Phase 3, multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled study evaluating the efficacy and safety of ustekinumab in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the efficacy and safety of ustekinumab, an anti-interleukin-12/23 p40 antibody, in a phase 3, randomised, placebo-controlled study of patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) despite receiving standard-of-care. METHODS: Active SLE patients (SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) ≥6 during screening and SLEDAI-2K ≥4 for clinical features at week 0) despite receiving oral glucocorticoids, antimalarials, or immunomodulatory drugs were randomised (3:2) to receive ustekinumab (intravenous infusion ~6 mg/kg at week 0, followed by subcutaneous injections of ustekinumab 90 mg at week 8 and every 8 weeks) or placebo through week 48. The primary endpoint was SLE Responder Index (SRI)-4 at week 52, and major secondary endpoints included time to flare through week 52 and SRI-4 at week 24. RESULTS: At baseline, 516 patients were randomised to placebo (n=208) or ustekinumab (n=308). Following the planned interim analysis, the sponsor discontinued the study due to lack of efficacy but no safety concerns. Efficacy analyses included 289 patients (placebo, n=116; ustekinumab, n=173) who completed or would have had a week 52 visit at study discontinuation. At week 52, 44% of ustekinumab patients and 56% of placebo patients had an SRI-4 response; there were no appreciable differences between the treatment groups in the major secondary endpoints. Through week 52, 28% of ustekinumab patients and 32% of placebo patients had a British Isles Lupus Assessment Group flare, with a mean time to first flare of 204.7 and 200.4 days, respectively. Through week 52, 70% of ustekinumab patients and 74% of placebo patients had ≥1 adverse event. CONCLUSIONS: Ustekinumab did not demonstrate superiority over placebo in this population of adults with active SLE; adverse events were consistent with the known safety profile of ustekinumab. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03517722.

Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Golimumab in Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients With Early and Late Disease Through One Year of the GO-ALIVE Study.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: This post hoc analysis assessed efficacy and safety of intravenous (IV) golimumab in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients with early disease (ED) versus late disease (LD). METHODS: The phase 3, double-blind, GO-ALIVE study randomized patients to IV golimumab 2 mg/kg at weeks 0 and 4 and then every 8 weeks through week 52, or placebo at weeks 0, 4, and 12 with crossover to IV golimumab at week 16. Clinical efficacy was assessed by ≥20% improvement in Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society response criteria (ASAS20), ≥50% improvement in Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI 50), and Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) <1.3 (inactive disease). Using self-reported duration of inflammatory back pain (IBP), patients were grouped into quartiles: first = ED and fourth = LD. Descriptive statistics summarized efficacy and safety findings through 1 year. RESULTS: Early disease patients (n = 60) were ~10 years younger and had shorter median AS (IBP) symptom duration (2-3 years) versus LD patients (n = 52; 21-24 years). At week 16, numerically higher proportions of golimumab- than placebo-treated patients achieved ASAS20 (ED: 71% vs. 32%; LD: 67% vs. 21%), BASDAI 50 (ED: 40% vs. 12%; LD: 33% vs. 7%), and ASDAS <1.3 (ED: 17% vs. 4%; LD 8% vs. 0%) regardless of IBP duration. Efficacy was durable through 1 year of treatment; however, response rates were numerically higher in patients with ED versus LD. Through week 60, adverse events and serious adverse events, respectively, were reported by 46% and 3% of ED patients and 61% and 2% of LD patients. CONCLUSION: Prompt diagnosis of AS and early treatment with IV golimumab may yield more robust improvements in disease activity.

Open-label phase 3 study of intravenous golimumab in patients with polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

OBJECTIVES: To assess efficacy, pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety of intravenous (i.v.) golimumab in patients with polyarticular-course JIA (pc-JIA). METHODS: Children aged 2 to <18 years with active pc-JIA despite MTX therapy for ≥2 months received 80 mg/m2 golimumab at weeks 0, 4, then every 8 weeks through week 52 plus MTX weekly through week 28. The primary and major secondary endpoints were PK exposure and model-predicted steady-state area under the curve (AUCss) over an 8-week dosing interval at weeks 28 and 52, respectively. JIA ACR response and safety were also assessed. RESULTS: In total, 127 children were treated with i.v. golimumab. JIA ACR 30, 50, 70, and 90 response rates were 84%, 80%, 70% and 47%, respectively, at week 28 and were maintained through week 52. Golimumab serum concentrations and AUCss were 0.40 µg/ml and 399 µg ⋅ day/ml at week 28. PK exposure was maintained at week 52. Steady-state trough golimumab concentrations and AUCss were consistent across age categories and comparable to i.v. golimumab dosed 2 mg/kg in adults with rheumatoid arthritis. Golimumab antibodies and neutralizing antibodies were detected via a highly sensitive drug-tolerant assay in 31% (39/125) and 19% (24/125) of patients, respectively. Median trough golimumab concentration was lower in antibody-positive vs antibody-negative patients. Serious infections were reported in 6% of patients, including one death due to septic shock. CONCLUSION: Body surface area-based dosing of i.v. golimumab was well tolerated and provided adequate PK exposure for clinical efficacy in paediatric patients with active pc-JIA.ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT02277444.

