Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of fetal isolated left innominate vein under the aortic arch: A case report.

Abnormalities of the left innominate vein beneath the aortic arch are exceedingly rare. While they may not exhibit overt clinical symptoms, misdiagnosis, or failure to diagnose can significantly complicate and increase the risk associated with cardiac interventional procedures.

Effect of Microwave Pretreatment on the Leaching and Enrichment Effect of Copper in Waste Printed Circuit Boards.

The use of efficient and clean methods for the recycling of waste circuit boards is an ongoing challenge. In this research, the effect of microwave pretreatment on the leaching and enrichment of copper from waste print circuit board (WPCB) was studied. The morphology and chemical structure of WPCB particles before and after microwave pretreatment were analyzed by SEM/EDS and Fourier infrared spectroscopy. Leaching experiments and copper enrichment tests were designed to investigate the effect of different microwave irradiation powers and microwave irradiation times on the copper leaching rate and copper enrichment rate in WPCB. The leaching experiment results showed that microwave pretreatment can effectively improve the leaching rate of WPCB. When the microwave irradiation power was 700 W, the irradiation time was 120 s, and the leaching time was 15 min, the copper leaching rate in WPCB was 57.01%, which was 24.34% higher than that in the untreated condition. The results of copper enrichment experiment show that microwave pretreatment can effectively improve the copper enrichment of WPCB. After microwave pretreatment, copper was effectively enriched in the 4-2 and 2-1 mm particle sizes. When the microwave irradiation time was 120 s, the copper enrichment rates in the 4-2 and 2-1 mm particle sizes were 1.74 and 1.66, which increased by 0.63 and 0.32, respectively, compared to the untreated condition. Microwave pretreatment enables the effective separation of metallic copper from non-metallic components in WPCB, increasing the exposure area of copper and promoting the monomer separation of copper, thus improving the leaching and enrichment of copper.

A novel kind of polysulfone material with excellent biocompatibility modified by the sulfonated hydroxypropyl chitosan.

In order to ameliorate the biocompatibility of polysulfone (PSf), sulfonated hydroxypropyl chitosan (SHPCS) was grafted from PSf membrane material by Schiff-Base reaction. The original and modified membranes were characterized by attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscope (ATR-FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water contact angle (WCA) measurement, tensile strength test and antibacterial test in vitro, and the results indicated that the PSf modified by SHPCS (PSf-SHPCS) was synthesized successfully, the hydrophilicity of PSf-SHPCS membrane was improved to a great extent, all the membranes possessed good stability in physiological condition and the PSf-SHPCS membrane had good antibacterial property. Protein adsorption, platelet adhesion, hemolysis assay, plasma recalcification time, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT) and whole blood clotting time were executed to evaluate the hemocompatibility of membranes decorated by SHPCS, and the results demonstrated that the modified membrane had fine hemocompatibility.

Enhanced biocompatibility and antibacterial property of polyurethane materials modified with citric acid and chitosan.

Citric acid (CA) and chitosan (CS) were covalently immobilized on polyurethane (PU) materials to improve the biocompatibility and antibacterial property. The polyurethane pre-polymer with isocyanate group was synthesized by one pot method, and then grafted with citric acid, followed by blending with polyethersulfone (PES) to prepare the blend membrane by phase-inversion method so that chitosan can be grafted from the membrane via esterification and acylation reactions eventually. The native and modified membranes were characterized by attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, water contact angle measurement, and tensile strength test. Protein adsorption, platelet adhesion, hemolysis assay, activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, thrombin time, and adsorption of Ca(2+) were executed to evaluate the blood compatibility of the membranes decorated by CA and CS. Particularly, the antibacterial activities on the modified membranes were evaluated based on a vitro antibacterial test. It could be concluded that the modified membrane had good anticoagulant property and antibacterial property.