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1.
J Environ Manage ; 296: 113189, 2021 Oct 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34225047

RESUMO

After the Paris Climate Conference (Conference of the Paris COP: 21), most developing countries face challenges to attain a sustainable economy and carbon neutrality targets with minimum CO2 emission. The next eleven (N-11) economies are in line with the global phenomena of environmental degradation; very few studies have analyzed the effects of green technology innovation on environmental degradation in N-11 countries. Therefore, the present study addresses the gap and examines green technology innovation and renewable energy with CO2 emission from 1980 to 2018. The present study considers all the issues related to panel data analysis, such as cross-sectional dependence, stationarity, heterogeneity in slope parameters, and structural break with advanced panel estimators. Moreover, the cross-sectional augmented autoregressive distributed lags (CS-ARDL) test results show the negative and significant impact of green technology innovation and renewable energy with CO2 emission in the long run. However, the short-run association of green technology innovation is not significant-further, the results endorsed by the robustness tests such as AMG and CCEMG. To reduce environmental deterioration in N-11 countries, governments are suggested implementing some policies to support green innovation technologies and renewable energy resources.


Assuntos
Carbono , Desenvolvimento Econômico , Dióxido de Carbono , Estudos Transversais , Invenções , Energia Renovável
2.
Mod Pathol ; 33(3): 483-495, 2020 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31471586

RESUMO

TP53 mutations drive colorectal cancer development, with missense mutations frequently leading to accumulation of abnormal TP53 protein. TP53 alterations have been associated with poor prognosis and chemotherapy resistance, but data remain controversial. Here, we examined the predictive utility of TP53 overexpression in the context of current adjuvant treatment practice for patients with stage III colorectal cancer. A prospective cohort of 264 stage III patients was tested for association of TP53 expression with 5-year disease-free survival, grouped by adjuvant treatment. Findings were validated in an independent retrospective cohort of 274 stage III patients. Overexpression of TP53 protein (TP53+) was found in 53% and 52% of cases from the prospective and retrospective cohorts, respectively. Among patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy, TP53+ status was associated with shorter disease-free survival (p ≤ 0.026 for both cohorts), while no difference in outcomes between TP53+ and TP53- cases was observed for patients treated with surgery alone. Considering patients with TP53- tumors, those receiving adjuvant treatment had better outcomes compared with those treated with surgery alone (p ≤ 0.018 for both cohorts), while no treatment benefit was apparent for patients with TP53+ tumors. Combined cohort-stratified analysis adjusted for clinicopathological variables and DNA mismatch repair status confirmed a significant interaction between TP53 expression and adjuvant treatment for disease-free survival (pinteraction = 0.030). For the combined cohort, the multivariate hazard ratio for TP53 overexpression among patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy was 2.03 (95% confidence interval 1.41-2.95, p < 0.001), while the hazard ratio for adjuvant treatment among patients with TP53- tumors was 0.42 (95% confidence interval 0.24-0.71, p = 0.001). Findings were maintained irrespective of tumor location or when restricted to mismatch repair-proficient tumors. Our data suggest that adjuvant chemotherapy benefit in stage III colorectal cancer is restricted to cases with low-level TP53 protein expression. Identifying TP53+ tumors could highlight patients that may benefit from more aggressive treatment or follow-up.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/química , Adenocarcinoma/terapia , Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Colectomia , Neoplasias Colorretais/química , Neoplasias Colorretais/terapia , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/análise , Adenocarcinoma/mortalidade , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Quimioterapia Adjuvante , Tomada de Decisão Clínica , Colectomia/efeitos adversos , Colectomia/mortalidade , Neoplasias Colorretais/mortalidade , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Regulação para Cima
3.
Int J Cancer ; 136(4): 894-903, 2015 Feb 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24947688