Effects of Intravenous Golimumab on Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis: 28-Week Results of the GO-ALIVE Trial.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the effect of intravenous golimumab on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) through week 28 of the phase III, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled GO-ALIVE study. METHODS: Adult patients (n = 208) were randomized to IV golimumab 2 mg/kg (n = 105) at weeks 0, 4, and 12 and every 8 weeks or placebo (n = 103) at weeks 0, 4, and 12, with crossover to golimumab 2mg/kg at weeks 16, 20, and every 8 weeks. General HRQoL was evaluated using the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) Physical Component Summary/Mental Component Summary (PCS/MCS), and the EQ VAS, and AS disease-specific HRQoL was assessed using the Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (ASQoL) instrument. RESULTS: Mean improvements from baseline in SF-36 PCS were greater in the golimumab group versus the placebo group at weeks 8 and 16 (6.8 vs 2.1 and 8.5 vs 2.9, respectively; P < .001); similar results were observed for SF-36 MCS (5.6 vs 1.7 and 6.5 vs 0.8, respectively; P < .001). Mean improvement in each of 8 subscale scores of the SF-36 were also greater for golimumab-treated patients versus placebo at weeks 8 and 16. Mean improvements in EQ VAS and ASQoL were greater in the golimumab group versus placebo at week 8 and week 16. Greater proportions of golimumab-treated patients had clinically meaningful improvement in SF-36 PCS, SF-36 MCS, EQ VAS, and ASQoL at weeks 8 and 16; improvements in SF-36 PCS/MCS, EQ VAS, and ASQoL were maintained through week 28. CONCLUSIONS: Golimumab-treated patients had greater mean improvements in HRQoL measures compared with placebo through week 16. Clinically meaningful improvements were observed as early as week 8 and continued through week 28.

Effects of Intravenous Golimumab on Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis: 24-Week Results of the GO-VIBRANT Trial.

OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the effects of intravenous golimumab 2 mg/kg on multiple domains of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adult patients with active psoriatic arthritis (PsA). METHODS: In this phase III, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study, adults with active PsA were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive intravenous (IV) infusions of placebo (n = 239) or golimumab 2 mg/kg (n = 241) at weeks 0, 4, 12, and 20. Physical function was assessed using the Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI). HRQoL was assessed using the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey Physical and Mental Component Summary (SF-36 PCS/MCS) scores, the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT)-Fatigue, EQ VAS, and the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). RESULTS: Patients in the golimumab group had greater mean changes from baseline in HAQ-DI compared with placebo at weeks 8 (-0.52 vs -0.10), 14 (-0.60 vs -0.12), and 24 (-0.63 vs -0.14). Mean improvements from baseline in SF-36 PCS (8.0 vs 1.7), SF-36 MCS (5.0 vs 1.2), EQ VAS (17.2 vs 3.7), FACIT-Fatigue (7.9 vs 2.0), and DLQI (-7.2 vs -1.7) were also greater in the golimumab group versus placebo at week 8 and were maintained or increased through week 24. Greater proportions of golimumab-treated patients had improvements greater than or equal to the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for HAQ-DI, SF-36 PCS/MCS, EQ VAS, FACIT-Fatigue, and DLQI scores at weeks 14 and 24. CONCLUSION: Improvements in HRQoL were greater in the IV golimumab group compared with placebo and were evident at week 8 and sustained through week 24.

Radiographic benefit and maintenance of clinical benefit with intravenous golimumab therapy in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis despite methotrexate therapy: results up to 1 year of the phase 3, randomised, multicentre, double blind, placebo controlled GO-FURTHER trial.

