RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Metallothioneins (MTs) gene polymorphisms have been associated with the ability of free radical scavenging and detoxification of heavy metals leading to cancer development. Our aim was to revisit, in a Brazilian population, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the MT gene family previously associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A case-control investigation with 28 OSCC patients and 45 controls was conducted, using conventional risk factors (tobacco use and alcohol consumption) as covariates. SNPs genotyping for rs8052334 (MT1B), rs964372 (MT1B), and rs1610216 (MT2A) was performed by PCR-RFLP, and SNPs for rs11076161 (MT1A) were analyzed by TaqMan assay. RESULTS: The only SNP associated with increased risk for OSCC was the MT-1A AA genotype (OR = 4.7; p = 0.01). We have also evidenced for the first time a significant linkage disequilibrium between the SNPs of MT-2A and MT-1A in this population with the highest frequency (30%) of the unfavorable haplotype G/A/C/T (rs1610216 / rs11076161 / rs964372 / rs8052334) of MT gene polymorphisms (OR = 6.2; p = 0.04). Interestingly, after removing the effects of conventional risk factors, we have uncovered the significance of the AA genotype of the rs11076161 with increased odds of 19-fold higher towards OSCC development. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first demonstration that a significant linkage disequilibrium among gene polymorphisms of the MT family may affect susceptibility to oral cancer, which is conditioned by the G/A/C/T haplotype (rs1610216/rs11076161/rs964372/ rs8052334) and the MT-1A gene polymorphism has a potential clinical utility for the OSCC risk assessment.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço , Neoplasias Bucais , Brasil , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Genótipo , Humanos , Metalotioneína/genética , Neoplasias Bucais/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Fatores de Risco , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e PescoçoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to describe the relative frequency and the main demographic and clinic-radiographic features related to patients diagnosed with Simple bone cyst (SBC) in an Oral Diagnosis Service in Southeast Brazil and present a review and discussion of international literature on this topic. MATERIAL AND METHODS: SBC cases from our service encompassing the period between 1978 and 2017 were selected. In addition, a literature search was performed in the Pubmed/MEDLINE online electronic database published between 1951 and 2019. RESULTS: A total of 2,459 cystic lesions were documented in our service, thus 60 patients were diagnosed with the SBC representing 2.4% of all jaw cystic. Most of cases were asymptomatic. Multiple SBC lesions were seen in two patients (3.4%) and association with cemento-osseous dysplasia was seen in one female patient (1.7%). A total of 793 cases were enrolled in this literature review. CONCLUSIONS: The SBC is an asymptomatic lesion often discovered in routine image exams in young patients. The unilocular, well defined margin with scalloped appearance is characteristic and helps the definition of diagnosis. This review suggests a different epidemiologic trend concerning to the sex and it confirms the posterior region of mandible as the more frequent location. The conservative treatment with limited exploration and curettage remains as the gold-standard treatment.
Assuntos
Cistos Ósseos , Tumores Odontogênicos , Brasil , Feminino , Humanos , Mandíbula , Instituições AcadêmicasRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease mediated by T cells, which manifests as reticular (white) or erosive (red) lesions, that are eventually painful. Oral lichenoid lesion (OLL) are distinguished from OLP by the presence of precipitating factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the presence of metallothionein, which is involved in anti-apoptotic pathways and the anti-oxidative response, could serve as a differential diagnostic for OLP and OLL. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We evaluated the expression of metallothionein in 40 cases of OLP and 20 cases of OLL using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: White OLP has higher concentrations of metallothionein than red OLP in basal and parabasal layers. Moreover, metallothionein was more frequently observed in the cytoplasm and nuclei of basal cells in OLP patients compared to the same regions of OLL cases. Metallothionein levels are related to OLP severity and may contribute to a differential diagnosis between OLP and OLL.