RESUMO

To investigate the association between cannabis smoking and lung cancer risk, data on 2,159 lung cancer cases and 2,985 controls were pooled from 6 case-control studies in the US, Canada, UK, and New Zealand within the International Lung Cancer Consortium. Study-specific associations between cannabis smoking and lung cancer were estimated using unconditional logistic regression adjusting for sociodemographic factors, tobacco smoking status and pack-years; odds-ratio estimates were pooled using random effects models. Subgroup analyses were done for sex, histology and tobacco smoking status. The shapes of dose-response associations were examined using restricted cubic spline regression. The overall pooled OR for habitual versus nonhabitual or never users was 0.96 (95% CI: 0.66-1.38). Compared to nonhabitual or never users, the summary OR was 0.88 (95%CI: 0.63-1.24) for individuals who smoked 1 or more joint-equivalents of cannabis per day and 0.94 (95%CI: 0.67-1.32) for those consumed at least 10 joint-years. For adenocarcinoma cases the ORs were 1.73 (95%CI: 0.75-4.00) and 1.74 (95%CI: 0.85-3.55), respectively. However, no association was found for the squamous cell carcinoma based on small numbers. Weak associations between cannabis smoking and lung cancer were observed in never tobacco smokers. Spline modeling indicated a weak positive monotonic association between cumulative cannabis use and lung cancer, but precision was low at high exposure levels. Results from our pooled analyses provide little evidence for an increased risk of lung cancer among habitual or long-term cannabis smokers, although the possibility of potential adverse effect for heavy consumption cannot be excluded.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/etiologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/etiologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/etiologia , Fumar Maconha/efeitos adversos , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Humanos , Risco
4.
Heliyon ; 10(5): e27144, 2024 Mar 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38449619

RESUMO

The COVID-19 pandemic seriously threatened human survival and development. It has also highlighted the significant correlation between ecological and public health. After three years of the COVID pandemic, Chinese consumers have become more aware of the importance of health. Especially in the Internet era, consumers' purchasing methods and health awareness have been changed. Consumers can buy nutritious and organic foods. To understand the impact of consumer psychology and health beliefs on the willingness to purchase organic food in the post-pandemic period, this study uses organic beef as an example and extracts key variables from three basic theories. The three basic theories include the Health Belief Model (HBM), the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), and the Norm Activation Model (NAM), respectively. Specifically, perceived susceptibility and severity are combined to form a health belief variable that can drive organic food purchasing. In contrast, perceived benefit, moral norms, self-efficiency, and controllability are introduced as mediating variables to construct the health driving factors of organic beef purchasing. Structural equation modeling (SEM) and mediation effect tests are used to analyse 539 samples. Meanwhile, paths and mechanisms between health concern and other variables are explored. The results show that health concern is an important driving factor. Health concern can significantly promote the formation of willingness to purchase organic beef. Mediation effect tests suggest that health concern can indirectly affect the willingness to purchase organic beef through perceived benefit, moral norms, and controllability, but the mediation effect of self-efficiency is not significant. This study provides important references for government regulation and certification of organic foods as well as for enterprises'organic food marketing strategies.

5.
Heliyon ; 9(3): e12306, 2023 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36923855

RESUMO

Tourism safety is essential for tourists and tourism practitioners. This study conducted a bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer and CiteSpace for 2018 articles indexed on the Web of Science (WoS). It also analysed 7293 Weibo posts between 1977 and 2022 using Python, MYSQL, AI sentiment, and Tableau. The first tourism safety publication on WoS appeared in 1977, while the first Weibo microblog dated was dated back to 2011. Compared to the information posted on Weibo, the annual publications about tourism safety on WoS recorded a stable increment. On Web of Science (WoS), the academic staff and universities produced the largest number of tourism safety posts. On the flip side, the most productive organisations on Weibo are government agencies in popular tourism destinations. "Accident", "medical tourism", "environment", "mediating role", and "hospitality" were important burst nodes in tourism safety on WoS. "Quality", "accident", and health-related words were the foci on both Weibo and WoS. On Web of Science, the top 10 most popular keywords of tourism safety-related articles could be classified into two groups: health ("Covid-19", "restoration", "pandemics", "Sars-Cov-2", "Sars", "mental health") and IT terminologies ("big data", "artificial intelligence"). It has been concluded that "artificial intelligence (AI)" is more likely to be included in the keywords on tourism researched by academia. In contrast, the public may not know about or use AI in the tourism industry. Besides, the top 10 most popular keywords on Weibo related to tourism risks and hazards were drowning and traffic risks and hazards, such as drowning and traffic risks. The digital divide may explain such a difference: the academic circle benefits more from the digital age than laypersons. It may also be the result of institutional differences and information asymmetry.