OBJECTIVE: Report on radiographic effects and maintenance of clinical benefit with intravenous golimumab 2 mg/kg+methotrexate (MTX) for up to week (wk) 52 in active rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: Patients (n=592) with active RA (≥6/66 swollen, ≥6/68 tender joints, C reactive protein (CRP) ≥1.0 mg/dL and positive for rheumatoid factor and/or anticyclic citrullinated protein antibody at screening) despite MTX ≥3 months (stable dose of 15-25 mg/week for ≥4 weeks) participated in this multicentre, international, randomised, double blind, placebo controlled, phase 3 study. Patients were randomised (2:1) to receive intravenous golimumab 2 mg/kg or placebo infusions at weeks 0 and 4 and then every 8 weeks; patients continued their stable MTX regimen. Placebo patients started golimumab 2 mg/kg at wk16 (early escape; <10% improvement in tender and swollen joints) or wk24 (crossover by design). Week 24 and wk52 radiographic (van der Heijde-Sharp (vdH-S) scores), clinical efficacy and safety data up to 1 year are reported here. RESULTS: Significant and rapid clinical improvement was observed up to wk24 of intravenous golimumab therapy. Golimumab+MTX treated patients demonstrated less radiographic progression than placebo treated patients at wk24 (vdH-S score mean change 0.03 vs 1.09; p<0.001) and wk52 (0.13 vs 1.22; p=0.001). Among patients with ≥20% improvement in the American College of Rheumatology response criteria or who achieved a 'good' or 'moderate' response according to the 28 joint Disease Activity Score employing CRP at wk24, approximately 80% maintained this response up until wk52. Through an average of 43.5 weeks of follow-up, 64.6% of patients receiving golimumab+MTX reported adverse events, most commonly non-serious infections. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with active RA despite MTX, intravenous golimumab+MTX yielded significant inhibition of structural damage at wk24 and wk52, and sustained clinical improvement in signs and symptoms with no new safety signals up to 1 year. CLINICALTRIALSGOV: NCT00973479, EudraCT 2008-006 064-11.

Outcomes in Adult Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinical Trials: Assessment of Similarity Among Participants with Adolescent-Onset and Adult-Onset Disease.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Most pediatric IBD studies are performed after medications are approved in adults and the majority of participants in these studies are adolescents. We hypothesized that adolescent-onset IBD is not fundamentally different than adult-onset IBD. If this is correct, the value of delaying access to novel drugs in adolescents becomes questioned. METHODS: Data from 11 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled adult phase 2 and 3 trials of 4 biologics were analyzed. Participants were categorized as having adolescent- or adult-onset disease (diagnosed 12 to <18, or ≥18 years). Multivariable modelling explored the association between age at diagnosis and response to treatment after adjustment for disease duration, extent, and severity at baseline. Data from dose arms were pooled to evaluate similarity of therapeutic response between adolescent- and adult-onset IBD within the same trial (not between doses or across trials). Ratios of odds ratios between the two groups were evaluated. RESULTS: Data from 6,283 study participants (2,575 with Crohn's disease [CD], 3,708 with ulcerative colitis [UC]) were evaluated. Of 2,575 study participants with CD, 325 were 12-<18 years old at diagnosis; 836 participants (32.4%) received placebo. Of 3,708 participants with UC, 221 were 12-<18 years old at diagnosis; 1,212 (33%) were receiving placebo. The majority of the ratios of ORs were within two-fold, suggesting that responses in adolescent and adult-onset participants are generally similar. CONCLUSION: Data presented lend support for extrapolating efficacy of biologics from adults to adolescents with IBD, which would facilitate earlier labeling and patient access.

Using multiple imputation of real-world data to estimate clinical remission in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease.

Aim: To evaluate the performance of the multiple imputation (MI) method for estimating clinical effectiveness in pediatric Crohn's disease in the ImproveCareNow registry; to address the analytical challenge of missing data. Materials & methods: Simulation studies were performed by creating missing datasets based on fully observed data from patients with moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease treated with non-ustekinumab biologics. MI was used to impute sPCDAI remission statuses in each simulated dataset. Results: The true remission rate (75.1% [95% CI: 72.6%, 77.5%]) was underestimated without imputation (72.6% [71.8%, 73.3%]). With MI, the estimate was 74.8% (74.4%, 75.2%). Conclusion: MI reduced nonresponse bias and improved the validity, reliability, and efficiency of real-world registry data to estimate remission rate in pediatric patients with Crohn's disease.

Effect of Intravenous Golimumab on Fatigue and the Relationship with Clinical Response in Adults with Active Ankylosing Spondylitis in the Phase 3 GO-ALIVE Study.

