Immunogenicity and Safety of an F-Genotype Attenuated Mumps Vaccine in Healthy 8- to 24-Month-Old Children.

Background: Mumps vaccine immunizations have reduced the incidence of this disease. With the variation of mumps circulating strain, novel vaccine strains are always important. Methods: A 2-center parallel, randomized, double-blind noninferiority trial was performed to compare an F-genotype attenuated mumps vaccine (SP strain) to the A-genotype vaccine (S-79, Jeryl-Lynn strain) in 1080 healthy children aged 8-24 months in Hubei, China. Results: Participants were randomly assigned to receive a high or low dose of the SP or S79 vaccine and then assessed clinically at 30 minutes and 1-28 days postinoculation. No differences in local or systemic reactivity were observed. A similar incidence of severe adverse events associated with the vaccine was observed in the high-dose group and the positive control group. Based on throat swab collections, no viral shedding was present at the 4th and 10th days in any group. Neutralizing and hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody assays with the F- or A-genotype strains showed similar trends in geometric mean titers in the high-dose SP and S79 groups. Increased cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses were observed in all groups. Conclusions: The F-genotype attenuated mumps vaccine is safe, offers immunogenicity against a homologous virus, and is noninferior to the A-genotype vaccine in 8- to 24-month-old children.

Saponins from Clematis mandshurica Rupr. regulates gut microbiota and its metabolites during alleviation of collagen-induced arthritis in rats.

Gut microbiota and their metabolites (short-chain fatty acids, SCFAs) are associated with the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Total Clematis triterpenoid saponins (CTSs) prepared from Clematis mandshurica Rupr. possess therapeutic benefits for arthritic diseases. However, the poor pharmacokinetic properties of CTSs have obstructed the translation of these natural agents to drugs. Here, we examined the effects of CTSs on arthritis symptoms, gut microbiota and SCFAs in rats with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Our results showed that the arthritis index scores of CIA rats treated with CTSs were significantly lower than those of the model group. Most importantly, CTSs moderated gut microbial dysbiosis and significantly downregulated the total SCFA concentration in CIA rats. Compared to the control group, CTSs treatment have no significant side effects on the gut microbiota and SCFA metabolism in normal rats. Two differential analyses (LEfSe and DESeq2) were combined to study the details of the changes in gut microbiome, and twenty-four marker taxa at the genus level were identified via a comparison among control, model and CIA rats treated with high doses of CTSs. In particular, the mostly significantly increased gram-negative (G-) and decreased gram-positive (G+) genera in CIA rats were well restored by CTSs. The observed SCFA concentrations demonstrated that CTSs tend to maintain the balance of the gut microbiota. The data presented herein suggest that CTSs could ameliorate arthritis-associated gut microbial dysbiosis and may be potential adjuvant drugs that could provide relief from the gastrointestinal damage caused as a side effect of commonly used drugs.

Structures and biological evaluation of phenylpropanoid derivatives from Murraya koenigii.

Four new phenylpropanoid derivatives (1-4), together with eleven known analogues (5-15) were isolated and identified by comparison with their references and extensive spectroscopic methods from Murraya koenigii for the first time. Compounds (1-15) were assayed for their inhibitory activities by measuring IL-6-induced STAT3 promoter activities in HepG2 cells, and found compounds 1, 2, 6, and 15 showed inhibitory effects with IC50 values of 11.5, 18.7, 8.9, and 22.7 µM, respectively. The inhibitory activities of compounds (1-15) were screened against NO production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells, and found compounds 3, 4, 9, 11, and 14 exhibited inhibitions against LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 macrophages, with IC50 values of 32.7, 7.9, 42.1, 58.9, and 62.4 µM, respectively.

Four New Pterosins from Pteris cretica and Their Cytotoxic Activities.

