Association between dental erosion and diet in Brazilian adolescents aged from 15 to 19: a population-based study.

Dental erosion is a pathological condition resulting from the irreversible dissolution of the mineralized portion of the teeth, being recognized in modern society as an important cause of loss of tooth structure. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and its association with diet in Brazilian adolescents of Campina Grande, PB, Brazil. A population-based study was conducted on a stratified sample of 675 adolescents aged from 15 to 19 of both sexes using the index proposed by O'Sullivan. Dental examinations were performed by two calibrated dentists (kappa = 0.82). The significance level adopted was 5%. The prevalence of dental erosion was 21%, and the upper central incisors and lateral incisors were the most affected elements, with 50.5% and 40.2%, respectively. The buccal surface showed greater impairment (51.4%) and 67.8% of teeth with dental erosion had more than half of the surface of affected area. Most damage was on the enamel (93.5%). There were no statistically significant differences between the occurrence of dental erosion and gender, age, socioeconomic status, self-reported ethnicity, and diet. There was high prevalence of dental erosion in its early stages among adolescents and there were no significant differences in the frequency of the consumption of foods and beverages and the presence of dental erosion.

Oral health habits, prevalence of dental caries and dental erosion in adolescents / Hábitos de higiene oral, prevalência de cárie e erosão dentária em adolescentes

ABSTRACT Objective To assess oral hygiene habits, and prevalence of dental caries and erosion in adolescents of Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil. Methods Cross-sectional study with random cluster sampling involving 201 15-year-old schoolchildren. Oral health habits were obtained through questionnaire, and socioeconomic data, by means of interviews. The DMFT index was adopted to determine the prevalence of caries and that proposed by O'Sullivan, to assess dental erosion. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 18. A 5% significance level was adopted. Results All subjects reported using toothbrush and toothpaste, 50.7% reported dental flossing, and association was found between sex and use of mouthwash (p <0.05). Regarding dental caries, the mean DMFT was 3.67 and 51.7% had DMFT lower than or equal to 3. For dental erosion, 18.4% of the sample had erosive lesions, predominantly enamel lesions (92%). Conclusion The use of dental floss was low and adolescents revealed unsatisfactory index. The DMF-T value was moderate and lower than that reported for the Brazilian age group. The prevalence of dental erosion was high, with predominance of enamel lesions.

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar os hábitos de higiene oral, assim como a prevalência de cárie e erosão dentária em adolescentes em Campina Grande, Paraíba. Métodos Estudo transversal, com amostragem probabilística por conglomerado, envolvendo 201 escolares de 15 anos. Os hábitos de higiene oral foram obtidos por meio de questionário, e os dados socioeconômicos por entrevista. Adotou-se o índice CPO-D (Cariados, Perdidos e Obturados) para determinação da prevalência de cárie e o proposto por O'Sullivan, para avaliação da erosão dentária. Os dados foram analisados por meio do Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 18. Adotou-se um nível de significância de 5%. Resultados Todos os adolescentes relataram o uso de escova dental e dentifrício, 50,7% reportaram o uso do fio dental, sendo verificada associação entre o sexo e uso de enxaguatório bucal (p<0,05). Em relação à cárie, o CPO-D médio foi de 3,67 e 51,7% possuíam CPO-D inferior ou igual a 3. No tocante à erosão dentária 18,4% da amostra apresentava lesão erosiva, predominando lesões em esmalte (92%). Conclusão O uso do fio dental foi baixo e os adolescentes revelaram possuir índice insatisfatório. O CPO-D foi moderado e abaixo do relatado para a faixa etária brasileira. A prevalência de erosão dentária foi elevada, com lesões predominantes em esmalte.