INTRODUCTION: We studied the effect of intravenous (IV)-golimumab on fatigue and the association of fatigue improvement with clinical response post hoc in adults with active ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in the GO-ALIVE trial. METHODS: Patients were randomized to IV-golimumab 2 mg/kg (N = 105) at week (W) 0, W4, then every 8 W (Q8W) or placebo (N = 103) at W0, W4, W12, crossover to IV-golimumab 2 mg/kg at W16, W20, then Q8W through W52. Fatigue measures included Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) Question #1 (fatigue; 0 [none], 10 [worst]; decrease indicates improvement) and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) vitality subscale (0 [worst], 100 [best]; increase indicates improvement). Minimum clinically important difference is ≥ 1 for BASDAI-fatigue and ≥ 5 for SF-36 vitality. GO-ALIVE primary endpoint was Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society ≥ 20% improvement criteria (ASAS20). Other clinical outcomes assessed included other ASAS responses, Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score, and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index score. The distribution-based minimally important differences (MIDs) were determined for BASDAI-fatigue and SF-36 vitality. The relationship between improvement in fatigue and clinical outcomes was assessed via multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: Mean changes in BASDAI-fatigue/SF-36 vitality scores were greater with IV-golimumab versus placebo at W16 (- 2.74/8.46 versus - 0.73/2.08, both nominal p ≤ 0.003); by W52 (after crossover), differences between groups narrowed (- 3.18/9.39 versus - 3.07/9.17). BASDAI-fatigue/SF-36 vitality MIDs were achieved by greater proportions of IV-golimumab-treated versus placebo-treated patients at W16 (75.2%/71.4% versus 42.7%/35.0%). A one-point/five-point improvement in BASDAI-fatigue/SF-36 vitality scores at W16 increased likelihood of achieving ASAS20 (odds ratios [95% confidence intervals]: 3.15 [2.21, 4.50] and 2.10 [1.62, 2.71], respectively) and ASAS40 (3.04 [2.15, 4.28] and 2.24 [1.68, 3.00], respectively) responses at W16; concurrent improvements and clinical response at W52 were consistent. A one-point/five-point improvement in BASDAI-fatigue/SF-36 vitality scores at W16 predicted increased likelihood of achieving ASAS20 (1.62 [1.35, 1.95] and 1.52 [1.25, 1.86], respectively) and ASAS40 (1.62 [1.37, 1.92] and 1.44 [1.20, 1.73], respectively) responses at W52. CONCLUSIONS: IV-golimumab provided important and sustained fatigue improvement in patients with AS that positively associated with achieving clinical response. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT02186873.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of arthritis that mostly affects the spine. Patients with AS also often have severe fatigue. Intravenous (IV)-golimumab, which blocks the inflammatory action of tumor necrosis factor, is approved to treat AS. We used information from a clinical trial (GO-ALIVE) to determine whether IV-golimumab reduced fatigue in patients with AS, and if fatigue improvement was associated with improvement in other AS symptoms, including spinal pain, ability to function, and inflammation. In the 1-year GO-ALIVE study, patients were assigned to receive either IV-golimumab or placebo. Patients assigned to placebo were switched to IV-golimumab starting at week 16. The Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) fatigue question and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) vitality subscale were used to assess fatigue. Improvement in AS symptoms was measured using the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society ≥ 20% and ≥ 40%  improvement criteria (ASAS20 and ASAS40). After 16 weeks of treatment, patients treated with IV-golimumab, on average, had statistically significantly greater improvement in both measures of fatigue than patients treated with placebo. At 1 year, after the placebo group had received IV-golimumab starting at week 16, improvement in fatigue was similar between groups. Improvement in fatigue at week 16 increased the likelihood that ASAS20 and ASAS40 would be achieved at week 16. Similar results were observed at 1 year. Additionally, improvement in fatigue at week 16 predicted the likelihood of achieving ASAS20 and ASAS40 at 1 year. Together, these results demonstrate that IV-golimumab provided important, long-term improvement in fatigue in patients with AS that was positively associated with improvement in AS symptoms.

Efficacy and Safety of Ustekinumab in Patients With Active Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Results of a Phase II Open-label Extension Study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of ustekinumab through 2 years in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: This was a placebo-controlled (week 24), phase II study in 102 patients with seropositive active SLE. Patients were randomized to ustekinumab (approximately 6 mg/kg single intravenous infusion, then subcutaneous [SC] injections of 90 mg every 8 weeks) or placebo, added to background therapy. Placebo patients initiated ustekinumab (90 mg SC every 8 weeks) at week 24. Patients could enter an optional open-label study extension after week 40 (final ustekinumab administration at week 104). Efficacy assessments included Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K), SLEDAI-2K Responder Index-4 (SRI-4), physician global assessment (PGA), and Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index (CLASI). Observed data are reported for the extension period. The final efficacy assessment was at week 112; safety was monitored through week 120. RESULTS: In this subset of patients who entered the study extension, 24 in the ustekinumab group and 14 in the placebo crossover group completed study treatment. At week 112, 79% and 92%, respectively, had an SRI-4 response; 92% in both groups had ≥ 4-point improvement from baseline in SLEDAI-2K score; 79% and 93%, respectively, had ≥ 30% improvement from baseline in PGA; 86% and 91%, respectively, had ≥ 50% improvement in active joint (pain and inflammation) count; and 79% and 100%, respectively, had ≥ 50% improvement in CLASI Activity Score. No deaths, malignancies, opportunistic infections, or tuberculosis cases occurred. Safety events were consistent with the known ustekinumab safety profile. CONCLUSION: Of the 46 patients who entered the voluntary extension of this phase II study, clinical benefit in global and organ-specific SLE activity measures was observed with ustekinumab through 2 years with no new or unexpected safety findings. [ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02349061].