6.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36834080

RESUMO

Subway operation safety management has become increasingly important due to the severe consequences of accidents and interruptions. As the causative factors and accidents exhibit a complex and dynamic interrelationship, the proposed subway operation accident causation network (SOACN) could represent the actual scenario in a better way. This study used the SOACN to explore subway operation safety risks and provide suggestions for promoting safety management. The SOACN model was built under 13 accident types, 29 causations and their 84 relationships based on the literature review, grounded theory and association rule analysis, respectively. Based on the network theory, topological features were obtained to showcase different roles of an accident or causation in the SOACN, including degree distribution, betweenness centrality, clustering coefficient, network diameter, and average path length. The SOACN exhibits both small-world network and scale-free features, implying that propagation in the SOACN is fast. Vulnerability evaluation was conducted under network efficiency, and its results indicated that safety management should focus more on fire accident and passenger falling off the rail. This study is beneficial for capturing the complex accident safety-risk-causation relationship in subway operations. It offers suggestions regarding safety-related decision optimization and measures for causation reduction and accident control with high efficiency.


Assuntos
Ferrovias , Acidentes , Algoritmos , Análise por Conglomerados , Gestão da Segurança/métodos
7.
Comput Ind Eng ; 171: 108389, 2022 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35791409

RESUMO

In the COVID-19 pandemic, it is essential to transport medical supplies to specific locations accurately, safely, and promptly on time. The application of drones for medical supplies delivery can break ground traffic restrictions, shorten delivery time, and achieve the goal of contactless delivery to reduce the likelihood of contacting COVID-19 patients. However, the existing optimization model for drone delivery is cannot meet the requirements of medical supplies delivery in public health emergencies. Therefore, this paper proposes a bi-objective mixed integer programming model for the multi-trip drone location routing problem, which allows simultaneous pick-up and delivery, and shorten the time to deliver medical supplies in the right place. Then, a modified NSGA-II (Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II) which includes double-layer coding, is designed to solve the model. This paper also conducts multiple sets of data experiments to verify the performance of modified NSGA-II. Comparing with separate pickup and delivery modes, this study demonstrates that the proposed optimization model with simultaneous pickup and delivery mode achieves a shorter time, is safer, and saves more resources. Finally, the sensitivity analysis is conducted by changing some parameters, and providing some reference suggestions for medical supplies delivery management via drones.

8.
Front Public Health ; 10: 947946, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36339242

RESUMO

The growing number of aging populations has become a major problem worldwide. Nursing homes play an essential role in the later life of older adults. Previous research indicated potential associations between external factors and older adults' intention to live in nursing homes. However, intrinsic motivation has yet to be fully understood. This article addresses an academic void that integrated the Basic Psychological Needs Theory (BPNT) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to explore older adults' intentions to live in nursing homes. More specifically, it tested the effects of autonomy, competence, and relatedness needs satisfaction as defined in the BPNT on attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and live-in intentions toward nursing homes in the TPB. An online survey provided quantitative data from 425 aging people. The results indicated that the higher the satisfaction of the basic psychological needs (i.e., autonomy needs, competence needs, and relatedness needs) of the older adults, the lower their intention to live in nursing homes. Furthermore, social pressure partially mediates this relationship. That is, the higher the satisfaction of the basic psychological needs of older adults, the lower the pressure from society. Thus, they should be admitted to the nursing home, and the lower their intention to live in nursing homes. The results contribute to a better understanding of the deep psychological motivation of the older adults' intention to live in nursing homes and support further development of the BPNT-TPB model in older adults' health research.