Assuntos
Amálgama Dentário , Líquen Plano Bucal/diagnóstico , Líquen Plano Bucal/metabolismo , Metalotioneína/biossíntese , Adulto , Amálgama Dentário/efeitos adversos , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças da Boca/diagnóstico , Doenças da Boca/etiologia , Doenças da Boca/patologiaRESUMO
AIM: To synthesize and characterize zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals and assess their biological properties for applications in dentistry, particularly in endodontics, by means of intraosseous implants. METHODOLOGY: ZnO nanocrystals were synthesized and characterized by micro-Raman spectroscopy and X-ray Diffraction. Ten guinea pigs were divided into two groups representing experimental periods of 4 and 12 weeks and received implants on both sides of the mandible in the region of the symphysis. The connective tissue response along the lateral wall outside the cup served as the negative control. The animals were euthanized at the end of each observation period and prepared for routine histological examinations which evaluated inflammatory response and material biocompatibility. RESULTS: ZnO nanocrystals were highly pure, crystalline, and averaged 21 nm in size. After 12 weeks, tissue analysis revealed the presence of a thin layer of connective tissue with some giant cells between the implanted material and underlying bone tissue. While signs of mild inflammation could be seen, bone resorption and remodeling were not apparent. CONCLUSION: ZnO nanocrystals were biocompatible, well tolerated and allowed new bone formation and bone remodelling.
Assuntos
Materiais Biocompatíveis , Implantação Dentária Endóssea , Nanopartículas/química , Óxido de Zinco/química , Cristalografia por Raios X , Análise Espectral RamanAssuntos
Antirretrovirais/uso terapêutico , Sarcoma de Kaposi/tratamento farmacológico , Sarcoma de Kaposi/patologia , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/patologia , Adenina/análogos & derivados , Adenina/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Alcinos , Benzoxazinas/uso terapêutico , Ciclopropanos , Quimioterapia Combinada , Humanos , Lamivudina/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Organofosfonatos/uso terapêutico , TenofovirRESUMO
This is the first description of solitary phaeohyphomycosis affecting the mucosal surface. The lesion developed in the inferior lip of a 57-year-old woman. After surgical resection, histopathological examination evidenced characteristic brownish fungal structures within granulomatous-purulent inflammation. Amplification and sequencing of rDNA obtained from paraffin-embedded tissue identified Alternaria species, as the causative agent.
Assuntos
Doenças Labiais/diagnóstico , Micoses/diagnóstico , Alternaria/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Humanos , Doenças Labiais/patologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mucosa Bucal/microbiologia , Mucosa Bucal/patologia , Micoses/patologiaAssuntos
Citodiagnóstico/métodos , Histoplasma/isolamento & purificação , Histoplasmose/diagnóstico , Amoxicilina/uso terapêutico , Histoplasma/patogenicidade , Histoplasmose/tratamento farmacológico , Histoplasmose/patologia , Humanos , Macrófagos/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Bucais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Bucais/microbiologia , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , Coloração e Rotulagem/métodosRESUMO
Cytokines released by immune system cells play an important role in cyst enlargement. This study aimed to determine, by ELISA, the levels of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin 3 (IL-3), and IL-6 in fluid and tissue from human radicular cysts. GM-CSF was found in 42.8% of the fluid samples (164.3 pg/mL) and IL-6 in 92.8% (641.4 pg/mL). No IL-3 was detected in any fluid samples. In the tissue samples, 28.6% were positive for IL-3 (369.2 pg/mL), 86.4% for IL-6 (92.4 pg/mL), and 95.8% for GM-CSF (200.5 pg/mL). It can be concluded that GM-CSF and IL-6 were widely found in the fluid and tissue samples. In contrast, IL-3 was found only in the cystic tissue, even though in few lesions. These cytokines may contribute to the inflammation, cystic growth, and bone resorption that characterize cystic lesions.