The effect of intravenous golimumab on health-related quality of life and work productivity in adult patients with active ankylosing spondylitis: results of the phase 3 GO-ALIVE trial.

INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVES: The effect of intravenous (IV) golimumab on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and productivity in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) was evaluated. METHOD: Patients were randomized to IV golimumab 2 mg/kg (n = 105) at weeks 0, 4, then every 8 weeks (q8w) through week 52 or placebo (n = 103) at weeks 0, 4, 12, with crossover to golimumab 2 mg/kg at weeks 16, 20, then q8w through week 52. Changes from baseline in EuroQol-5 dimension-5 level (EQ-5D-5L) index and visual analog scale (EQ-VAS), daily productivity VAS, Work Limitations Questionnaire (WLQ), and Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (ASQoL) were assessed. Correlations between these outcomes and disease activity and patient functioning outcomes were evaluated post hoc. RESULTS: At week 16, changes from baseline (mean ± standard deviation) in EQ-5D-5L index (0.17 ± 0.16 vs 0.05 ± 0.14), EQ-VAS (20.3 ± 24.6 vs 4.8 ± 23.5), daily productivity VAS (- 2.9 ± - 2.9 vs - 1.1 ± - 2.5), WLQ productivity loss score (- 3.5 ± - 5.3 vs - 1.9 ± - 4.0), and ASQoL (- 5.4 ± - 5.0 vs - 1.8 ± - 4.5) were greater in the IV golimumab versus placebo group, respectively. At week 28, changes from baseline were similar between the IV golimumab and placebo-crossover groups (EQ-5D-5L index: 0.18 ± 0.17 and 0.16 ± 0.16, EQ-VAS: 20.5 ± 27.9 and 22.5 ± 23.1, daily productivity VAS: - 3.1 ± - 3.0 and - 3.1 ± - 2.8, WLQ productivity loss: - 3.9 ± - 5.5 and - 4.5 ± - 4.5, and ASQoL: - 5.3 ± - 5.2 and - 5.3 ± - 4.8, respectively); improvements were maintained through week 52. HRQoL and productivity outcomes were generally moderately correlated with disease activity and functioning outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with AS, IV golimumab produced sustained improvements in HRQoL and productivity through 1 year, which correlated with improvements in disease activity and functioning. ClinicalTrials.gov registry number is NCT02186873. Key Points • Intravenous (IV) golimumab resulted in clinically important improvement in general and ankylosing spondylitis-specific health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and productivity outcomes in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) as early as week 8 and maintained improvement through 1 year • Improvements in HRQoL and productivity outcomes in these patients with AS were correlated with improvements in measures of disease activity and patient functional capability • IV golimumab is an effective treatment option for AS that can help mitigate the negative effects of the disease on HRQoL and productivity.

The effect of intravenous golimumab on health-related quality of life and work productivity in patients with active psoriatic arthritis: results of the Phase 3 GO-VIBRANT trial.

INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVES: To evaluate changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and productivity following treatment with intravenous (IV) golimumab in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). METHODS: Patients were randomized to IV golimumab 2 mg/kg (n=241) at Weeks 0, 4, then every 8 weeks (q8w) through Week 52 or placebo (n=239) at Weeks 0, 4, then q8w, with crossover to IV golimumab 2 mg/kg at Weeks 24, 28, then q8w through Week 52. Change from baseline in EuroQol-5 dimension-5 level (EQ-5D-5L) index and visual analog scale (EQ-VAS), daily productivity VAS, and the Work Limitations Questionnaire (WLQ) was assessed. Relationships between these outcomes and disease activity and patient functional capability were evaluated post hoc. RESULTS: At Week 8, change from baseline in EQ-5D-5L index (0.14 vs 0.04), EQ-VAS (17.16 vs 3.69), daily productivity VAS (-2.91 vs -0.71), and WLQ productivity loss score (-2.92 vs -0.78) was greater in the golimumab group versus the placebo group, respectively. At Week 52, change from baseline was similar in the golimumab and placebo-crossover groups (EQ-5D-5L index: 0.17 and 0.15; EQ-VAS: 21.61 and 20.84; daily productivity VAS: -2.89 and -3.31; WLQ productivity loss: -4.49 and -3.28, respectively). HRQoL and productivity were generally associated with disease activity and functional capability, with continued association from Week 8 through Week 52. CONCLUSION: IV golimumab resulted in early and sustained improvements in HRQoL and productivity from Week 8 through 1 year in patients with PsA. HRQoL and productivity improvements were associated with improvements in disease activity and patient functional capability. Key Points • In patients with active psoriatic arthritis (PsA), intravenous (IV) golimumab improved health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and productivity as early as 8 weeks and maintained improvement through 1 year • Improvements in HRQoL and productivity outcomes in patients with PsA treated with IV golimumab were associated with improvements in disease activity and patient functional capability outcomes • IV golimumab is an effective treatment option for PsA that can mitigate the negative effects of the disease on HRQoL and productivity.

