The role and mechanism of autophagy in sorafenib targeted cancer therapy.

Targeting kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are effective tools for treating advanced cancer. However, acquired resistance represents a roadblock in the use of TKIs, such as sorafenib, for cancer therapy. Understanding the acquisition of resistance to sorafenib will help doctors to cope with acquired resistance to TKIs in general and to develop personalized medicine strategies for cancer patients. Autophagy is a biological process that occurs in normal organisms. However, it is also a component of multiple disease processes, including cancer development and progression. However, the roles of autophagy in cancer and in response to cancer therapy are controversial. In this review, we summarize the progress in autophagy and sorafenib resistance research, which is representative of acquired resistance to targeted cancer therapy.

Iodine 131 joint radio frequency ablation treatment for child with hyperthyroidism goiter: one case report / 浙江大学学报·医学版

A 12-year-old girl presented with a history of cervical mass, and one week of throat discomfort and dyspnea. Five years ago, the patient was diagnosed as Hashimoto's thyroiditis and hyperthyroidism; she received antithyroid drug treatment, but the result was not satisfactory. B-ultrasonic showed that the size of thyroid gland was 8.1 cm×3.2 cm in the left and 8.2 cm×4.8 cm in the right. After iodine 131 combined with radiofrequency ablation (RFA) treatment, throat discomfort and recumbent breathing difficulties disappeared, and B-ultrasonic showed that the size of thyroid reduced to 2.3 cm×1.7 cm (left) and 2.8 cm×2.0 cm (right). No recurrence was observed during the two and a half years of follow-up.

Progress of miR-221/222 in tumor diagnosis and treatment / 中国基层医药

MicroRNAs(miRNA)are a kind of small non -conding RNA,which negative regulate target genes expression at post -transcription level by binding 3'-untraslation region(3'UTR).Dysregulation of miRNA pro-files relate to cancer,immune disorders,cardiovascular disease,neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic diseases. miR -221 /222 are two similary miRNAs,which share the same promoter and have the same seed sequence.miR -221 /222 usually target to same target genes and co -regulate same processes and act as onco -miRNA roles.Howev-er,miR -221 /222 maybe act as suppressor in cancer which maybe dependent particular context.The roles of miR -221 /222 are reviewed in this article,will provide a comprehensive vision for comprehending the biological process of miR -221 /222 in carcinoma.

Estimation of glomerular filtration rate with different background region of interest for renography in severe renal insufficiency patients / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective To evaluate the improvement of diagnostic accuracy with background region of interest(ROI)rectification for 99mTc-DTPA renography in patients with GFR≤plasma sampling method). Methods Thirty-three patients(age＞20 years,male/female=13/20)dose of 111 MBq/0.5 ml of 99mTc-DTPA was injected into an antecubital vein.The background ROI was selected below the kidney(Gates method,method a)or around the kidney(method b),then these two different GFR(GFRa,GFRb)were automatically estimated by computer.Meanwhile,3 ml blood samples were collected 2 h and 4 h after injection respectively,and radioactivity of 1 ml plasma was measured.GFR was calculated by dual plasma sampling method(GFRp)and the results were all standardized with the body surface area.The accuracies and correlations of GFRa and GFRb were compared to GFRp respectively. Results The correlation coefficients were ra=0.602 and rb=0.834.The median of difference of GFRa and GFRb was 8.33,-4.41.The median of absolute difference of GFRa and GFRb was 8.33,4.49.The accuracies within±15%,±30%and±50%of GFRa were 24.2%,30.3%and 48.5%,and those of GFRb were 33.3%,51.5%and 81.8%.Conclusion The background ROI around kidney can obviously improve the diagnostic accuracy of 99mTc-DTPA renography in patients with severe renal insufficiency.

~(18)F-FDG hPET/CT in the diagnosis of recurrent and metastatic colorectal cancer / 中国普通外科杂志

Objective To evaluate 18F-FDG hPET/CT in the diagnosis of postoperative recurrence and metastasis of colorectal cancer. Methods GE HAWKEYE coincidence SPECT was carried out in 81 colorectal cancer patients with suspected recurrence or metastasis after intravenous injection of 259 ~ 298 MBq (7-8 mCi) 18F-FDG. The acquired data were reconstructed using iterative algorithm and attenuation-corrected X-ray. The results were compared with the final diagnosis established by histological examination of resected specimens、and clinical follow-up. Results The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV)and negative predictive value(NPV)was 93% (57/61)、80% (16/20)、93% (57/61)、80% (16/20) for 18F-FDG hPET/CT respectively. For conventional CT the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV was 67% (37/55)、73% (19/26)、84% (37/44)、51% (19/37) respectively; 18F-FDG hPET/CT detected 91 recurrent or metastatic lesions whereas only 46 lesions were detected by conventional CT in 65 patients. Conclusions 18 F-FDG hPET/CT has unique value in the diagnosis of recurrence and metastasis in postoperative colorectal cancer patients which was superior to conventional CT. Combined 18 F-FDG coincidence imaging with localizing CT improves the detection and localization of postoperative recurrence and/or metastasis in colorectal cancer patients.