Assuntos
Líquido Cístico/imunologia , Fator Estimulador de Colônias de Granulócitos e Macrófagos/análise , Interleucina-3/análise , Interleucina-6/análise , Cisto Radicular/imunologia , Perda do Osso Alveolar/imunologia , Líquido Cístico/química , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Humanos , Cisto Radicular/química , Estatísticas não ParamétricasRESUMO
The expression of cytokeratins (CKs) 7,8,10,13,14,18,19, vimentin and muscle-specific actin (MSA) was investigated in 17 mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC) by the streptavidin-biotin technique. The results revealed that CKs 7, 8 and 18 were positive for intermediate, luminal columnar and mucous cells. For epidermoid cells, the expression was heterogeneous and discrete. The reaction with CK19 was similar to that seen for the above CKs, except for the fact that mucous cells were negative. CK 14 was preferentially expressed in the intermediate cells localised in basal, parabasal and epidermoid cells. CK13 was localised in intermediate, epidermoid and luminal columnar cells. In stratified epithelium, CK13 was expressed in intermediate cells and negative in basal cells. These findings were more expressive in cystic areas of the tumours. CK10 was negative for all the cases studied. MSA was positive only in stromal elements, and only two cases of CME were heterogeneously positive for vimentin. The result obtained showed that the immunoprofile of MEC, for the studied antigens, is similar to that exhibited by the excretory duct of normal salivary glands.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Mucoepidermoide/metabolismo , Proteínas do Citoesqueleto/metabolismo , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares/metabolismo , Actinas/metabolismo , Carcinoma Mucoepidermoide/patologia , Diferenciação Celular , Humanos , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas , Queratinas/metabolismo , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares/patologia , Vimentina/metabolismoRESUMO
The relationship between the histological grading of malignancy and p53 protein expression was studied in 40 biopsies of oral squamous cell carcinomas. An immunohistochemical analysis was carried out using the streptavidin method preceded by a treatment with citric acid in a microwave oven. All cases were classified according to the histological malignancy grading system proposed by Anneroth et al. (Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research 1987, 95, 229-249). The expression of p53 was found in 62.5% of the carcinomas studied. Positivity of p53 staining showed a correlation with the histological grade of malignancy and with the degree of keratinisation, nuclear polymorphism and number of mitoses.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Neoplasias Bucais/metabolismo , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/metabolismo , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biópsia , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Multiple congenital granular cell lesions occurring on the maxillary alveolar ridge and ventral aspect of the tongue were identified in a 22-day-old girl. The prevalence, histogenesis, and treatment of this lesion are discussed and the literature is reviewed.
Assuntos
Processo Alveolar/patologia , Neoplasias Gengivais/congênito , Tumor de Células Granulares/congênito , Neoplasias Maxilares/congênito , Neoplasias da Língua/congênito , Processo Alveolar/cirurgia , Núcleo Celular/ultraestrutura , Tecido Conjuntivo/patologia , Citoplasma/ultraestrutura , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Epitélio/patologia , Feminino , Neoplasias Gengivais/patologia , Neoplasias Gengivais/cirurgia , Tumor de Células Granulares/patologia , Tumor de Células Granulares/cirurgia , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Neoplasias Maxilares/patologia , Neoplasias Maxilares/cirurgia , Prevalência , Neoplasias da Língua/patologia , Neoplasias da Língua/cirurgiaRESUMO
An intraosseous leiomyoma arising within the mandible was diagnosed in a 24-year-old woman. Clinically, a nodular swelling of the lower border of the mandible was noted. Radiographically, a unilocular ellipsoid radiolucency, loss of the lower border of the mandible, and tooth resorption were observed. The mitotic count was 0.4 per 10 high-power fields, which supported the benign nature of the tumor. The clinical and histologic parameters for distinguishing between benign and malignant smooth muscle neoplasms are discussed.