Assuntos
Intenção , Teoria Psicológica , Humanos , Idoso , Atitude , Casas de Saúde , China
9.
Front Public Health ; 10: 993700, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36530655

RESUMO

Safety training enhances hazard awareness in the construction industry. Its effectiveness is a component of occupational safety and health. While face-to-face safety training has dominated in the past, the frequent lockdowns during COVID-19 have led us to rethink new solutions. A chatbot is messaging software that allows people to interact, obtain answers, and handle sales and inquiries through a computer algorithm. While chatbots have been used for language education, no study has investigated their usefulness for hazard awareness enhancement after chatbot training. In this regard, we developed four Telegram chatbots for construction safety training and designed the experiment as the treatment factor. Previous researchers utilized eye-tracking in the laboratory for construction safety research; most have adopted it for qualitative analyses such as heat maps or gaze plots to study visual paths or search strategies via eye-trackers, which only studied the impact of one factor. Our research has utilized an artificial intelligence-based eye-tracking tool. As hazard awareness can be affected by several factors, we filled this research void using 2-way interaction terms using the design of experiment (DOE) model. We designed an eye-tracking experiment to study the impact of site experience, Telegram chatbot safety training, and task complexity on hazard awareness, which is the first of its kind. The results showed that Telegram chatbot training enhanced the hazard awareness of participants with less onsite experience and in less complex scenarios. Low-cost chatbot safety training could improve site workers' danger awareness, but the design needs to be adjusted according to participants' experience. Our results offer insights to construction safety managers in safety knowledge sharing and safety training.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Indústria da Construção , Humanos , Inteligência Artificial , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis , Software
10.
Front Psychol ; 13: 1044040, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36760898

RESUMO

Globalization and the international labor movement made the ability to work anywhere globally. These individuals are usually organizational expatriates (OEs) deployed to overseas assignments by their employers or self-initiated expatriates (SIEs) who choose to relocate and work in a foreign country. Therefore, this study examines and contrasts the variations in cross-cultural adjustment (CCA) between Chinese SIEs and OEs in Pakistan. Furthermore, it aims to understand how cross-cultural training (CCT) influences the adaptation of Chinese SIEs and OEs. Data were obtained from 35 Chinese expatriates with 17 SIEs and 18 OEs employing a qualitative technique and were analyzed via thematic analysis in MAXQDA 20. According to the study, both SIEs and OEs face distinct hurdles to their CCA in Pakistan, including cultural taboos, language obstacles, and work variations. While numerous aspects that will favorably affect their CCA, including the accessibility of necessities, the friendliness of the Pakistani people, and the brethren relations between Pakistan and China, assist them in making a smooth transition to life in Pakistan. Furthermore, the results indicate that the mediating role of pre-departure CCT and the host country mentors' support and facilitations acquired through online resources contribute to both Chinese SIEs and OEs' CCA in Pakistan.

11.
Front Public Health ; 10: 902576, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36117599

RESUMO

Housing safety and health problems threaten owners' and occupiers' safety and health. Nevertheless, there is no systematic review on this topic to the best of our knowledge. This study compared the academic and public opinions on housing safety and health and reviewed 982 research articles and 3,173 author works on housing safety and health published in the Web of Science Core Collection. PRISMA was used to filter the data, and natural language processing (NLP) was used to analyze emotions of the abstracts. Only 16 housing safety and health articles existed worldwide before 1998 but increased afterward. U.S. scholars published most research articles (30.76%). All top 10 most productive countries were developed countries, except China, which ranked second (16.01%). Only 25.9% of institutions have inter-institutional cooperation, and collaborators from the same institution produce most work. This study found that most abstracts were positive (n = 521), but abstracts with negative emotions attracted more citations. Despite many industries moving toward AI, housing safety and health research are exceptions as per articles published and Tweets. On the other hand, this study reviewed 8,257 Tweets to compare the focus of the public to academia. There were substantially more housing/residential safety (n = 8198) Tweets than housing health Tweets (n = 59), which is the opposite of academic research. Most Tweets about housing/residential safety were from the United Kingdom or Canada, while housing health hazards were from India. The main concern about housing safety per Twitter includes finance, people, and threats to housing safety. By contrast, people mainly concerned about costs of housing health issues, COVID, and air quality. In addition, most housing safety Tweets were neutral but positive dominated residential safety and health Tweets.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Mídias Sociais , Análise por Conglomerados , Habitação , Humanos , Processamento de Linguagem Natural , Análise de Sentimentos
12.
Behav Sci (Basel) ; 13(1)2022 Dec 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36661597