Phytochemical investigation of the aerial parts of Pteris cretica led to the isolation and elucidation of nine pterosins, including four new pterosins, creticolacton A (1), 13-hydroxy-2(R),3(R)-pterosin L (2), creticoside A (3), and spelosin 3-O-ß-d-glucopyranoside (4), together with five known pterosins 5-9. Their structures were identified mainly on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR spectral data, ESI-MS and literature comparisons. Compounds 1 and 3 were new type of petrosins with a six membered ring between C-14 and C-15. The new compounds were tested in vitro for their cytotoxic activities against four human tumor cell lines (SH-SY5Y, SGC-7901, HCT-116, Lovo). Results showed that compounds 1 and 2 exhibited cytotoxic activity against HCT-116 cells with IC50 value of 22.4 µM and 15.8 µM, respectively.

A novel phloroglucinol and two new phenolic glycosides from Psidium littorale.

One novel phloroglucinol, psidosone A (1), and two new phenolic glycosides, psidoside A (2), and psidoside B (3), together with nine known phenol compounds (4-12), were isolated from the fruits of Psidium littorale Raddi. Their structures were elucidated using data obtained from MS, 1H and 13C NMR spectra, and correlation experiments (HMQC and HMBC), as well as by comparison with published data.

Luteolin rescues pentylenetetrazole-induced cognitive impairment in epileptic rats by reducing oxidative stress and activating PKA/CREB/BDNF signaling.

Most antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) interfere with cognitive function, and there is therefore an urgent need for AEDs that are effective but do not have this side effect. Various studies have reported the antiinflammatory and cytoprotective properties of the natural flavonoid luteolin (LU); however, none has examined systematically its antiseizure potential. The current study investigated the effects of LU on pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced cognitive impairment in rats and the underlying mechanisms. Seizures were induced in rats by daily injection of PTZ for 36 days. Two other groups were pretreated with LU (50 or 100 mg/kg/day by oral administration) 30 min prior to PTZ administration. Seizure severity was scored, and cognitive function was tested in the Morris water maze. Neuronal damage, mitochondrial generation of reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress, phosphoactivation of the protein kinase A (PKA)-cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) pathway, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression were measured in the hippocampus. Pretreatment with LU suppressed seizure induction, duration, and severity following PTZ injection, reversed cognitive impairment, reduced neuronal and oxidative stress damage, and increased phosphoactivation of PKA and CREB as well as BDNF expression. These results indicate that LU should be further investigated as a treatment for epilepsy.

[Flavonoids from leaves of Psidum littorale].

We investigated the chemical constituents of the leaves of Psidum littorale, which include 16 flavonoids, including seven flavonols, six flavonoid glycosides and three flavonones. The compounds were isolated by silica gel column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis and by comparison with published data. Seven flavonols were kaempferol (1), isorhamnetin (2), myricetin- 3,7,3'-trimethyl ether(3), laricitrin (4), quercetin (5), myricetin (6) and quercein-3,4'-dimethyl ether (7), six flavonoid glycosides were guaijaverin (8), hyperoside (9), 5,4'-dyhydroxy-3,7,5'-methoxyflavone-3'-O-ß-D- glucoside (10), laricitrin-3-O-xyloside (11), myricetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (12) and myricetin-3-O-ß-D- xyloside (13). Three flavonones were 4'-O-methyldihydroquercetin (14), dihydroapigenin (15) and ampelopsin 4'-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (16). Compound 10 is a new chemical, compounds 2-4, 7, 10-16 were first isolated from this plant. (1)H NMR and (13)C NMR data of compound 11 were not reported in literature.

[Quality standard study on Pteris multifida].

