RESUMO
Geraniin has been reported to have numerous biological activities, including antiviral, antihypertensive, antihyperglycaemic, liver protective, antidiabetic, and apoptotic activities. However, the anti-migration effects of geraniin on oral cancer remain elusive. In this study, we revealed the potential antitumor mechanisms of geraniin through the inhibition of the migration and invasion of human oral cancer cell lines SCC-9 and SCC-14. The results of gelatin zymography and Western blot assays revealed that geraniin significantly reduced the activity and expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) of oral cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, geraniin potently suppressed the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), Src, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 but did not affect the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1/2. Moreover, blocking the MAPK/ERK1/2 pathway significantly enhanced the anti-migration ability of geraniin in oral cancer cells. In conclusion, we demonstrated that geraniin inhibits the motility of SCC-9 and SCC-14 cells in vitro through a molecular mechanism that involves the attenuation of MMP-2 expression and activity mediated by decreased FAK/Src and ERK1/2 pathways.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Proteína-Tirosina Quinases de Adesão Focal/metabolismo , Glucosídeos/farmacologia , Taninos Hidrolisáveis/farmacologia , Metaloproteinase 2 da Matriz/metabolismo , Neoplasias Bucais/metabolismo , Quinases da Família src/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Movimento Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteína-Tirosina Quinases de Adesão Focal/genética , Geranium/química , Humanos , Sistema de Sinalização das MAP Quinases/efeitos dos fármacos , Metaloproteinase 2 da Matriz/genética , Proteína Quinase 3 Ativada por Mitógeno/metabolismo , Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por Mitógeno/genética , Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por Mitógeno/metabolismo , Neoplasias Bucais/genética , Neoplasias Bucais/fisiopatologia , Quinases da Família src/genéticaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: As sources of Rhizoma Paridis are facing shortages, utilising the aerial parts of Paris polyphylla has emerged as a promising additional source. However, the components in the aerial parts still need to be explored, and it is difficult to distinguish the aerial parts of P. polyphylla Smith var. yunnanensis (PPY) and P. polyphylla var. chinensis (PPC), two varieties of P. polyphylla. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to establish a comprehensive platform to characterise steroid saponins from the aerial parts of PPY and PPC and to discriminate these two varieties. METHODOLOGY: A dereplication approach and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) analysis were used for the characterisation of steroidal saponins in the aerial parts of PPY and PPC. Multivariate statistical analysis was performed to differentiate these two varieties and screen discriminant variables. In addition, a genetic algorithm-optimised for support vector machines (GA-SVM) model was developed to predict P. polyphylla samples. The distribution of steroidal saponins in PPY and PPC was visualised by a heatmap. RESULTS: A total of 102 compounds were characterised from the aerial parts of PPY and PPC by dereplication. A clear separation of PPY and PPC was achieved, and 35 saponins were screened as marker compounds. The established GA-SVM model showed excellent prediction performance with a prediction accuracy of 100%. CONCLUSIONS: Many steroid saponins that have been reported in Rhizoma Paridis also exist in the aerial parts of P. polyphylla. Samples from the aerial parts of PPY and PPC could be discriminated using our platform.
Assuntos
Melanthiaceae/química , Fitosteróis/química , Saponinas/química , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Análise de Dados , Espectrometria de Massas , Análise Multivariada , Fitosteróis/isolamento & purificação , Componentes Aéreos da Planta/química , Saponinas/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the clinical efficacy of the Jianpi Shengxue tablet for treating renal anemia. METHODS: A total of 200 patients with renal anemia from December 2020 to December 2022 were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups. Patients in the control group were treated with polysaccharide-iron complex, and those in the experimental group were administered Jianpi Shengxue tablet. After 8 weeks of continuous treatment, the therapeutic outcomes regarding anemia were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: After treatment, the red blood cell (RBC) count, hematocrit (HCT), reticulocyte percentage (RET), ferritin (SF), serum iron (SI), transferrin saturation (TSAT), and serum albumin (ALB) all increased (P<0.01), and the clinical symptom score and total iron binding capacity decreased (P<0.01) in the experimental group. Moreover, the improvements in RBC, HCT, RET, SF, SI, TAST, ALB, and clinical symptoms (fatigue, anorexia, dull skin complexion, numbness of hands and feet) in the experimental group were significantly greater than those in the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate for treating renal anemia was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The Jianpi Shengxue tablet demonstrates efficacy in treating renal anemia, leading to significant improvements in the laboratory examination results and clinical symptoms of patients with renal anemia.