RESUMO

The green leadership (GL) concept has significantly gained popularity over the last decade. Consequently, more research has been conducted on this emerging leadership concept, emphasizing leadership styles that promote the green environment so that sustainable goals can be achieved. In the present research, leaders' emotional intelligence (EI) is positioned as a mediating variable between GL and employees' green organizational citizenship behavior (GOCB). The data of this research comprised managerial and non-managerial staff from the manufacturing and service industries. A PLS-SEM was used to evaluate the relationship between the various factors among 422 employees. The empirical findings indicated that GL and GOCB had a favorable and robust relationship. The results of the study also suggested that a leader's EI mediates the influence of green leadership on their employees' green organizational citizenship behavior. Green leadership is essential in creating sustainable environmental behaviors among employees. It can strengthen leaders' EI, which successively helps them to garner positivity and foster an environment of mutual harmony and cooperation in the workplace to support pro-environmental policies. Overall, our study contributes to and advances previous studies and shows that green leadership plays a critical role in influencing a leader's own EI which, in turn, predicts the green OCB of their employees in the workplace.

13.
Circ Res ; 102(9): 1109-17, 2008 May 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18340010

RESUMO

The dystrophin-glycoprotein complex is a large complex of membrane-associated proteins linking the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix in muscle. Transmembrane heterodimeric (alphabeta) integrins serve also as cellular adhesion molecules and mechanotransducers. In the animal model for Duchenne muscular dystrophy, the mdx mouse, loss of dystrophin causes more severe abnormalities in skeletal than in cardiac muscle. We hypothesized that ablation of cardiac myocyte integrins in the mdx background would lead to a severe cardiomyopathic phenotype. Mdx mice were crossed to ones with cardiac myocyte-specific deletion of beta1 integrin (beta1KO) to generate beta1KOmdx. Unstressed beta1KOmdx mice were viable and had normal cardiac function; however, high mortality was seen in peri- and postpartum females by 6 months of age, when severe myocardial necrosis and fibrosis and extensive dystrophic calcification was seen. Decreased ventricular function and blunted adrenergic responsiveness was found in the beta1KOmdx mice compared with control (Lox/Lox, no Cre), beta1KO, and mdx. Similarly, adult beta1KOmdx males were more prone to isoproterenol-induced heart failure and death compared with control groups. Given the extensive calcification, we analyzed transcript levels of genes linked to fibrosis and calcification and found matrix gamma-carboxyglutamic acid protein, decorin, periostin, and the osteoblast transcription factor Runx2/Cbfa1 significantly increased in beta1KOmdx cardiac muscle. Our data show that combined deficiency of dystrophin and integrins in murine cardiac myocytes results in more severe cardiomyopathic changes in the stressed myocardium than reduction of either dystrophin or integrins alone and predisposes to myocardial calcification.