The quality control method and standard were established to control the quality of Pteris multifida in this paper. The tests of water content, total ash, acid-unsoluble ash and ethanol-soluble extractives of P. multifida were carried out according to the methods recorded in appendix of Chinese Pharmacopeia (2010 edition, volume 1) . The TLC method was established by using rhoifolin as references, and a mixture of CHCl3 -MeOH-HAc (6: 1: 1) as the developing solvent system on GF254 thin layer plate. The contents of rhoifolin was determined by HPLC on a Diamonsil C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 µm) column, using acetonitrile-water (containing 0.15% formic acid) (16: 84) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1). The column temperature was 30 degrees C and the detection wave-length was 350 nm. As a result, pterosin C 3-O-ß-D-glucosidede and the other constituents were well separated on TLC detected under the UV light at 254 nm . The methodology validation for the assay of rhoifolin presented that it was in good linear correlation in the ranges of 0.025 5-5.1 µg with the regression equations of Y = 1 092.4X + 9.503 5 (r = 0.999 8), and the average recoveries were 100.3% (RSD 1.3%). The content range of rhoifolin from 16 different batches of Pteris multifida was 0.08-5.06 mg x g(-1). The water content, total ash, acid-unsoluble ash and ethanol-soluble extractives of 16 samples varied in the ranges of 7.35% - 12.96%, 6.90% - 16.33%, 2.07% -11.38% and 13.29% -23.87%, respectively. The suggesting limes in the quality standard for water content, total ash, acid-unsoluble ash, ethanol-soluble extractives and rhoifolin content were ≤ 12% , ≤ 15% , ≤ 8.5% , ≥ 14% and ≥ 0.040%, respectively. The result proved that the established quality of control method was specific and accurate, which can be used for the quality control of P. multifida.

Increased lung cancer risk in patients with interstitial lung disease and elevated CEA and CA125 serum tumour markers.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The aetiology and pathogenesis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) and ILD combined with lung cancer (ILD-CA) are unclear. We aim to investigate serum tumour marker (STM) levels and to explore their predictive and diagnostic value of cancer in ILD. METHODS: Fifty-eight patients with ILD-CA, 632 with ILD only and 628 with acute respiratory illness were studied. Serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), CA125 and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) were measured. RESULTS: All STM levels were elevated in ILD-CA compared with ILD group (P < 0.01). CEA and CA125 levels were significantly higher in ILD than in controls (P < 0.01). After adjustment for gender, age and smoking, ILD-CA risk in the CEA and CA125 fourth quartiles was increased compared with the first quartiles (CEA: odds ratio (OR) = 8.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.0-37.6; CA125: OR = 9.8, 95% CI = 2.3-42.7). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis in patients with ILD-CA showed a cut-off points of 3.99 ng/mL for CEA and 35.00 U/mL for CA125 with sensitivities of 74.6% and 71.9%, specificities 70.4% and 66.1%, and the areas under the curve 0.76 (95% CI = 0.69-0.82) and 0.75 (95% CI = 0.69-0.81), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Serum CEA and CA125 levels are often elevated in ILD patients. The risk of cancer in ILD is increased with an elevation of serum CEA and CA125 levels. Serum CEA and CA125 levels may be a marker of cancer in ILD patients.

[Study on Megastigmane Glycosides and Lignan Constituents from Leaves of Psidium littorale].

OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of the leaves of Psidium littorale. METHODS: The constituents were isolated with silica gel column chromatography and the structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis. RESULTS: Four megastigmane glycosides and three lignans were isolated and their structures were identified as Bridelionoside B(1), Euodinoside E(2), (3S,5R,6R,7E,9S)-Megastignan-7-ene-3,5,6,9-tetrol 9-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (3), Bridelionoside C(4), (--)-Isolaricires-inol 3-α-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (5), (--)-5'-methoxy-Isolariciresinol 3-α-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (6) and dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 4-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside(7). CONCLUSION: Compounds 1-7 are isolated from this plant for the first time. The results have provided the scientific basis for further exploitation of Psidium littoratle.

Three new flavonoid glycosides isolated from Pteridium aquilinum.

Three new flavonoid glycosides, (S)-4',6,8-trihydroxyflavanone-7-C-glucoside (1), (R)-4',6,8- trihydroxyflavanone-7-C-glucoside (2) and distenin-7-O-ß-D-glucoside (3), along with nine known flavonoids (4-12) were isolated from the aerial of Pteridium acquilinum. Their structures were elucidated by the analysis of spectroscopy data and their comparison with the reported values. The two C-glycosyl flavanones (1 and 2), were isolated from this specie, which might be chemotaxonomic markers of this specie. In addition, three new flavonoids were preliminarily examined for their anti-inflammatory activity. Compounds 1-3 inhibited the NF-κB induction by 46.3%, 59.6% and 29.2%, respectively.

Three new pterosins from Pteris semipinnata.