Assuntos
Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Ferro , Estado Nutricional , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Ferro/metabolismo , Ferro/sangue , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/administração & dosagem , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/uso terapêutico , Estudos Prospectivos , Estado Nutricional/efeitos dos fármacos , Comprimidos , Adulto , Anemia/tratamento farmacológico , Anemia/metabolismo , Anemia/sangue , Idoso , Resultado do Tratamento , Hematócrito , Ferritinas/sangue , Contagem de EritrócitosRESUMO
Because Jiangsu is an important economic province of China, it is necessary to examine the pollution characteristics and assess the ecological risk of environmentally persistent pharmaceutical pollutants (EPPPs) in this region. In this study, surface water samples were obtained from grade 1-4 rivers and lakes (with an area of 50 km2 or more) in Jiangsu Province, and then analyzed to determine the pollution level of EPPPs. In total, 35 EPPPs were detected in the surface water of Jiangsu Province, with total concentrations in the samples ranging from 66.74 to 2189.83 ng·L-1. The 17 EPPPs with a detection rate of more than 25% are discussed in this study. The total concentrations of 35 EPPPs were 72.48-1142.79 ng·L-1, and the mean concentration was 345.20 ng·L-1. The total concentration of EPPPs was higher in the north and south than in the central part of Jiangsu. Yangzhou city had the highest concentration of EPPPs in the whole province, and the main sources of this pollution were domestic sewage, shipping sewage discharge, and drug use in fishery breeding. The total concentration of EPPPs decreased on both sides of the region, with the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal and waste from the Yellow River forming the middle line. An ecological risk assessment of 17 EPPPs showed that single target drugs posed a low risk to water ecology in Jiangsu Province. The combined risk quotient of 17 EPPPs in water of Jiangsu Province was 0.03-0.52, indicating that EPPPs posed a low to moderate risk.
Assuntos
Poluentes Ambientais , Preparações Farmacêuticas , Monitoramento Ambiental , Medição de Risco , ÁguaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To study data about SARS-CoV-2 virus shedding and clarify the risk factors for prolonged virus shedding. METHODS: Data were retrospectively collected from adults hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) in Wuhan Union Hospital. We compared clinical features among patients with prolonged (a positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA on day 23 after illness onset) and short virus shedding and evaluated risk factors associated with prolonged virus shedding by multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS: Among 238 patients, the median age was 55.5 years, 57.1% were female, 92.9% (221/238) were administered with arbidol, 58.4% (139/238) were given arbidol in combination with interferon. The median duration of SARS-CoV-2 virus shedding was 23 days (IQR, 17.8-30 days) with a longest one of 51 days. The patients with prolonged virus shedding had higher value of D-dimer (P=0.002), IL-6 (P<0.001), CRP (P=0.005) and more lobes lung lesion (P=0.014) on admission, as well as older age (P=0.017) and more patients with hypertension (P=0.044) than in those the virus shedding less than 23 days. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that prolonged viral shedding was significantly associated with initiation arbidol >8 days after symptom onset [OR: 2.447, 95% CI (1.351-4.431)], ≥3 days from onset of symptoms to first medical visitation [OR: 1.880, 95% CI (1.035-3.416)], illness onset before Jan. 31, 2020 [OR: 3.289, 95% CI (1.474-7.337)]. Arbidol in combination with interferon was also significantly associated with shorter virus shedding [OR: 0.363, 95% CI (0.191-0.690)]. CONCLUSION: Duration of SARS-CoV-2 virus shedding was long. Early initiation of arbidol and arbidol in combination with interferon as well as consulting doctor timely after illness onset were helpful for SARS-CoV-2 clearance.
Assuntos
Antivirais/administração & dosagem , Tratamento Farmacológico da COVID-19 , COVID-19/virologia , Indóis/administração & dosagem , SARS-CoV-2 , Eliminação de Partículas Virais , Adulto , Idoso , COVID-19/epidemiologia , China/epidemiologia , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Hospitalização , Humanos , Interferons/administração & dosagem , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Pandemias , RNA Viral/análise , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , SARS-CoV-2/efeitos dos fármacos , SARS-CoV-2/isolamento & purificação , Fatores de Tempo , Eliminação de Partículas Virais/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
The role of corticosteroids in the treatment of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is controversial. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of adjuvant corticosteroids treatment on the outcome of patients with COVID-19 (n=966), using Propensity Score Matching to adjust for potential differences between the corticosteroids group (n=289) and the non-corticosteroids group (n=677). Analysis of data without adjusting differences in baseline characteristics indicated that the proportion of mechanical ventilation and the mortality was higher in the corticosteroids treatment group in total or severe/critical patients. The duration of viral shedding was longer in the non-corticosteroids treatment group in total or general/mild patients. After adjusting the difference between the corticosteroids and non-corticosteroids treatment group, the analysis revealed that the use of corticosteroids had no effect on the duration of viral shedding, in-hospital mortality or 28-day mortality.
Assuntos
Corticosteroides/administração & dosagem , Tratamento Farmacológico da COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2/fisiologia , Corticosteroides/uso terapêutico , Idoso , Quimioterapia Adjuvante , Feminino , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pontuação de Propensão , Estudos Retrospectivos , SARS-CoV-2/efeitos dos fármacos , Eliminação de Partículas Virais/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Constructed wetland is an efficient and convenient wastewater treatment technology that has been widely used in China and elsewhere. However, seasonal frozen soil is easily formed in the cold regions of northern China. The local wetlands are in the frozen soil layer, causing the pollutants from wastewater not to be removed well. Therefore, a new constructed wetland structure that uses shallow geothermal energy to keep the wetland not frozen in the winter is proposed in this paper. The results of the experiment show that the average removal rates of total nitrogen, ammonium ion, and total phosphorus in the multistage constructed wetland system are 54.8%, 44.5%, and 77.7%, respectively. This performance is substantially better than that of conventional wetlands in winter. The proposed wetland structure can be applied to conventional wetlands and avoid the conventional wetlands being idle during cold seasons, which is conducive to the popularization of constructed wetlands (CWs) in cold regions.