Assuntos
Calcinose/metabolismo , Cardiomiopatias/metabolismo , Distrofina/metabolismo , Integrina beta1/metabolismo , Miócitos Cardíacos/metabolismo , Função Ventricular , Agonistas Adrenérgicos beta/administração & dosagem , Animais , Calcinose/genética , Calcinose/fisiopatologia , Proteínas de Ligação ao Cálcio/metabolismo , Cardiomiopatias/genética , Cardiomiopatias/patologia , Cardiomiopatias/fisiopatologia , Moléculas de Adesão Celular/metabolismo , Subunidade alfa 1 de Fator de Ligação ao Core/metabolismo , Decorina , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Dobutamina/administração & dosagem , Distrofina/deficiência , Distrofina/genética , Proteínas da Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Feminino , Fibrose , Insuficiência Cardíaca/induzido quimicamente , Insuficiência Cardíaca/genética , Insuficiência Cardíaca/metabolismo , Insuficiência Cardíaca/fisiopatologia , Integrina beta1/genética , Isoproterenol/administração & dosagem , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos mdx , Camundongos Knockout , Miócitos Cardíacos/efeitos dos fármacos , Miócitos Cardíacos/patologia , Necrose , Fenótipo , Gravidez , Proteoglicanas/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Fatores de Tempo , Regulação para Cima , Função Ventricular/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteína de Matriz Gla
14.
Sci Rep ; 10(1): 18003, 2020 10 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33093454

RESUMO

Unconsolidated-undrained (UU) tests were conducted to investigate the mechanical and morphological properties of undisturbed and remoulded red clay, with the microscopic characteristics determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The microanalysis showed that the red clay aggregate was granular, curved-slice and thin layered and flower-shaped ellipsoid, with X and Y-type cracks and pores in the undisturbed red clay. Moreover, the contact modes of red clay aggregates were point contact, line contact, surface contact and mosaic contact. In addition, the main microstructure red clay was flocculation, honeycomb and pseudosphere structures. The pores in undisturbed soil were arranged in one direction, with no obvious directionality in remoulded red clay. The pore area, perimeter and maximum length of undisturbed red clay were smaller than those of remoulded red clay, with a larger probability entropy, probability distribution index and fractal dimension of pore distribution of undisturbed red clay than remoulded red clay. UU tests showed that the shear strength of undisturbed red clay was higher than that of remoulded red clay.

15.
Sci Rep ; 10(1): 17449, 2020 Oct 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33060599

RESUMO

This study investigated the macroscopic physical and mechanical properties of Guiyang red clay during surcharge loading, lateral excavation and lateral unloading with axial loading, and clarified the failure mechanism of microstructure before and after shear under different stress paths of CTC, RTC and TC. Consolidated undrained triaxial shear permeability, SEM scanning, XRF fluorescence spectrum analysis and XRD diffraction tests were conducted to simulate the actual engineering conditions. The stress-strain curve, shear strength, pore water pressure variation rule and macroscopic failure mode of soil samples under different stress paths were analysed. In addition, Image Pro Plus 6.0 and PCAS were used to study the relationship between the macro mechanical properties and micro microstructure failure under different stress paths. The stress-strain curves from CTC, RTC and TC in CU tests were different, with the peak values of shear stress under the three stress paths being P-increasing, equal P-path and P-decreasing path. Moreover, the internal friction angle and cohesion of the increasing P path were higher than those of equal P path and decreasing P path, hence, the influence of stress paths on the cohesion is greater than that of internal friction angle. The pore water pressure is strongly dependent on the stress path, and the variation characteristics of pore water pressure are consistent with the change in the law of the stress-strain curve. Under the same confining pressure in the P-increasing path, the shear failure zone runs through the whole soil sample, and the shear failure zone is significant, whereas under the condition of the P-reducing path, the shear failure angle of soil sample is about 65°, 55° and 45°, and in the equal P path, the soil sample is dominated by the confining pressure, with no obvious microcrack on the surface of the soil sample. The difference is that the distribution of pores in the path of increasing P and equal P is directional, and the anisotropy rate is small, while the distribution of pores in soil samples with shear failure and before shear is random and the anisotropy rate is high.

16.
Nanomaterials (Basel) ; 10(12)2020 Nov 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33261010

RESUMO

In this study, activated carbon (AC) from coconut shell, as a widely available agricultural waste, was synthesised in a simple one-step procedure and used to produce a magnetic Fe3O4/AC/TiO2 nano-catalyst for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye under UV light. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that TiO2 nanoparticles, with an average particle size of 45 to 62 nm, covered the surface of the AC porous structure without a reunion of its structure, which according to the TGA results enhanced the stability of the photocatalyst at high temperatures. The photocatalytic activities of synthesised AC, commercial TiO2, Fe3O4/AC, and Fe3O4/AC/TiO2 were compared, with Fe3O4/AC/TiO2 (1:2) exhibiting the highest catalytic activity (98%). Furthermore, evaluation of the recovery and reusability of the photocatalysts after treatment revealed that seven treatment cycles were possible without a significant reduction in the removal efficiency.

