Generalized Lymphangioma of the Tongue: A Rare Cause of Macroglossia.

Generalized lymphangioma of tongue is a rare cause of macroglossia in children. It causes mechanical discomfort and functional and psychological disturbances. We report a case of macroglossia due to generalized lymphangioma in a 10 year old where partial glossectomy was done to achieve symptomatic relief.

Natural hormone therapy for menopause.

Menopausal women are deficient in estrogen, progesterone, and frequently in testosterone and DHEA. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in the United States has generally consisted of one or two agents, typically equine estrogen and medroxyprogesterone, with increased risk of heart attack, stroke, dementia, and breast cancer [WHI trials]. Bio-identical hormones [chemically endogenous hormones] have gained popularity and can be mixed according to physician's orders by compounding pharmacists in the United States. However, there is little published information about the use of such hormones. This paper reports a 12 plus months follow up on 189 patients who were administered natural estrogen plus progesterone with or without DHEA or testosterone according to a rationalized protocol described later. Ninety-seven percent of the patients experienced varying degrees of symptom control, whereas three had minimal or questionable benefit. Mental symptoms experienced upon presentation improved in 90% of the patients. Sixty percent of the patients, who had gained weight during menopause, lost an average of 14.8 lbs [SD 11.98 lbs]. Complications described with traditional HRT did not develop in this group of patients. These findings point out a need for larger controlled trials of similar protocols in the management of menopause.

Consideration of breed specific fetal trunk diameter for the estimation of gestation age using trans-abdominal ultrasonography in sheep.

The study aim was to estimate gestational age (GA), expected parturition date (EPD) and growth rate by determining fetal trunk diameter (TD). Effects of fetal-dam pelvis alignment and in utero fetal position at time of ultrasonography (UG) on fetal numbers and sex determination were also studied. Trans-abdominal UG (3-6.5 MHz) was conducted on 37 ewes with known breeding dates from Days 25-120 of pregnancy. Errors in GA and EPD were studied using an equation in the same ewes at their successive breeding when date of breeding was unknown. There were four equations, Y = 1.28861X+32.656 (R2 = 0.92), for Indigenous; Y = 1.2603X+38.075 (R2 = 0.85), for Indigenous × Garole; and Y = 0.8932X+45.916 (R²â€¯= 0.99), for Garole fetuses; and the equation, Y = 1.3565X + 32.604 (R2 = 0.94), independent of breed were computed to estimate GA and the relationship between GA and TD of different breeds. The error in estimated GA and EPD using these four equations was determined and there was comparison with the data collected using US and the previously described equations. Results indicate there was the greatest (P <  0.01) error for GA and EPD values using the US TD equation for all breeds. There was the least error in estimated EPD using the breed specific equations. Error in the sex determination was 4.8 % and fetal number determination was 16.7 % with singleton and 7.7 % twin fetuses. The results indicate there is a breed specific fetal TD that is useful for predicting GA in sheep.

Gastric Perforation Following Dog Bite in a Child.

Gastric perforation following dog bite is exceedingly rare event in pediatric population that requires emergency surgery. We report a 26 month old male who presented 36 hours after a dog bite over abdomen with pneumoperitoneum. At laparotomy, two perforations were found on the anterior surface of the stomach. The perforations were repaired primarily. The child made an uneventful postoperative recovery.

Lipodissolve for body sculpting: safety, effectiveness, and patient satisfaction.

Lipodissolve, to reduce superficial deposits of fat, has gained popularity in recent years. A simple solution of phosphatidylcholine in deoxycholate evolved around 2004 and has been used by two collaborating physicians in Minnesota. Their experience encompassing 1,616 patients receiving a total of 15,122 treatments is described. Relatively modest volumes of injections produced satisfactory and smooth results in 74.5 to 86.5 percent of the patients in the two practices. No serious complications developed. Minor and rare side effects included pain, lightheadedness, tender nodules, pigmentation, and ulceration in two patients. The authors offer useful tips to enhance safety, effectiveness, and patient satisfaction with the procedure.