Three new pterosins, named as semipterosin A (1), B (2) and C (3), together with 11 known pterosins (4-14), were isolated from the aerial parts of Pteris semipinnata. Their structures were elucidated by HRESI-MS, NMR spectral data, CD and literature comparisons. Three new pterosins were assessed for their anti-inflammatory activity. Compounds 1-3 inhibited the NF-kB induction by 40.7%, 61.9% and 34.0%, respectively. This is the first report of the isolation of compounds 6-14 from this plant.

[Study on the diterpenoids of Tripterygium wilfordii by electrospray ionization tandem and electron impact mass spectrometry].

OBJECTIVE: To study the diterpenoids of Tripterygium wilfordii by electrospray ionization tandem (ESI) and electron impact (EI) mass spectrometry and establish the methods for quickly and on line identification of these diterpenoids. METHODS: The diterpenoids were analyzed by ESI-MS and EI-MS under positive ion model. RESULTS: In ESI-Trap-MS (+) model, the quasi-molecular ions [M + H] + of the diterpenoids took place bond cleavage and generally lost neutral molecules such as H2O, CH2CHCH3, CO and CH2CO, then generated characteristic fragment ion series (m/z 197, 183, 169). In ESI-TOF-MS (+) model, the quasi-molecular ions [M + H] + of the diterpenoids took place bond cleavage and generally lost neutral molecules such as H2O, CO, then generated characteristic fragment ion series (m/z 277, 185, 93). In EI-MS model, the molecular ions of the diterpenoids took place bond cleavage and generally lost neutral molecules such as H2O, CO, CH4, and isopropyl radical, then generated characteristic fragment ion series (m/z 149, 105, 91, 71, 55, 43). CONCLUSION: The ESI-MS and EI-MS characteristics of diterpenoids of Tripterygium wilfordii are reported for the first time. Based on these characteristics, the methods for quickly and on line identification of diterpenoids are established.

The Effect of W Content on the Microstructure, Mechanics and Electrical Performance of an FeCrCo Alloy.

In this paper, FeCrCoW alloys with different W contents (0.4, 2.1 and 3.4 at%) are designed and studied in order to overcome the existing shortcomings of resistance materials. These resistance materials have high resistivity and a low temperature coefficient of resistivity. It is observed that the addition of W has a remarkable effect on the phase structure of the alloy. In particular, when the W content is 3.4 at%, the single BCC phase of the alloy can be transformed into the BCC and FCC phase. Meanwhile, when analyzed by transmission electron microscopy, there are stacking faults and martensite in FeCrCoW alloy with W content of 3.4 at%. These features are related to excessive W content. In addition, the strength of the alloy can be improved, and the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength are both very high, which are considered as grain-boundary strengthening and solid solution strengthening, caused by the addition of W. The electrical resistivity of the FeCrCoW alloys decreases when the content of W is more than 2.1 at%. The maximum resistivity of the alloy is 170 ± 1.5 µΩ·cm. Moreover, the unique properties of the transition metal allow the alloy to have a low temperature coefficient of resistivity in the temperature range of 298~393 K. The temperature coefficient of resistivity values of the W0.4, W2.1 and W3.4 alloys are -0.0073, -0.0052 and -0.0051 ppm/K. Therefore, this work provides a vision for resistance alloys, which can achieve highly stable resistivity and high strengths in a certain temperature range.

UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS-based urine metabolomics studies on the toxicity and detoxication of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. after roasting.