17.
Inj Epidemiol ; 6: 20, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31240169

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: This study examines social disparities across neighbourhood levels of income, education and employment in relation to overall injury hospital separations in the province of British Columbia, Canada. Further, the study examines the relationships of social disparities to a set of three injury prevention priorities in British Columbia, namely, transport (motor vehicle occupant, pedestrian and cyclist), falls among older adults, and youth self-harm. The goal being to better understand area-based injury incidence with a view to precision prevention initiatives, particularly for more vulnerable populations. METHODS: Acute hospital separations from the Discharge Abstract Database were identified for all causes of injury and the three BC injury prevention priorities for the period April 1, 2009 to March 31, 2014, inclusive. An ecological approach was applied where each hospital separation case was attributed with the income, education and employment level according to the injured individual's area of residence, derived from the 2011 CensusPlus data. RESULTS: Injury hospital separation data were available for 191 Forward Sortation Areas in BC. Between April 1, 2009 and March 31, 2014, there was a total of 177,861 injury-related hospital separations, averaging 35,572 hospital separations per year and an annual rate of 779 injury hospital separations per 100,000 population. Injury hospital separation rates varied with the measured neighbourhood area socioeconomic status variables. Injury hospital separation rates demonstrated an inverse relationship with neighbourhood levels of income and education. Neighbourhood area socioeconomic status differences were also associated with the injury hospital separation rates for falls among older adults, motor vehicle crashes involving motor vehicle occupants, pedestrians, cyclists and young drivers, and youth self-harm. CONCLUSIONS: The study results show that neighbourhood levels of income, education and employment are associated with the risk of injury hospital separation. In particular, low education levels in FSAs was associated with increased risk of injury hospital separation, mainly for motor vehicle occupants, pedestrians, young drivers, and youth self-harm. The results of this study provide useful information for implementing injury prevention initiatives and interventions in BC to align with the provincial public health system and road safety strategy goals, particularly for identified priorities.

18.
Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can ; 39(2): 35-44, 2019 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês, Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30767853

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The association between health outcomes and socioeconomic status (SES) has been widely documented, and mortality due to unintentional injuries continues to rank among the leading causes of death among British Columbians. This paper quantified the SES-related disparities in the mortality burden of three British Columbia's provincial injury prevention priority areas: falls among seniors, transport injury, and youth suicide. METHODS: Mortality data (2009 to 2013) from Vital Statistics and dissemination area or local health area level socioeconomic data from CensusPlus 2011 were linked to examine age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) and disparities in ASMRs of unintentional injuries and subtypes including falls among seniors (aged 65+) and transport-related injuries as well as the intentional injury type of youth suicide (aged 15 to 24). Disparities by sex and geography were examined, and relative and absolute disparities were calculated between the least and most privileged areas based on income, education, employment, material deprivation, and social deprivation quintiles. RESULTS: Our study highlighted significant sex differences in the mortality burden of falls among seniors, transport injury, and youth suicide with males experiencing significantly higher mortality rates. Notable geographic variations in overall unintentional injury ASMR were also observed across the province. In general, people living in areas with lower income and higher levels of material deprivation had increasingly higher mortality rates compared to their counterparts living in more privileged areas. CONCLUSION: The significant differences in unintentional and intentional injury-related mortality outcomes between the sexes and by SES present opportunities for targeted prevention strategies that address the disparities.


Assuntos
Acidentes por Quedas/mortalidade , Acidentes de Trânsito/mortalidade , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Suicídio/estatística & dados numéricos , Ferimentos e Lesões/mortalidade , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Colúmbia Britânica/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Áreas de Pobreza , Fatores Sexuais , Adulto Jovem
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