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of tumor necrosis factor-alpha blockade in severe persistent asthma.

RATIONALE: The treatment effect of golimumab, a human monoclonal antibody against tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, in severe persistent asthma is unknown. OBJECTIVES: To assess the safety and efficacy of golimumab in a large population of patients with uncontrolled, severe persistent asthma. METHODS: From 2004 to 2006, 309 patients with severe and uncontrolled asthma, despite high-dose inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting beta(2) agonists, were randomized 1:1:1:1 to monthly subcutaneous injections of placebo or golimumab (50, 100, or 200 mg) through Week 52. Coprimary endpoints were the change from baseline through Week 24 in prebronchodilator percent-predicted FEV(1) and the number of severe asthma exacerbations through Week 24. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: No significant differences were observed for the change in percent-predicted FEV1 (least squares mean: placebo, 2.44 [95% confidence interval (CI) -0.574 to 5.461]; combined 100-mg and 200-mg, 2.91 [0.696-5.116]) or severe exacerbations (mean +/- SD: placebo, 0.5 +/- 1.07 vs. combined 100-mg and 200-mg 0.5 +/- 0.97) through week 24. Through Week 24, 2.6% of patients treated with placebo vs. 19.5% of those treated with golimumab discontinued the study agent, and 1.3% and 7.8% discontinued study participation, respectively. An unfavorable risk-benefit profile led to early discontinuation of study-agent administration after the Week-24 database lock. Through Week 76, 20.5% of patients treated with placebo and 30.3% of patients treated with golimumab experienced serious adverse events, with serious infections occurring more frequently in golimumab-treated patients. One death and all eight malignancies occurred in the active groups. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, treatment with golimumab did not demonstrate a favorable risk-benefit profile in this study population of patients with severe persistent asthma. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00207740).

Inhibition of radiographic progression across levels of composite index-defined disease activity in patients with active psoriatic arthritis treated with intravenous golimumab: results from a phase-3, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: In the GO-VIBRANT trial of intravenous golimumab in psoriatic arthritis (PsA), golimumab significantly inhibited radiographic progression. In post hoc analyses, we evaluated changes in total PsA-modified Sharp/van der Heijde scores (SHS) across levels of composite index-defined disease activity following treatment. METHODS: In this phase-3, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 480 bio-naïve patients with active PsA randomly received intravenous golimumab 2 mg/kg (N = 241; week 0, week 4, every 8 weeks [q8w]) or placebo (N = 239; week 0, week 4, week 12, week 20) followed by golimumab (week 24, week 28, q8w) through week 52. Week 24 and week 52 SHS changes in patient subgroups, defined by levels of disease activity as assessed by several composite measures (minimal disease activity [MDA], very low disease activity [VLDA], Psoriatic ArthritiS Disease Activity Score [PASDAS], Disease Activity in Psoriatic Arthritis [DAPsA], Clinical Disease Activity Index [CDAI]), were evaluated post hoc in 474 patients with evaluable radiographic data. Partially (last-observation-carried-forward methodology) and completely (nonresponder methodology) missing data were imputed. RESULTS: Across indices, golimumab-treated patients demonstrated less radiographic progression than placebo-treated patients, regardless of disease activity state achieved via golimumab, from week 0 to 24 (e.g., mean changes in PsA-modified SHS were - 0.83 vs. 0.91, respectively, in patients achieving MDA and - 0.05 vs. 1.49, respectively, in those not achieving MDA). Treatment differences observed at week 24 persisted through week 52, despite placebo-randomized patients crossing over to golimumab at week 24 (e.g., mean changes in PsA-modified SHS from week 0 to 52 for golimumab- vs. placebo→golimumab-treated patients achieving MDA were - 1.16 vs. 1.19, respectively) and regardless of whether low disease activity was achieved (0.03 vs. 1.50, respectively, in those not achieving MDA). Consistent patterns were observed for disease activity assessed using VLDA, PASDAS, DAPsA, and CDAI composite endpoints. CONCLUSIONS: The extent of structural damage inhibition afforded by up to 1 year of intravenous golimumab treatment paralleled levels of PsA activity, with greater progression of structural damage observed in patients with sustained higher disease activity. Among patients not achieving low levels of disease activity across several composite indices, golimumab-randomized patients appeared to exhibit far less progression of structural damage than placebo-randomized PsA patients, illustrating a potential disconnect between responses, wherein golimumab can inhibit structural damage independent of clinical effect. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov. NCT02181673. Registered 04 July 2014.

Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Golimumab Through One Year in Patients With Active Psoriatic Arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravenous (IV) golimumab in patients with active psoriatic arthritis (PsA) through 1 year. METHODS: GO-VIBRANT was a phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of 480 adults with active PsA. Patients were randomized to receive IV placebo (n = 239) or golimumab 2 mg/kg (n = 241) at weeks 0, 4, and every 8 weeks, with placebo crossover to golimumab at weeks 24, 28, and every 8 weeks thereafter. Efficacy through week 52 was assessed using the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) ≥20%, 50%, or 70% improvement criteria (ACR20/50/70), and the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index ≥75% improvement criteria (PASI75). Radiographic progression was measured using the PsA-modified Sharp/van der Heijde score (SHS). Adverse events (AEs) were monitored through week 60. RESULTS: The primary and major secondary end points through week 24 were achieved. At week 52, 76.8% of patients in the golimumab group and 77.0% in the placebo-crossover group achieved an ACR20 response, 58.1% and 53.6%, respectively, achieved an ACR50 response, and 38.6% and 33.9%, respectively, achieved an ACR70 response. Among patients with ≥3% body surface area affected, 71.9% in the golimumab group and 60.6% in the placebo-crossover group achieved a PASI75 response at week 52. Mean change from baseline in total SHS at week 52 was -0.5 in the golimumab group and 0.8 in the placebo-crossover group. Through week 60, 50.9% of all golimumab-treated patients had ≥1 AE, and 5.2% had ≥1 serious AE. There were no opportunistic infections, 2 malignancies, and 1 death in patients treated with golimumab. CONCLUSION: Sustained improvements in joint and skin disease in patients with PsA were maintained through 1 year in the GO-VIBRANT study. No new safety signals for IV golimumab were identified.

Maintenance of Efficacy and Safety of Ustekinumab Through One Year in a Phase II Multicenter, Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial of Patients With Active Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ustekinumab through 1 year in a phase II trial in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: Eligible patients were diagnosed as having clinically active SLE (based on Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics criteria), despite standard background therapy. Active disease was defined by an SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) score of ≥6 as well as having ≥1 British Isles Lupus Assessment Group (BILAG) A organ domain score and/or ≥2 BILAG B organ domain scores present at screening. Patients (n = 102) were randomized (3:2) to receive either ustekinumab (~6 mg/kg of single intravenous infusion at week 0, then 90-mg subcutaneous injections every 8 weeks beginning at week 8) or a matching placebo added to standard therapy. At week 24, the placebo group crossed over to receive a subcutaneous 90-mg dose of ustekinumab every 8 weeks, and the original ustekinumab group continued to receive therapy through week 40. Maintenance of efficacy was assessed using the SLEDAI-2K, the SLE Responder Index 4 (SRI-4), physician global assessment, and mucocutaneous and joint disease measures in a modified intent-to-treat population. RESULTS: SRI-4 response rates were significantly greater in the ustekinumab group (62%) versus the placebo group (33%) in the week 24 primary end point analysis (P = 0.006) and were maintained at week 48 (63.3%) in the ustekinumab group. In the ustekinumab group, response rates across other disease measures were also maintained through week 48. Among patients in the placebo group who crossed over to ustekinumab treatment (n = 33), increased response rates across efficacy measures were noted. Among all ustekinumab-treated patients, 81.7% had ≥1 adverse event (AE), and 15.1% had ≥1 serious AE through week 56. No deaths, malignancies, opportunistic infections, or tuberculosis cases were observed. CONCLUSION: Ustekinumab provided sustained clinical benefit in patients with SLE through 1 year, with a safety profile consistent with other indications.