Tripterygium wilfordii (TW), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, was widely used in the treatment of autoimmune disorders and inflammatory diseases. However, the clinical use of TW was limited by severe toxicities, such as hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Our previous studies indicated that roasting was an effective approach for reducing TW-induced toxicity. After roasting, celastrol was completely decomposed, partially converted into 1-hydroxy-2,5,8-trimethyl-9-fluorenone and the total alkaloids content were significantly reduced. However, the detoxication mechanisms of roasting on TW were poorly unknown. This study aimed to explore the toxicity and detoxification mechanisms of TW after roasting based on urine metabolomics. Promising biomarkers were evaluated by multiple comparison analyses. Sixteen toxicity biomarkers were identified between control group and total extract group. Twelve toxicity biomarkers were identified between control group and total alkaloids group. Eight toxicity biomarkers were identified between control group and celastrol group. These metabolites were mainly involved in seven metabolic pathways, summarized as pentose and glucuronate interconversions, lipid metabolism (sphingolipid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolisms, fatty acid biosynthesis and steroid hormone biosynthesis) and amino acid metabolism (taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism). After roasting, the toxicities of total extract, total alkaloids and celastrol were relieved by ameliorative serum parameters and pathological changes in hepatic and renal tissues which revealed that the reduction of celastrol and total alkaloids played important roles in the detoxification of roasting on TW. Furthermore, roasting regulated the levels of fourteen potential biomarkers in the total extract group, ten potential biomarkers in the total alkaloids group and seven candidate biomarkers in the celastrol group to normal levels. Biological pathway analysis revealed that roasting may ameliorate TW-induced metabolic disorders in pentose and glucuronate interconversions, lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism. This study provided evidence for the application of roasting in TW.

Targeting tryptophan metabolism reveals Clematichinenoside AR alleviates triptolide-induced hepatotoxicity.

Liver toxicity induced by Triptolide (TP) has limited its clinical application on rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Saponins have been proved as an efficacious remedy to mitigate hepatotoxicity. However, the mechanism of reducing hepatotoxicity by saponins intervention remains incompletely characterized. Tryptophan (Trp) metabolites activate transcriptional regulators to mediate host detoxification responses. Our study aimed to investigate whether Clematichinenoside AR (C-AR) could attenuate TP-induced liver damage by regulating Trp metabolism. We used targeted metabolomics to quantify Trp metabolites in the serum and liver samples of collagen-induced arthritis rats treated by TP. Multiple comparison analyses helped the evaluation of promising biomarkers. The pronounced changed levels of Trp, indole acetic acid, and indole-3-carboxaldehyde in the serum and indole acetic acid, indole, and tryptamine in the liver are relevant to TP-induced liver injury. Intervention with C-AR could relieve TP-induced hepatotoxicity evidenced by ameliorative serum parameters and hepatic histology. In addition, C-AR regulated the levels of these indoles biomarker candidates to normal. Therapeutic modulation with natural compounds might be a useful clinical strategy to ameliorate toxicity induced by TP. Deciphering Trp metabolism will facilitate a better understanding of the pathogenesis of diseases and drug responding.

Three novel pterosin dimers form Pteris obtusiloba.

Three novel pterosin dimmers, named as obtupterosin A (1), B (2) and C (3), together with eight known pterosins (4-11) were isolated from Pteris obtusiloba. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectral data, CD, X-ray and literature comparisons. Compounds 1 and 2 were a pair of isomers. Compounds 1 and 3 were the novel type of pterosin dimer. The new compounds (1-3) were assessed for their cytotoxic activities and their α-glucosidase inhibition activity. Compounds 1-3 exhibited cytotoxic activity against HCT-116 cells with IC50 value of 27.5 µM, 30.6 µM and 12.8 µM, respectively. However, all were found to be inactive at 200 µM for α-glucosidase inhibition.

Orthogonal label and label-free dual pretreatment for targeted profiling of neurotransmitters in enteric nervous system.

Neurotransmitter (NT) abnormalities in the enteric nervous system have been reported as crucial roles to regulate the intestinal inflammation and gut immune homeostasis. Capturing quantitative changes at the NT metabolome provides an opportunity to develop an understanding of neuroimmune-mediated inflammation. Given the wide diversity of chemical characterizations in the NTs, only partial coverage of the NT metabolome can be simultaneously quantified in a single-run analysis. Herein, we summarized the distribution of functional groups of compound entries in the NT metabolome. Based on this information, an orthogonal dansyl-labeling and label-free dual pretreatment approach was separately designed to target phenol and amine NTs and tertiary amine and choline NTs. By combining the dansyl-labeled and unlabeled NTs within a single vial, a comprehensive and practical approach was optimized for quantifying high coverage of NT metabolome in a single-run analysis on the reversed-phase C18 column. Method validation indicated good linearity with correlation coefficients (R2) > 0.99, intra- and interday accuracy with relative error < ±20%, and precision with relative standard deviations of ≤15%. With this method, we could simultaneously monitor the alterations of cholines, amines, amino acids, tryptophan and phenylalanine biological pathways in dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis mice. The measured levels of NT metabolome ranged from 0.0007 to 3.540 µg/mg in intestinal contents and 0.013-154.54 µg/mL in serum samples. The NT metabolism was disrupted by colitis, characterized by the changed NT levels in serum and excessive amino acid NTs accumulation in the intestinal contents. We envisage that the orthogonal approach is of great significance for the comprehensive determination of targeted metabolomics. NTs have the potential to be biomarkers for clinical metabolomics.

