[Chemical constituents in different parts of Ixeris sonchifolia based on UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS~n].

The chemical constituents in stem leaf, root, and flower of Ixeris sonchifolia were identified by the ultra performance li-quid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry(UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS~n). The separation was performed on an Acquity UPLC BEH C_(18) column(2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 µm) with a mobile phase of water(containing 0.1% formic acid, A)-acetonitrile(B) with gradient elution. With electrospray ionization source, the data of 70% methanol extract from stem leaf, root and flower of I. sonchifolia were collected by high-resolution full-scan Fourier transform spectroscopy, data dependent acquisition, precursor ion scan, and selected ion monitoring in the negative and positive ion modes. The compounds were identified based on accurate molecular weight, retention time, fragment ions, comparison with reference standard, Clog P and references. A total of 131 compounds were identified from the 70% methanol extract of I. sonchifolia, including nucleosides, flavonoids, organic acids, terpenoids, and phenylpropanoids, and 119, 110, and 126 compounds were identified from the stem leaf, root and flower of I. sonchifolia, respectively. In addition, isorhamnetin, isorhamnetin-7-O-sambubioside and caffeylshikimic acid were discovered from I. sonchifolia for the first time. This study comprehensively analyzed and compared the chemical constituents in different parts of I. sonchifolia, which facilitated the discovery of effective substances and the development and application of medicinal material resources of I. sonchifolia.

[Rapid characterization of constituents absorbed into blood after oral administration of steroidal saponins from Radix Ophiopogonis using UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS coupled with higher energy collision induced dissociation].

The method of UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap mass spectrometry coupled with higher energy collision dissociation (HCD) was established to rapidly analyze the constituents absorbed into blood after oral administration of steroidal saponins from Radix Ophiopogonis. A total of 31 constituents, including 13 furostanol steroidal saponins and 18 spirostanol steroidal saponins, were characterized based on the accurate mass measurements, fragmentation patterns, chromatographic retention times, and diagnostic product ions. Among them, 8 compounds were unambiguously identified by comparison with their corresponding standards. The results provide comprehensive insights and guidance for elucidation of material basis of Radix Ophiopogonis activity.

Effect of thoracic paravertebral block on intraoperative hypotension and postoperative pain in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery under general anesthesia: a retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: To retrospectively compare the effects of general anesthesia (GA) and thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) combined with general anesthesia on the incidence of hypotension and postoperative pain in breast cancer (BC) surgery. METHODS: We retrospectively collected the medical records of patients who underwent BC surgery under general anesthesia from January 2018 to December 2020, and divided them into 2 groups according to the patient's anesthesia management method: GA group (Group G) and TPVB combined with GA group (Group T). During the operation, the use of boosting drugs and ephedrine, amount of fluid infusion, amount of bleeding, and operation time of the 2 participant groups were recorded, as well as the pain score in the resting state. RESULTS: During anesthesia, the bispectral index (BIS) value of Group G was significantly lower than that of Group T, the use of sufentanil and the use rate of ephedrine were significantly higher than that of Group T, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). At the T4 time point, the blood pressure [systolic blood pressure/diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP)] of Group G was higher than that of Group T; at time point T3, the blood pressure (SBP/DBP) of Group G was lower than that of Group T. At the T4 time point, the heart rate of G group was higher than that of Group T, and the heart rate of G group was lower than that of Group T at the time points T2 and T3. The difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant. The change trend of the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores of the 2 participant groups was basically the same when they were resting peacefully, and there were statistical differences in the VAS scores at 1, 2, 4, and 8 h after surgery (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: When TPVB is combined with GA, there is a lower incidence of hypotension, more stable circulatory state, and better postoperative analgesic effect.

Combined spectral estimator for phase velocities of multimode Lamb waves in multilayer plates.

A novel combined spectral estimate (CSE) method for differentiation and estimation the phase velocities of multimode Lamb waves whose wave numbers are much close or overlap one another in multiplayer plates is presented in this paper, which based on auto-regressive (AR) model and 2-D FFT. Simulated signals in brass plate were processed by 2-D FFT and CSE. And experiments are performed by using two conventional angle probes as emitter and receiver on the same surface of three-layered aluminum/xpoxy/aluminum plates, which include symmetrical and unsymmetrical plates. The multimode Lamb waves are excited in these laminates, and the received signal is processed by 2-D FFT and CSE, respectively. The results showed that the phase velocities of multimode signals whose wave numbers are much closed cannot be differentiated by 2-D FFT, but CSE has strong spatial resolution. Compared the measured phase velocities with the theoretical values, the error is smaller than 2% on the whole. It promises to be a useful method in experimental signals processing of multimode Lamb waves.