical information for the dairy industry.


Assuntos
Cromatografia Líquida/veterinária , Colostro/química , Equidae/fisiologia , Espectrometria de Massas/veterinária , Metabolômica/métodos , Animais , Cromatografia Líquida/métodos , Feminino , Lactação , Espectrometria de Massas/métodos , Gravidez
17.
J Am Chem Soc ; 141(8): 3366-3370, 2019 Feb 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30739439

RESUMO

Exchange coupled bimagnetic core/shell nanoparticles are promising for emerging multiferroic and spintronic technologies compared with traditional, single-phase materials, as they deliver numerous appealing effects, such as large exchange bias, tailored coercivities, and tunable blocking temperatures. However, it remains a challenge to manipulate their magnetic properties via exchange coupling due to the lack of a straightforward method that enables the general preparation of desired composites. Here we report a robust and general one-pot approach for the synthesis of different kinds of bimagnetic core/shell nanostructures (BMCS NSs). The formation of highly crystalline and monodisperse BMCS NSs adopted a self-adaptive sequential growth, circumventing the employment of complex temperature control and elaborate seeded growth techniques. As a result of large lattice misfit, the presence of interfacial imperfections as an extra source of anisotropy induced diverse exchange coupling interactions in ferro-ferrimagnetic and ferro-antiferromagnetic systems, which had great effects on the improvement of the magnetic properties of BMCS NSs. We envision that this new strategy will open up exciting opportunities toward large-scalable production of such high-quality BMCS NSs, thereby greatly potentiating the prospective applications of nanomagnetic materials.

18.
Small ; 15(15): e1900427, 2019 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30844151

RESUMO

Micro-/nanomotors are widely used in micro-/nanoprocessing, cargo transportation, and other microscale tasks because of their ability to move independently. Many biological hybrid motors based on bacteria have been developed. Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) have been employed as motors in biological systems because of their good biocompatibility and magnetotactic motion in magnetic fields. However, the magnetotaxis of MTB is difficult to control due to the lack of effective methods. Herein, a strategy that enables control over the motion of MTB is presented. By depositing synthetic Fe3 O4 magnetic nanoparticles on the surface of MTB, semiartificial magnetotactic bacteria (SAMTB) are produced. The overall magnetic properties of SAMTB, including saturation magnetization, residual magnetization, and blocking temperature, are regulated in a multivariate and multilevel fashion, thus regulating the magnetic sensitivity of SAMTB. This strategy provides a feasible method to manoeuvre MTB for applications in complex fluid environments, such as magnetic drug release systems and real-time tracking systems. Furthermore, this concept and methodology provide a paradigm for controlling the mobility of micro-/nanomotors based on natural small organisms.


Assuntos
Magnetismo , Nanopartículas de Magnetita/química , Magnetospirillum/fisiologia , Nanopartículas de Magnetita/ultraestrutura , Magnetossomos/ultraestrutura , Espectrofotometria
19.
Chemistry ; 25(12): 2978-2982, 2019 Feb 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30600858

RESUMO

Multivalent interactions occur throughout biology, and have a number of characteristics that monovalent interactions do not. However, it remains challenging to directly measure the binding force of molecular multivalent interactions and identify the mechanism of interactions. In this study, the specific interaction between bivalent aptamer and thrombin has been measured directly and quantitatively by force-induced remnant magnetization spectroscopy to investigate the binding force and through-bond effects of the multivalent interactions. The measured differential binding forces enable through-bond effects in thrombin-aptamer complexes to be identified, where aptamer binding at exosite II produces visible effects on their binding at exosite I and vice versa. This method might be suitable for practical applications in the design of high-performance ligands.

20.
J Hum Genet ; 63(1): 47-54, 2018 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29167551

RESUMO

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter region of long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) could play a regulatory role in its expression level and then get involved in colorectal cancer (CRC). Thus, we conducted a two-stage case-control study to investigate the associations of Tag SNPs within the promoter region of selected lincRNAs from microarray data with risk of CRC. A total of 320 cases and 319 controls were recruited in the test set to explore the associations between 16 SNPs with no deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) and risk of CRC. Furthermore, 501 cases and 538 controls were included as the validation set to confirm the significant associations. RP11-3N2.1 rs13230517 polymorphism was found to be negatively associated with CRC in both test set (AA vs. GG, OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.48-0.96) and validation set (AA vs. GG, OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.59-0.98). Pooled analysis showed that individuals with GA/AA genotypes had a significantly decreased risk of CRC when compared with those carrying GG genotype (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.60-0.90) in the combined set. The crossover analysis revealed that rs13230517 GA/AA carriers had a decreased risk of CRC than GG carriers among non-drinkers in both test and combined set. However, no gene-environment multiplicative interactions were found on risk of CRC. Our findings suggest that rs13230517 polymorphism might participate in the pathogenesis of CRC and have the potential to be a biomarker for predicting the risk of CRC.


Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Genótipo , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , RNA Neoplásico/genética , Idoso , Biomarcadores Tumorais/biossíntese , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Neoplasias Colorretais/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , RNA Longo não Codificante/biossíntese , RNA Neoplásico/biossíntese , Fatores de Risco
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