Effects of the Isomerized Thiophene-Fused Ending Groups on the Performances of Twisted Non-Fullerene Acceptor-Based Polymer Solar Cells.

Recently, benefiting from the merits of small-molecule acceptors (NFAs), polymer solar cells (PSCs) have achieved tremendous advances. From the perspective of the structural characteristics of the π-conjugated acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) type of organic molecules, the backbone's planarity and the terminal groups and their substituents have strong influences on the performances of the constructed NFAs. Through enlarging the dihedral angle of the conjugated main chain of NFAs, a certain degree of enhancement of photovoltaic parameters has been achieved. To further probe the influences of ending groups on the performances of nonplanar NFAs, we synthesized two new NFAs i-cc23 and i-cc34 with isomerized thiophene-fused ending groups and a twisted π-conjugated main chain. Compared to i-cc23 containing the 2-(6-oxo-5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopenta[b]thiophen-4-ylidene)malononitrile ending group, the acceptor i-cc34 containing 2-(6-oxo-5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopenta[c]thiophen-4-ylidene)malononitrile has a relatively higher molar extinction coefficient, bathochromic-shifted absorption spectrum, and deepened energy levels. When mixed with PBDB-T in solar cells, the i-cc23-based device achieved an excellent open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.10 V and a moderate power conversion efficiency of 7.34%. Although the VOC of the i-cc34-related device was decreased to 0.96 V, the short-circuit current density and fill factor were improved, giving rise to an enhanced efficiency of 9.51%. Apart from the distinct photovoltaic performances, the two isomer-based devices exhibit a high radiative efficiency of 8 × 10-4, leading to a very small nonradiative loss of 0.19 V. Our results emphasize the importance of the isomerized thiophene-fused ending groups on the performances of nonplanar NFA-based PSCs.

Effects of Monofluorinated Positions at the End-Capping Groups on the Performances of Twisted Non-Fullerene Acceptor-Based Polymer Solar Cells.

Recently, main-chain twisted small molecules are attractive as electron-acceptors in polymer solar cells (PSCs) for their upshifted molecular energy levels, enhanced extinction coefficients, and better charge extraction properties along with longer carrier lifetimes and lower recombination rates relative to their planar analogues, which are conducive to the power conversion efficiency (PCE) promotion of PSCs. To further probe the "structure-performance" correlation of main-chain twisted acceptors, in particular the monofluorine-substituted sites on the performances of the resultant acceptors, two new main-chain twisted small molecules were synthesized, in which a fluorine atom was introduced at different sites on the end-capping group 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (INCN). Although fine structural modification was adopted, quite different performances were obtained for the two acceptors. Compared to the 3-fluorinated analogue (i-IEICO-F3), a mixture of 4-fluorinated and 5-fluorinated isomers (i-IEICO-2F) exhibited a higher dipole moment, enlarged molar extinction coefficient with a bathochromic-shifted absorption region, suppressed charge recombinations with balanced charge mobilities, and slightly enhanced crystallinity. In combination with a fluorobenzotriazole-based medium-band gap polymer (J52), a high efficiency of 12.86% was resultantly achieved in an i-IEICO-2F-based device, which is superior to the result (7.65%) of the i-IEICO-F3 device, revealing the importance of monofluorinated positions on the performances of main-chain twisted non-fullerene acceptors.