Radiographic Progression Inhibition with Intravenous Golimumab in Psoriatic Arthritis: Week 24 Results of a Phase III, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate effects of intravenous (IV) golimumab (GOL) on radiographic progression in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). METHODS: This phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (GO-VIBRANT) randomized patients with active PsA to receive IV placebo (n = 239) or IV GOL 2 mg/kg (n = 241) at weeks 0, 4, 12, and 20. Radiographic progression (controlled secondary endpoint) was evaluated as change from baseline at Week 24 in PsA-modified total Sharp/van der Heijde scores (SvdH). The proportions of patients with a change from baseline at Week 24 in the total PsA-modified SvdH exceeding the smallest detectable change (SDC) or > 0 or 0.5 also were determined. RESULTS: Overall, 474 patients (237/arm) contributed radiographic data. Results obtained from the 2 blinded, independent radiographic readers demonstrated good agreement (total score intraclass correlation coefficients: baseline = 0.93, Week 24 = 0.92, Week 24 change score = 0.73). GOL demonstrated significant inhibition of radiographic progression relative to placebo from baseline to Week 24 (mean changes in PsA-modified total SvdH: -0.36 vs 1.95; treatment difference: -2.32; p < 0.001). At Week 24, smaller proportions of GOL- versus placebo-treated patients demonstrated an increase in the total PsA-modified SvdH score exceeding the SDC (8.0% vs 27.0%, respectively; difference: -19.0%; p < 0.001), > 0 (28.3% vs 57.0%, respectively; difference: -28.7%; p < 0.001), or > 0.5 (18.6% vs 41.8%, respectively; difference: -23.2%; p < 0.001). Results were consistent for erosion and joint space narrowing scores, in hands and feet, and in patients with/without baseline concomitant methotrexate use. Prevention of radiographic progression by GOL was independent of clinical response. CONCLUSION: IV GOL is significantly better than placebo in inhibiting radiographic progression of structural damage in active PsA. [Clinical trial registration number (www.ClinicalTrials.gov): NCT02181673].

Safety and Efficacy of Intravenous Golimumab in Adults with Ankylosing Spondylitis: Results through 1 Year of the GO-ALIVE Study.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate safety and efficacy of intravenous (IV) golimumab (GOL) in patients with active ankylosing spondylitis (AS) through 1 year. METHODS: A total of 208 patients were randomized to IV infusions of GOL 2 mg/kg (n = 105) at weeks 0, 4, and every 8 weeks thereafter or placebo (n = 103) at weeks 0, 4, and 12, then crossover to GOL at weeks 16, 20, and every 8 weeks thereafter through Week 52. Efficacy was assessed using the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis international Society (ASAS) criteria, the Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS), the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), and the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI). Health-related quality of life was assessed using the AS Quality of Life (ASQoL) index. Efficacy and safety were monitored through Week 52 and Week 60, respectively. RESULTS: The primary endpoint (ASAS20) and all controlled endpoints at Week 16 were achieved. At Week 52, 69.5% and 65.0% of patients in the GOL group and placebo crossover group, respectively, achieved an ASAS20; 56.2% and 51.5% achieved an ASAS40; 56.2% and 55.3% achieved a BASDAI50; 24.8% and 24.3% achieved ASAS partial remission; and 25.7% and 26.2% met ASDAS inactive disease criteria (all last observation carried forward). Mean changes from baseline to Week 52 in BASFI and ASQoL scores were similar between the GOL group and the placebo crossover group (BASFI: -2.7 and -2.6; ASQoL: -5.5 and -5.4). Through Week 60, 55.4% of all GOL-treated patients had ≥ 1 adverse events (AE); 3.4% had ≥ 1 serious AE. CONCLUSION: Efficacy was maintained through 1 year with IV GOL 2 mg/kg among patients with active AS. AE were consistent with the known safety profile of GOL.

Safety and Efficacy of Golimumab Administered Intravenously in Adults with Ankylosing Spondylitis: Results through Week 28 of the GO-ALIVE Study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravenous golimumab (GOL) in patients with active ankylosing spondylitis (AS). METHODS: In a phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo (PBO)-controlled trial, 208 patients were randomized (1:1) to intravenous (IV) infusions of GOL 2 mg/kg (n = 105) at weeks 0, 4, 12, and every 8 weeks, or PBO (n = 103) at weeks 0, 4, and 12, with crossover to GOL at Week 16. The primary endpoint was ≥ 20% improvement from baseline in the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society Criteria (ASAS20) at Week 16. Secondary endpoints included ASAS40, ≥ 50% improvement in the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI50), and change in the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) at Week 16. Safety was monitored through Week 28. RESULTS: Significantly greater proportions of GOL-treated patients had ASAS20 response at Week 2 (37.1% vs 19.4%; p = 0.005) and at Week 16 (73.3% vs 26.2%; p < 0.001). At Week 16, 41.0% of those receiving GOL achieved BASDAI50 compared with 14.6% of those taking PBO (p < 0.001), and the GOL group had greater mean improvement in BASFI (-2.4 vs -0.5; p < 0.001). Through Week 16, 23.3% of patients in the PBO group and 32.4% of patients in the GOL group had ≥ 1 adverse event (AE); infections being the commonest type of AE. Through Week 28, two GOL-treated patients had a serious AE. CONCLUSION: GOL 2 mg/kg administered IV at weeks 0, 4, and every 8 weeks significantly reduced the signs and symptoms of AS in adults. AE were consistent with other antitumor necrosis factor therapies, with no new safety signals (Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02186873).