Assuntos
Leiomioma/patologia , Neoplasias Mandibulares/patologia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Leiomioma/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Mandibulares/diagnóstico por imagem , Índice Mitótico , RadiografiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To compare the argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) count of cells collected from normal buccal mucosa of cigarette smokers with that obtained from nonsmokers. STUDY DESIGN: Cytologic smears of normal buccal mucosa from 20 smokers and 20 nonsmokers were stained for AgNORs. The AgNOR count was established on 100 cells. The count values of groups were compared and analyzed using Student's unpaired t test. RESULTS: The AgNORs were round and had a clustered distribution in both groups. The mean AgNOR count was statistically higher in cells of smokers than nonsmokers (P < .01). CONCLUSION: Analysis of AgNORs suggests that cigarette smoking influences proliferative activity in cells of normal buccal mucosa.
Assuntos
Mucosa Bucal/patologia , Boca/patologia , Região Organizadora do Nucléolo/patologia , Fumar , Adulto , Idoso , Divisão Celular , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , Coloração pela PrataRESUMO
A case of squamous odontogenic tumor-like proliferation (SOT-LP) in residual cyst is described. Based on clinico-pathological data, the relationship to the squamous odontogenic tumor (SOT) was analyzed. The possibility of SOT-LP representing an early manifestation of the squamous odontogenic tumor was discussed.
Assuntos
Ameloblastoma/etiologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/etiologia , Doenças Mandibulares/complicações , Neoplasias Mandibulares/etiologia , Cistos Odontogênicos/complicações , Lesões Pré-Cancerosas/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Epitélio/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Doenças Mandibulares/patologia , Neoplasias Mandibulares/patologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cistos Odontogênicos/patologiaRESUMO
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is the most common malignant salivary gland tumour of the maxillary sinus. The present study describes 24 cases seen over a period of 10 years at the Brazilian National Cancer Institute. Socio-demographic, clinical, pathological, and follow-up data were retrieved from the medical files for the period 1997-2006. The mean age of the patients was 51.1 years. Twenty-one (87.5%) presented advanced tumours. The main signs and symptoms found were a tumour mass (87.5%), pain (50%), nasal obstruction (25%), and epistaxis (20.8%). Most cases (62.5%) were treated with surgery and radiation therapy. Follow-up data showed two patients (8.3%) with residual disease, local recurrences in four (16.7%) patients, and distant metastasis in five (20.8%). The overall 5- and 10-year survival rates were 72.61% and 62.11%, respectively. Maxillary sinus ACC has an aggressive but indolent behaviour, typically presenting at an advanced T stage that reflects a poor prognosis for patients.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Adenoide Cístico/patologia , Seio Maxilar/patologia , Neoplasias dos Seios Paranasais/patologia , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Brasil , Carcinoma Adenoide Cístico/terapia , Terapia Combinada , Diagnóstico por Imagem , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/terapia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Neoplasias dos Seios Paranasais/terapia , Fatores de Risco , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares/terapia , Taxa de SobrevidaRESUMO
This study describes the epidemiology and clinical presentation of odontogenic tumours (OT) seen at a regional Brazilian oral and maxillofacial pathology service; to assess the quantitative impact of the most recent World Health Organization (WHO) classification of these lesions; and to compare this series with others available in international databases. The study was carried out by retrospectively analysing 240 cases diagnosed from 1978 to 2009, followed by a comprehensive review of the literature. The patients' mean age was 29 years, with a male to female ratio of 1:1.1. Benign lesions comprised 97.9% of the cases (mostly keratocystic odontogenic tumours (KCOT), odontomas and ameloblastomas) with the remaining tumours depicting a prevalence of less than 5%. Adenomatoid OT were less frequent than in most previous studies, while malignant OT were strikingly numerous. Most OT in children and in the anterior maxilla were odontomas, while maxillary ameloblastomas were rare. Lack of swelling was more frequent in KCOT than in ameloblastomas. The present study confirms the relative impact of KCOT in the epidemiology of OT and identifies more similarities between the present series with reports from the United States and Europe than with African and Asian populations.
