RESUMO
The high mortality rate of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a lethal primary brain tumor, is attributable to postsurgical recurrence. STAT3, an oncogenic protein, is a signal transducer and transcription activator encourages cancer cell migration and proliferation, which results in resistance to therapy. STAT3 inhibition reduces cancer metastasis and improves patient prognosis. Bt354, a small molecule STAT inhibitor, exhibits significant cytotoxic and anti-proliferative activities against certain cancer types. Here, we demonstrated that exposure of GBM cells (U87 MG) to Bt354 had a significant, concentration-dependent growth suppression. Bt354 also induced apoptosis and downregulated the expression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition genes. Therefore, this study suggests the potential of Bt354 for treating GBM owing to its ability to induce cytotoxicity.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos , Apoptose , Glioblastoma , Fator de Transcrição STAT3 , Humanos , Fator de Transcrição STAT3/metabolismo , Fator de Transcrição STAT3/antagonistas & inibidores , Glioblastoma/patologia , Glioblastoma/tratamento farmacológico , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Fosforilação/efeitos dos fármacos , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal/efeitos dos fármacos , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias Encefálicas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologiaRESUMO
This study examines the relationship between E-mini S&P 500 futures' crash risk and Bitcoin futures' returns and volatility using data from 2017 to 2021. While E-mini S&P 500's crash risk doesn't significantly influence Bitcoin returns, it correlates with its volatility, especially during events like the COVID-19 pandemic and U.S. elections. Furthermore, as global and emerging market indices rise, Bitcoin futures volatility decreases, suggesting its role as a hedging tool. These findings are pivotal for investors aiming to construct informed trading strategies, leverage Bitcoin futures as a hedging asset during economic instability, and keep tabs on traditional market indicators like E-mini S&P 500 crash risk for anticipating fluctuations in Bitcoin futures.