Self-management model based on information-motivation-behavioral skills model in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

AIM: To develop and test a predictive model of self-management based on the theory of the information-motivation-behavioural skills model and previous literature on self-management for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). DESIGN: A descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional design was used. METHODS: A convenience sample recruited 248 patients with COPD from the pulmonary medicine clinic in South Korea between July 2020 and June 2021. We used self-administrated, structured questionnaires for dyspnoea, health status, knowledge, attitude, social support, self-efficacy and self-management. Data were analysed using path analysis to test a self-management model for patients with COPD. RESULTS: Gender, COPD self-management knowledge, social support and COPD self-efficacy had a direct effect on COPD self-management. Dyspnoea, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease stage, health status, COPD self-management attitude and social support had an indirect effect on self-management in patients with COPD. These variables explained 43.2% of the total variance for self-management in patients with COPD. CONCLUSIONS: When assessing self-management of COPD; demographic and clinical factors, knowledge, attitudes, social support and self-efficacy included in the information-motivation-behavioural skills model should be considered together.

Factors influencing self-management in Parkinson's disease: A cross-sectional study.

This study aimed to identify factors influencing self-management in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) based on social cognitive theory. A cross-sectional design was used; data were collected at three tertiary medical centers in Korea from a convenience sample of 356 PD patients. Higher self-management scores were associated with higher education level, having a religion, and higher family income. Self-management score was positively correlated with activities of daily living, self-efficacy, and social support, and negatively correlated with non-motor symptoms. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that demographic factors and non-motor symptoms explained 26.2% of the variance in self-management in PD. The explanatory power increased by 7.5% when self-efficacy was added, and by 6.7% when social support was added. Assessment of self-management in patients with PD should consider self-efficacy and social support, along with demographic factors and non-motor symptoms. Self-management programs that reflect these factors may be useful for improving self-management in PD patients.

Association among type D personality, non-motor symptoms, and quality of life in Parkinson's disease: A cross-sectional study.

Patients with type D personality are vulnerable to stress, show poor prognosis in disease, and experience low quality of life. The aims of this study were to identify the associations among type D personality, non-motor symptoms, and quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Data were collected between May 28 and August 6, 2015 from a convenience sample of 196 PD patients. About 20% of participants were classified into the type D personality group. This group experienced statistically significantly higher non-motor symptoms and lower quality of life compared to the non-type D personality group. Based on stepwise multiple regression analysis, the most significant factor affecting quality of life was non-motor symptoms, followed by type D personality, disease severity, and duration of disease. Understanding the clinical implications of type D personality might be beneficial in the management of non-motor symptoms and quality of life in PD patients.

Symptom Clusters and Quality of Life in Subjects With COPD.

BACKGROUND: COPD is one of the most common respiratory diseases. Patients with COPD experience and suffer from various physical and psychological symptoms. We performed this study to identify symptom clusters and the effects on quality of life (QOL) in patients with COPD. METHODS: A total of 130 COPD subjects were recruited from a university hospital in South Korea. Dyspnea, fatigue, depression, anxiety, sleep disturbance, dry mouth, and physical functional status were assessed with structured questionnaires. QOL was measured with the Clinical COPD Questionnaire. Factor analysis and cluster analysis were used to identify symptom clusters based on severity of symptom experiences. RESULTS: Three distinct clusters were identified: a respiratory-functional cluster (symptom cluster 1), a mood cluster (symptom cluster 2), and a fatigue-sleep cluster (symptom cluster 3). Symptom cluster 1 consisted of dyspnea, physical functional status, and dry mouth; symptom cluster 2 consisted of anxiety and depression; and symptom cluster 3 consisted of sleep disturbance and fatigue. Subgroup cluster analysis showed that COPD subjects with higher-scoring symptoms in symptom clusters 1, 2, and 3 had significantly poorer QOL. The symptom clusters were significantly different depending on age, educational level, and monthly income. CONCLUSIONS: COPD subjects may have specific patterns of symptom clusters. The symptom clusters are related with clinical characteristics and had a negative impact on QOL. To enhance symptom management and QOL, approaches and interventions based on symptom clusters, rather than independent intervention for each symptom, may be more effective. Understanding COPD symptom clusters may help successful symptom management, which can improve QOL for COPD patients.