Assuntos
Tumores Odontogênicos/epidemiologia , Tumores Odontogênicos/patologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , População Negra , Brasil/epidemiologia , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Indígenas Sul-Americanos , Classificação Internacional de Doenças , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tumores Odontogênicos/classificação , Prevalência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , População Branca , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Data regarding the development of head and neck metastases are limited, with the majority of the studies focusing on single cases affecting mainly the oral cavity and surrounding tissues. This study describes the incidence of head and neck metastases from primary tumours originating elsewhere. The medical records of selected patients were reviewed, and socio-demographic data as well as information about the localization of the primary tumours and their metastases to this region, treatment modalities employed, follow-up, and outcomes were collected. A total of 24 cases were found. The mean age at diagnosis was 52.1±17.6 years and the male to female ratio was 1:1.4. Most primary tumours were located in the lung and breast. The overall 1-, 2-, and 5-year survival rates were 63.0%, 39.1%, and 19.6%, respectively. Radiotherapy for the metastatic focus significantly prolonged the survival time of the patients (P=0.048). Cervical lymph node metastases are a common event in patients with primary tumours growing elsewhere.
Assuntos
Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/secundário , Adulto , Idoso , Brasil/epidemiologia , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/epidemiologia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/patologia , Humanos , Incidência , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taxa de Sobrevida , Centros de Atenção Terciária , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Salivary gland small cell carcinoma is a rare neoplasm, accounting for less than 1% of salivary gland tumours. Little is known about the epidemiologic factors and treatment of this lesion. The authors report two cases and perform a systematic literature search from 1960 to 2011 for articles on salivary gland small cell carcinoma. Once the papers were reviewed, a database was generated to analyse clinical and pathological features, treatments and outcomes, and an attempt was made to identify prognostic factors. Available data were retrieved for 44 cases which fully satisfied the inclusion criteria; the median age was 64.25 years and the male:female ratio was 2.4:1. The parotid gland was the most common site (79.6%). The overall 1-, 2- and 5-year survival rates were 75.3%, 56.4% and 36.6%, respectively. According to the present review, patient age, tumour size, distant metastasis and cytokeratin-20 positive immunostaining were all significant prognostic factors in a univariate analysis. No particular treatment approach appeared to improve survival. This work reinforces knowledge about salivary gland small cell carcinoma's epidemiologic features, and identifies new prognostic markers. The optimal management of this lesion remains controversial.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Pequenas/patologia , Neoplasias Parotídeas/patologia , Neoplasias da Glândula Submandibular/patologia , Idoso , Biópsia por Agulha Fina , Carcinoma de Células Pequenas/secundário , Quimioterapia Adjuvante , Evolução Fatal , Humanos , Metástase Linfática/patologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Esvaziamento Cervical , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/secundário , Radiografia Torácica , Radioterapia Adjuvante , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
AIM: To report a clinical case of unicystic ameloblastoma previously misdiagnosed as radicular cyst. SUMMARY: A 49-year-old white male was referred to a private practitioner complaining of an asymptomatic bony hard swelling of the left posterior mandible. The patient's dental history indicated that his left mandibular first molar had been extracted approximately 10 years previously. At that time, preoperative radiographic examination demonstrated a radiolucent area of 1.5 cm diameter with well-defined margins involving the distal root of tooth 36. The lesion was diagnosed as cystic and surgery for its removal was advised, but not performed. At presentation, radiography demonstrated a well-defined 3 cm diameter radiolucency extending from the second premolar to the second molar. The lesion was enucleated and histopathological examination confirmed a diagnosis of unicystic ameloblastoma. KEY LEARNING POINTS: *Despite a clinical diagnosis of periapical disease of endodontic origin, a nonendodontic lesion may be present. *Unicystic ameloblastoma located on the periapical area of a tooth can lead to a pulp-periapical misdiagnosis, and should be considered in differential diagnosis. *All tissue specimens recovered in apical surgery should be submitted to histopathological analysis.