[Research on quality standards of zhuang medicine Lonicerae dasystylae flos].

OBJECTIVE: To establish quality standard of Zhuang medicine Lonicera dasystyla, and provide scientific basis for the quality control of L. dasystyla. METHOD: Characteristics of materia medica, microscopic features, TLC indentification, inspection, extractum and determination of chlorogenic acid, macranthoidin B, dipsacoside B were carried out through the experience, microscopic, physical and chemical methods, respectively. The standard of quality control was formulated thereafter. RESULT: The characteristics of materia medica, microscopic features, TLC indentification were specified, the average contents of water, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, alcohol-soluble extracts, chlorogenic acid were 11.6%, 6.6%, 0.2% , 24.4%, 1.16%, respectively, the total amount of macranthoidin B and dipsacoside B was 3.13%. Quality standard of L. dasystyla was proposed according to experimental results. CONCLUSION: The quality of L. dasystyla can be controlled effectively with the quality standard.

[Identification characters of leaf morphological and venation pattern of Baphicacanthus cusia with its confused herb Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum].

OBJECTIVE: To study the identification characters of Baphicacanthus cusia and its confused herb Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum and establish an identification method. METHODS: LMVP (leaf morphological-venation pattern for identification Chinese herbs) and QAERM (quantitatively analyze and evaluate reliability for the method of identification Chinese herbs) were applied for the study. RESULTS: The main differences of the leaf were as follows: Baphicacanthus cusia: leaf base attenuate, dry leaves deep dull blue green, spindle spots, no or small glandular scales somewhere, the limit between midrib and petiole was not clear, below undermost secondary vein some tertiary veins issue from midrib; Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum: leaf base not attenuate; dry leaves yellow green, green, green yellow, yellow brown, no spindle spots, densely covered by glandular scales,the limit between midrib and petiole was clear, below undermost secondary vein none tertiary veins issue from midrib. With the mentioned six groups of key differences, the both plants could be successfully identified from each other. The accuracy of identification results (AC) was from 98.5% to 99.2%, the repeatability of identification results: agreement rate for observation (ARO) was 97.7% and Kappa value was 0.95. CONCLUSION: The established method is simple, rapid, economic and reliable.

[Identification characters of leaf morphological and venation pattern of Houttuynia cordata with its confused herb Gymnotheca chinensis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the identification characters of Houttuynia cordata and its confused herb Gymnotheca chinensis and establish an identification method. METHODS: LMVP (leaf morphological-venation pattern for identification Chinese herbs), and QAERM (quantitatively analyze and evaluate reliability for the method of identification Chinese herbs) were applied for the study. RESULTS: Both venations were brochidodromous-acrodromous and arising from the mid-petiole or the upper section of petiole. The main characteristic of the leaf of Houttuynia cordata: surface with small gray-white stoma protuberances; Ligulate process of stipule-petiole sheath were clear; Primary veins 7 or 5; The innermost pair of primary vein closed up the top of the sinus at blade base or above sinus, and the section of closed vein was straight; Emitted a smell of fish when fresh leaf was kneaded into pieces. The main feature of the leaf of Gymnotheca chinensis: no small gray-white stoma protuberances; Ligulate process of stipule-petiole sheath were not clear; Primary veins 5; The innermost pair of primary vein closed into the sinus at blade base, and the section of closed vein was slightly curve; No smell of fish. With the mentioned key differences, the both plants could be successfully identified from each other. The accuracy of identification results (AC) was 100%, the repeatability of identification results: agreement rate for observation (ARO) was 100% and Kappa value was 1.00. CONCLUSION: The established method is simple, rapid, economic and reliable.

[Comparisons of volatile components in different parts of three species of Rhizoma Curcumae].

OBJECTIVE: To provide the scientific basis for the reasonable development and use of the leaves of Rhizoma Curcumae. METHODS: To extract the volatile oil from roots and leaves of three species Rhizoma Curcumae by steam distillation and isolate these products with the method of gas chromatography-mass spectrum. Taking Nist98 standard mass spectrometer database and contrast as control, the structure of the mass spectrogram was identified, and the relative contents of the components were determined with area normalization method. RESULTS: The anti-tumor active constituents such as curdione and germacrone in the leaves had the greater content than in its rhizome. CONCLUSION: The varieties of volatile components in different parts of three species of Rhizoma Curcumae are similar, but their contents are obviously various. We can make the leaves of Rhizoma Curcumae for recycling use.

[Pharmacognostic studies on Desmodium gyrans].

OBJECTIVE: To study the characteristic features of Desmodium gyrans in order to provide a basis for rational exploitation and utilization of the herb. METHOD: Samples of the title plant were collected, the microscopic features of cross sections and powders were studied. TLC profiles and UV absorption of the plant extract were examined. RESULT: Calcium oxalate crystals were found in cells of transverse sections. Nonglandular hairs were observed on leaf surfaces. Characteristic peaks in the UV spectrum were identified. CONCLUSION: The distinct characteristic features revealed in this studies can serve as evidence for the identification of D. gyrans.

[Pharmacognostic studies on mangrove Acanthus ilicifolius].

OBJECTIVE: In order to prove a basis for rational exploitation and utilization of the herb, the charaeteristic feature for Acanthus iliciflius was studied. METHOD: The botanical and pharmacognostic features of the collected original plant were stadied. RESULT: A. ilicifolius showed obvious pharmacognostic characters. The aerate cells of the root were upgrowth. and four vascular bundles were found in leaf venation. CONCLUSION: The distinct characteristic features revealed in this studies can serve as evidence for the identification of A. ilicifolius.

[Pharmacognostic identification of Cryptolepis buchanaii].

OBJECTIVE: To supply basis for the establishment of quality standard of Cryptolepis buchanaii. METHOD: Characters of crude drugs, microscopic characteristic as well as UV spectrum of the herb were studied. RESULT: Laticifers were found in the cortex and pith of the stem; much papillary non-glandular hair was found covering the stomata in the sub-cuticle of the leaf. CONCLUSION: The results can be employed as the basis for identifying the herb.